Article
Engineering, Civil
Chun-sheng Wang, Yu-zhu Wang, Lan Duan, Wouter De Corte
Summary: This paper investigates the influence of web gap on the fatigue strength of weathering steel material and finds the effect of stress ratio and distortion ratio on fatigue strength. When the nominal stress ratio and distortion ratio are greater than 0.3, the fatigue strength decreases.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chun-sheng Wang, Yu-zhu Wang
Summary: The study investigates distortion-induced fatigue performance at web gap regions in steel girder bridges using both physical fatigue test and a new proposed research methodology called digital fatigue test. The digital fatigue test, based on the extended finite element method, can simulate the propagation of mixed-mode cracks by considering factors such as residual welding stress, initial defects, and fatigue action. Results from both physical and digital fatigue tests show a significant decrease in fatigue strength with increasing distortion ratio, where the fatigue strength of the 60 mm horizontal gusset plate-vertical stiffener web gap and 40 mm vertical stiffener web gap decreased by 43% and 50% respectively, when distortion ratio and nominal stress ratio increased from 0.2 to 0.5.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rui Zhao, Yongjian Liu, Lei Jiang, Bowen Feng, Yisheng Fu, Chenyu Zhang
Summary: Curved composite twin-girder bridges are suitable for mountainous areas, but fatigue failure is a critical issue. This study designed specimens and proposed new NS and HSS methods to evaluate fatigue performance.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yixin Chen, Joseph Saunders, Ian Hodgson, Richard Sause
Summary: This paper presents research on distortion-induced fatigue cracking in steel bridge girders at a connection plate-to-girder web weld toe after retrofit of an original fatigue crack using a crack-arrest hole. Three-dimensional finite-element analyses were conducted to evaluate fatigue stresses before and after the original fatigue crack develops and before and after a crack-arrest hole retrofit. The study also included fatigue tests to validate the results obtained from the finite-element analyses.
JOURNAL OF BRIDGE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Hong Li, Weijia Yan, Zhuoxin Li, Bober Mariusz, Jacek Senkara, Yu Zhang
Summary: A CALPHAD-coupled finite element model was established to investigate the formation mechanism of hot cracks in dissimilar resistance spot welding joints. The results showed that the composition of the local area played a key role in crack initiation. Two types of liquation cracks, Type I and Type II, were observed at the interface of the nugget and the base materials. Metallographic and energy dispersive spectrometer analysis revealed that the Type I cracks were filled by liquid within the nugget, while the Type II cracks and solidification cracks created no-bonding areas. The Type II cracks deteriorated the mechanical properties of the joints.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yiming Yang, Jianxin Peng, Xinhua Liu, Steve C. S. Cai, Jianren Zhang
Summary: In this study, a time-dependent prediction model of effective prestress and a corrosion propagation model were established to assess web cracking probability in corroded prestressed concrete bridges. The results showed that the doubled-tensioned prestress technique was more effective in reducing web cracking probability compared to traditional techniques, and epistemic uncertainties significantly impacted the probability of web cracking. Minimizing epistemic uncertainty, especially in chloride diffusion coefficient, is crucial for accurate assessment in this process.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xingren Zhou, Weimin Song, Hao Wu
Summary: In this study, fatigue tests were conducted using a novel load-controlled mode to evaluate the effect of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) on the fatigue performance of hot-mix asphalt (HMA). Results showed that the addition of 25% RAP prolongs the fatigue life at 25 degrees C, while the addition of 50% RAP reduces the fatigue life. However, at -10 degrees C, both 25% and 50% RAP have a negative effect on the fatigue life.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Mehran Jalali Moghadam, Justin D. Marshall, James S. Davidson
Summary: This paper focuses on the fatigue behavior of slender web in composite curved steel bridges and aims to understand the influence of curvature on critical fatigue stress ranges. By using 3D finite element analyses, the distortion-induced web stresses during construction and service are captured. The role of curvature in intensifying the critical fatigue stress ranges is investigated by comparing with equivalent straight bridges.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STEEL STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yu-zhu Wang, Chun-sheng Wang, Lan Duan
