Article
Oncology
Florence Duffaud, Jean-Yves Blay, Axel Le Cesne, Christine Chevreau, Pascaline Boudou-Rouquette, Elsa Kalbacher, Nicolas Penel, Christophe Perrin, Valerie Laurence, Emmanuelle Bompas, Esma Saada-Bouzid, Corinne Delcambre, Francois Bertucci, Mathilde Cancel, Camille Schiffler, Laure Monard, Corinne Bouvier, Vincent Vidal, Nathalie Gaspar, Sylvie Chabaud
Summary: Although the primary endpoint was not met statistically in this randomised cohort, there is evidence to suggest that regorafenib might modestly delay tumour progression in relapsed ES after failure of prior chemotherapy.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Pascal Richette, Augustin Latourte, Jeremie Sellam, Daniel Wendling, Muriel Piperno, Philippe Goupille, Yves-Marie Pers, Florent Eymard, Sebastien Ottaviani, Paul Ornetti, Rene-Marc Flipo, Bruno Fautrel, Olivier Peyr, Jean Pierre Bertola, Eric Vicaut, Xavier Chevalier
Summary: The study found that tocilizumab was not more effective than placebo in relieving pain in patients with hand osteoarthritis. Apart from the primary endpoint, there were no significant differences in secondary outcomes between the tocilizumab group and the placebo group.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Brad H. Rovin, Y. K. Onno Teng, Ellen M. Ginzler, Cristina Arriens, Dawn J. Caster, Juanita Romero-Diaz, Keisha Gibson, Joshua Kaplan, Laura Lisk, Sandra Navarra, Samir V. Parikh, Simrat Randhawa, Neil Solomons, Robert B. Huizinga
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of voclosporin for the treatment of lupus nephritis, showing a superior complete renal response rate with voclosporin in combination with MMF and low-dose steroids compared to MMF and low-dose steroids alone. The safety profile was comparable between the two groups. This finding represents an important advancement in the treatment of patients with active lupus nephritis.
Article
Oncology
Sun Young Rha, Do-Youn Oh, Patricio Yanez, Yuxian Bai, Min-Hee Ryu, Jeeyun Lee, Fernando Rivera, Gustavo Vasconcelos Alves, Marcelo Garrido, Kai-Keen Shiu, Manuel Gonzalez Fernandez, Jin Li, Maeve A. Lowery, Timucin Cil, Felipe Melo Cruz, Shukui Qin, Suxia Luo, Hongming Pan, Zev A. Wainberg, Lina Yin, Sonal Bordia, Pooja Bhagia, Lucjan S. Wyrwicz
Summary: This study compared the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy with placebo plus chemotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic HER2-negative gastric or gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma. The results showed that participants in the pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy group had a significant and clinically meaningful improvement in overall survival with manageable toxicity.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Andrew W. Horne, Stephen Tong, Catherine A. Moakes, Lee J. Middleton, W. Colin Duncan, Ben W. Mol, Lucy H. R. Whitaker, Davor Jurkovic, Arri Coomarasamy, Natalie Nunes, Tom Holland, Fiona Clarke, Ann M. Doust, Jane P. Daniels
Summary: This study evaluated whether oral gefitinib in combination with methotrexate is more effective than methotrexate alone in the treatment of tubal ectopic pregnancy. The results showed that oral gefitinib does not offer clinical benefit over methotrexate and increases minor adverse reactions.
Article
Rheumatology
Renaud Felten, Valerie Devauchelle-Pensec, Raphaele Seror, Pierre Duffau, David Saadoun, Eric Hachulla, Hatron Pierre Yves, Carine Salliot, Aleth Perdriger, Jacques Morel, Arsene Mekinian, Olivier Vittecoq, Jean-Marie Berthelot, Emanuelle Dernis, Veronique Le Guern, Philippe Dieude, Claire Larroche, Christophe Richez, Thierry Martin, Charles Zarnitsky, Gilles Blaison, Pierre Kieffer, Francois Maurier, Azeddine Dellal, Stephanie Rist, Emmanuel Andres, Anne Contis, Emmanuel Chatelus, Christelle Sordet, Jean Sibilia, Cecile Arnold, Mira Y. Tawk, Ouafaa Aberkane, Lise Holterbach, Patrice Cacoub, Alain Saraux, Xavier Mariette, Nicolas Meyer, Jacques-Eric Gottenberg
Summary: This study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of targeting interleukin 6 receptor in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome-related systemic complications. However, the results showed that over 24 weeks of treatment, tocilizumab did not improve systemic involvement and symptoms in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
W. Timothy Garvey, Juan P. Frias, Ania M. Jastreboff, Carel W. le Roux, Naveed Sattar, Diego Aizenberg, Huzhang Mao, Shuyu Zhang, Nadia N. Ahmad, Mathijs C. Bunck, Imane Benabbad, Xiaotian M. Zhang
Summary: This study assessed the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide, a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, for weight management in individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes. The results showed that once-weekly tirzepatide treatment significantly reduced bodyweight and achieved clinically meaningful weight loss, with a safety profile comparable to other weight management therapies.