Summary: Physical fatigue tests and numerical simulations were conducted to verify the effectiveness of cold reinforcement methods for distortion-induced fatigue cracks at web gaps in steel girder bridges. Test results showed that stop-holes could temporarily prevent crack propagation, while bolting and bonding angles were able to effectively stop further cracking and reduce distortions and fatigue stresses. Numerical simulation analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in the equivalent stress intensity factor after bolting or bonding reinforcement, with the innovative bonding angle reinforcement strategy being recommended for better reinforcement effectiveness, minimal damage to the original structure, and avoidance of traffic disruption.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xiang Zhang, Chuang Cui, Jun Chen, Shao-bing Shao, Qing-hua Zhang, Zhen-xiong Jiang
Summary: This study developed a coating sensor using silver-plated copper powder/acrylate composites as the sensing layer, which can monitor fatigue cracks considering variable ambient temperatures. By adjusting the concentration of conductive filler, the composite with the lowest temperature sensitivity of resistivity was selected, and it was demonstrated that temperature variation had minimal effects on the output signal of the coating sensor.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hassan Al-Karawi, Poja Shams-Hakimi, Mohammad Al-Emrani
Summary: High-frequency mechanical impact (HFMI) is a post-weld treatment method that enhances the fatigue strength of steel weldments significantly. This paper investigates the possibility of considering the mean stress effect via Eurocode's fatigue load models and proposes a design method to take the mean stress effect into account. The study validates the proposed design method using large data pools and case study bridges, and confirms the adequacy of previous calibration in representing traffic conditions in Sweden and the Netherlands.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Damla Ovek, Zeynep Abali, Melisa Ece Zeylan, Ozlem Keskin, Attila Gursoy, Nurcan Tuncbag
Summary: Proteins interact through interfaces and abnormal interactions may cause diseases. Discovering small molecules that modulate protein interactions is challenging but has high therapeutic potential. Hot spot prediction is crucial for drug design.
CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yong Zeng, Shenxu Wang, Xiaofang Xue, Hongmei Tan, Jianting Zhou
Summary: This study focuses on the fatigue crack propagation of an orthotropic steel deck (OSD) structure and the factors affecting the amplitude of the structural stress intensity factor. By using linear elastic fracture mechanics and Paris' law, a full-scale segment model of a cable-stayed bridge is designed and tested. Test and FEM analysis results show that the thickness of the top plate and U-rib have a positive significance in prolonging the fatigue life of the OSD structure, while the thickness of the diaphragm and the height of the U-rib have little effect.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Kris Hectors, Somsubhro Chaudhuri, Wim De Waele
Summary: This work presents a case study on a welded overhead crane runway girder, where a full-shell global finite element model is validated and used to assess the fatigue properties of critical joints. The study also investigates the crack growth process.
FATIGUE & FRACTURE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS & STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kakara Srikanth, Venkaiah Chowdary
Summary: This study evaluates dynamic wheel loads on the pavement by considering prime factors related to the vehicle and the pavement. Relationships for three different trucks are developed, considering the combined effects of vehicle speed, gross vehicle weight, and pavement roughness on dynamic loads. The effect of pavement cross slope on vehicular loading in the outer wheel path is also quantified. Additionally, incorporating dynamic loads into pavement analysis reveals an increase in critical responses compared to conventional static analysis, with a non-linear decrease observed with increased vehicle speed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAVEMENT ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Mohammadreza Mohammadi, Araliya Mosleh, Mehran Razzaghi, Pedro Alves Costa, Rui Calcada
Summary: This paper focuses on the stochastic response of railway embankments, considering the uncertainties in soil cohesion and friction angle. A non-sampling stochastic method, involving generalised polynomial chaos (gPC) expansion, is used for dynamic numerical simulation. The uncertain parameters, soil cohesion and friction angle, are defined using truncated gPC expansions. The accuracy and time efficiency of the proposed non-sampling method in quantifying uncertainty are demonstrated through comparisons with classical Monte Carlo simulations.
STRUCTURE AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Araliya Mosleh, Andreia Meixedo, Diogo Ribeiro, Pedro Montenegro, Rui Calcada
Summary: This paper aims to develop an unsupervised early damage detection methodology that can automatically distinguish a defective wheel from a healthy one by evaluating the acceleration and shear forces on railway tracks. The proposed methodology involves data acquisition, feature extraction, feature normalization, data fusion, and feature classification, and has been shown to effectively detect wheel defects.
VEHICLE SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2023)
Review
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
M. Smolnicki, G. Lesiuk, Sz Duda, A. M. P. de Jesus
Summary: This article reviews different approaches to finite element analysis of fibre metal laminates based on published articles and the authors' own experiences. The interface between the metal and the composite layer is highlighted as a crucial factor in modelling fibre metal laminates. The quality of the different approaches is evaluated based on literature review and own research.
ARCHIVES OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Editorial Material
Religion
Benjamin Harrison
ECCLESIASTICAL LAW JOURNAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Paul Abbott, Hani Nazzal
DENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nuno Miguel Ferreira, Maria Vila Pouca, Carlos Fernandes, Jorge Seabra, Grzegorz Lesiuk, Marco Parente, Abilio Jesus
Summary: This study used numerical simulation models to predict deformations and residual stresses in the gear repair process by directed energy deposition (DED). The model was validated using a case study from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and a parametric study was conducted to examine the influence of DED parameters. The results demonstrated the model's accuracy in predicting deformations and residual stresses, and provided insights into the effects of printing parameters on the process.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. F. V. Pedroso, V. F. C. Sousa, N. P. V. Sebbe, F. J. G. Silva, R. D. S. G. Campilho, R. C. M. Sales-Contini, A. M. P. Jesus
Summary: Nickel-based superalloys, such as INCONEL (R) variants, are increasingly used in various industries due to their high-temperature resistance and resistance to creep. However, they are considered difficult-to-cut materials because of their poor thermal conductivity and work hardening, which can lead to tool wear and poor finishing. Therefore, optimizing machining parameters is crucial for improving the quality and cost of the product.
Editorial Material
Psychology, Educational
Carmel Cefai
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EMOTIONAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Transportation Science & Technology
P. A. Montenegro, R. Calcada
Summary: This paper presents an enhanced wheel-rail contact model for a nonlinear vehicle-structure interaction methodology used in railway applications. The model simplifies the detection of contact points in the concave region of the wheel-rail transition. The validation of the model through numerical applications and experimental tests proves its accuracy and suitability for various railway dynamic applications.
RAILWAY ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Debiao Meng, Shiyuan Yang, Abilio M. P. De Jesusc, Tiago Fazeres-Ferradosa, Shun-Peng Zhu
Summary: This study applies the Water Cycle Algorithm (WCA) as a metaheuristic optimization method to improve the efficiency of the original dual-loop Reliability-Based Design and Optimization (RBDO) algorithm. It further proposes an adaptive Kriging-model-assisted RBDO method considering hybrid uncertainty to enhance the accuracy of the RBDO results. The proposed methods are illustrated through numerical examples and the optimization design of a crank-slider mechanism, and then applied to the optimization design of an offshore wind turbine monopile under hybrid uncertainties, resulting in a weight reduction of 12.78%.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Chiara Martinello, Emanuele Panza, Antonio Orlacchio
Summary: Investigating the shared pathogenetic mechanisms underlying different subtypes of HSP is crucial for understanding the disease and developing effective treatments. By examining disease-causing gene products and their associated functional pathways, new therapeutic targets can be identified, leading to potential advancements in HSP diagnosis and treatment.
EXPERT REVIEW OF PROTEOMICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Andre Victor da Silva Castilho, Francisco Jose da Cunha Pires Soeiro, Jose Guilherme Santos da Silva
Summary: This research aims to optimize the structural design of a steel tower used for a 2 MW wind turbine by considering natural frequencies, stresses, buckling resistance, and displacement constraints. A 3D finite element model is used, which includes the soil-structure interaction effect, rotor loads, and wind non-deterministic effect. A statistical analysis is performed to obtain results within a 95% confidence level. The optimized design reduces the volume of steel required by 31.5% compared to the original design, and is more robust to uncertainties associated with numerical modeling of wind loadings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shun-Peng Zhu, Lanyi Wang, Changqi Luo, Jose A. F. O. Correia, Abilio M. P. De Jesus, Filippo Berto, Qingyuan Y. Wang
Summary: The development of machine learning offers a promising solution for ensuring the structural integrity of critical components. However, the lack of respect for physical laws, data dependency, and poor extrapolation performance challenge the further application of pure data-driven methods. Physics-informed machine learning (PIML) aims to overcome these limitations by incorporating physical information into ML models. This paper discusses various approaches to embedding physical information and reviews the advancements of PIML in structural integrity, showcasing its potential in improving consistency with prior knowledge, extrapolation performance, prediction accuracy, interpretability, and computational efficiency, while reducing dependence on training data.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ana Celia Soares da Silva, Guilherme Santana Alencar, Jose Guilherme Santos da Silva
Summary: Fatigue cracking is a significant cause of mechanical failure for steel and composite steel-concrete bridges, and is a central concern for bridge engineers. This study presents recent advancements in a fatigue analysis methodology for composite steel-concrete bridges, improving computational efficiency and allowing the use of complex models. A case study is also conducted to demonstrate the usefulness of the improved methodology in evaluating the structural response and service life of such bridges.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vitor M. G. Gomes, Sven Eck, Abilio M. P. De Jesus
Summary: The fatigue behavior of 51CrV4 steel, applicable to the crossing nose component, was evaluated under strain-controlled conditions using both strain-life and energy-life approaches. A Ramberg-Osgood cyclic elasto-plastic curve was obtained to consider the results. The isotropic and kinematic cyclic hardening behavior of the Chaboche model was also analyzed. The material properties and finite element model parameters obtained in this study contribute to the literature on strain-life fatigue and cyclic plasticity, and can be applied in mechanical designs with 51CrV4 steel components or other future analyses.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Renbing An, Jiacong Yuan, Yi Pan, Duhang Yi
Summary: Traditional timber structures built on sloped land are more susceptible to seismic damage compared to structures built on flat land. The upper portion of the structure is found to be the weak point on sloped land, with potential issues such as tenon failure and column foot sliding.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Elyas Bayat, Federica Tubino
Summary: The current design guidelines for assessing floor vibration performance do not consider the influence of variability in the walking path on the dynamic response of floors. This study investigates the dynamic response of floors under a single pedestrian walking load, taking into account the randomness of the walking path and load. The effectiveness of the current guidelines in predicting floor response is critically assessed.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Gao Ma, Chunxu Hou, Hyeon-Jong Hwang, Linghui Chen, Zhenhao Zhang
Summary: Minimizing earthquake damage and improving repair efficiency are the main principles of resilient structures. This study proposed a repairable column with UHPC segments and replaceable energy dissipaters. The test results showed that the columns with UHPC segments and replaceable dissipaters exhibited high strength, deformation capacity, and energy dissipation.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Kartheek S. M. Sonti, Pavan Kumar Penumakala, Suresh Kumar Reddy Narala, S. Vincent
Summary: In this study, the compressive behavior of alumina hollow particles reinforced aluminum matrix syntactic foams (AMSF) was investigated using analytical, numerical, and experimental methods. The results showed that the FE solver ABAQUS could accurately predict the elastic and elastio-plastic behavior of AMSFs. The study also suggested that FE models have great potential in developing new materials and composites under compression loading.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zheqi Peng, Xin Wang, Zhishen Wu
Summary: In this study, the statistical modeling of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) cables using the classic fiber bundle model is explored. The study considers important features of large-scale multi-tendon FRP cables, such as initial random slack and uneven tensile deformation among tendons. A parametric study and reliability analysis are conducted to predict the load-displacement relation and design thousand-meter-scale FRP cables. The study emphasizes the relation between the reliability index beta of the cable and the safety factor gamma of the FRP material.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yanchao Shi, Shaozeng Liu, Ye Hu, Zhong-Xian Li, Yang Ding
Summary: This paper introduces a damage assessment method for reinforced concrete (RC) columns under blast loading, using modal parameter measurement as the evaluation index. The validity of the proposed method is validated through numerical and experimental analysis. The results show that this modal-based damage assessment method is applicable for non-destructive evaluation of blast-induced damage of RC columns.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xiaolin Zou, Maosheng Gong, Zhanxuan Zuo, Qifang Liu
Summary: This paper proposes an efficient framework for assessing the collapse capacity of structures in earthquake engineering. The framework is based on an accurate equivalent single-degree-of-freedom (ESDOF) system, calibrated by a meta-heuristic optimization method. The proposed framework has been validated through case studies, confirming its accuracy and efficiency.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jie Hu, Weiping Wen, Chenyu Zhang, Changhai Zhai, Shunshun Pei, Zhenghui Wang
Summary: A deep learning-based rapid peak seismic response prediction model is proposed for the most common two-story and three-span subway stations. The model predicts the peak seismic responses of subway stations using a data-driven approach and limited information, achieving good predictive performance and generalization ability, and demonstrating significantly higher computational efficiency compared to numerical simulation methods.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jin Ho Lee, Jeong-Rae Cho
Summary: A simplified model is proposed to estimate the earthquake responses of a rectangular liquid storage tank considering the fluid-structure interactions. The complex three-dimensional structural behavior of the tank is represented by a combination of fundamental modes of a rectangular-ring-shaped frame structure and a cantilever beam. The system's governing equation is derived, and earthquake responses such as deflection, hydrodynamic pressure, base shear, and overturning moment are obtained from the solution.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
W. J. Lewis, J. M. Russell, T. Q. Li
Summary: The work discusses the key features and advantages of optimal 2-pin arches shaped by statistically prevalent load and constant axial stress. It extends the design space of symmetric arches to cover asymmetric forms and provides minimum values of constant stress for form-finding of such arches made of different materials. The analysis shows that constant stress arches exhibit minimal stress response and have potential implications for sustainability and durability of future infrastructure.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Wen-ming Zhang, Han-xu Zou, Jia-qi Chang, Tian-cheng Liu
Summary: Saddle position is crucial in the construction and control of suspension bridges. This study proposes an analytical approach to estimate the saddle positions in the completed bridge state and discusses the calculation under different definitions. The relationship between the saddle position and the tower's centerline is analyzed, along with the eccentric compression of the tower. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified through a real-life suspension bridge.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Shaise K. John, Alessio Cascardi, Yashida Nadir
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the use of TRM material for reinforcing concrete columns. The results showed that increasing the number of textile layers effectively increased the axial strength. Additionally, the choice of fiber type and hybrid textile configuration also had a significant impact on strength improvement. A new design model that considers the effects of both the confining matrix and textile was proposed.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chandrashekhar Lakavath, S. Suriya Prakash
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the shear behavior of post-tensioned UHPFRC girders, considering factors such as prestress level, fiber volume fraction, and types of steel fibers. The results showed that increasing prestress and fiber dosage could enhance the ultimate load-carrying capacity of the girders, reduce crack angle, and increase shear cracking load.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Vahid Goodarzimehr, Siamak Talatahari, Saeed Shojaee, Amir H. Gandomi
Summary: In this paper, an Improved Marine Predators Algorithm (IMPA) is proposed for size and shape optimization of truss structures subject to natural frequency constraints. The results indicate that IMPA performs better in solving these nonlinear structural optimization problems compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chun-Xu Qu, Jin-Zhao Jiang, Ting-Hua Yi, Hong-Nan Li
Summary: In this paper, a computer vision-based method is proposed to monitor the deformation and displacement of building structures by obtaining 3D coordinates of surface feature points. The method can acquire a large number of 3D coordinates in a noncontact form, improve the flexibility and density of measurement point layout, and is simple and cost-effective to operate.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)