Article
Oncology
Dean A. Fennell, Sean Ewings, Christian Ottensmeier, Raffaele Califano, Gerard G. Hanna, Kayleigh Hill, Sarah Danson, Nicola Steele, Mavis Nye, Lucy Johnson, Joanne Lord, Calley Middleton, Peter Szlosarek, Sam Chan, Aarti Gaba, Liz Darlison, Peter Wells-Jordan, Cathy Richards, Charlotte Poile, Jason F. Lester, Gareth Griffiths
Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy and safety of nivolumab in patients with pleural or peritoneal malignant mesothelioma who had progressed following platinum-based chemotherapy. Nivolumab showed improved progression-free survival and overall survival compared to placebo in these patients, with manageable treatment-related adverse events. The results suggest that nivolumab might be a beneficial treatment for patients with malignant mesothelioma who have progressed on first-line therapy.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pedro M. Machado, Michael P. McDermott, Thomas Blaettler, Claus Sundgreen, Anthony A. Amato, Emma Ciafaloni, Miriam Freimer, Summer B. Gibson, Sarah M. Jones, Todd D. Levine, Thomas E. Lloyd, Tahseen Mozaffar, Aziz Shaibani, Matthew Wicklund, Anders Rosholm, Tim Dehli Carstensen, Karen Bonefeld, Anders Norkaer Jorgensen, Karina Phonekeo, Andrew J. Heim, Laura Herbelin, Richard J. Barohn, Michael G. Hanna, Mazen M. Dimachkie
Summary: Arimoclomol did not show efficacy in individuals with inclusion body myositis compared to placebo, but it had an acceptable safety profile. This study provides valuable data on disease progression for future clinical trial designs in inclusion body myositis.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David C. W. Lau, Lars Erichsen, Ann Marie Francisco, Altynai Satylganova, Carel W. le Roux, Barbara McGowan, Sue D. Pedersen, Kirsi H. Pietilainen, Domenica Rubino, Rachel L. Batterham
Summary: The study evaluated the dose-response relationship of cagrilintide in weight management, showing significant reductions in body weight in overweight and obese individuals with good tolerability.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Evan S. Dellon, Kathryn A. Peterson, Benjamin L. Mitlyng, Alina Iuga, Christine E. Bookhout, Lindsay M. Cortright, Kacie B. Walker, Timothy S. Gee, Sarah J. McGee, Brenderia A. Cameron, Joseph A. Galanko, John T. Woosley, Swathi Eluri, Susan E. Moist, Ikuo Hirano
Summary: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of mepolizumab in improving dysphagia symptoms and reducing esophageal eosinophil counts in EoE. The results showed that mepolizumab significantly decreased symptoms and eosinophil counts within 3 months, but longer treatment did not yield additional improvement.
Article
Respiratory System
Dave Singh, Jutta Beier, Carol Astbury, Maria G. Belvisi, Carla A. Da Silva, Alexandra Jauhiainen, Eulalia Jimenez, Alejhandra Lei, Sofia Necander, Jaclyn A. Smith, Ulrika Wahlby Hamren, Wenjing Xin, Ioannis Psallidas
Summary: Navafenterol, a new bronchodilator for COPD treatment, was found to improve lung function and alleviate COPD symptoms similar to an established bronchodilator, with good safety profile.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David C. Currow, Paul Glare, Sandra Louw, Peter Martin, Katherine Clark, Belinda Fazekas, Meera R. Agar
Summary: This study compared megestrol acetate and dexamethasone for their effects on appetite in cancer patients with anorexia, finding similar improvements in appetite with both drugs. Treatment emergent adverse events were frequent, including altered mood and insomnia, indicating caution should be used when prescribing these medications.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Arvind Dasari, Sara Lonardi, Rocio Garcia-Carbonero, Elena Elez, Takayuki Yoshino, Alberto Sobrero, James Yao, Pilar Garcia-Alfonso, Judit Kocsis, Antonio Cubillo Gracian, Andrea Sartore-Bianchi, Taroh Satoh, Violaine Randrian, Jiri Tomasek, Geoff Chong, Andrew Scott Paulson, Toshiki Masuishi, Jeremy Jones, Tibor Csoszi, Chiara Cremolini, Francois Ghiringhelli, Ardaman Shergill, Howard S. Hochster, John Krauss, Ali Bassam, Michel Ducreux, Anneli Elme, Laurence Faugeras, Stefan Kasper, Eric Van Cutsem, Dirk Arnold, Shivani Nanda, Zhao Yang, William R. Schelman, Marek Kania, Josep Tabernero, Cathy Eng
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of fruquintinib, a highly selective and potent oral inhibitor of VEGFRs 1, 2, and 3, in patients with advanced, chemotherapy-refractory colorectal cancer. The results showed that fruquintinib significantly prolonged overall survival compared to placebo in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer, with clinical significance. Therefore, fruquintinib could become a global treatment option for patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Martina Schneider, Marivic Narciso-Abraham, Sandra Hadl, Robert Mcmahon, Sebastian Toepfer, Ulrike Fuchs, Romana Hochreiter, Annegret Bitzer, Karin Kosulin, Julian Larcher-Senn, Robert Mader, Katrin Dubischar, Oliver Zoihsl, Juan-Carlos Jaramillo, Susanne Eder-Lingelbach, Vera Buerger, Nina Wressnigg
Summary: This study investigated the safety and immunogenicity of the live-attenuated vaccine candidate VLA1553 for chikungunya virus. The results showed that a single dose of VLA1553 induced a strong immune response and generated seroprotective antibody levels in almost all vaccinated participants. The vaccine was well tolerated and had a favorable safety profile.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ingrid Myrvoll Lorentzen, Jacob Espenes, Erik Hessen, Knut Waterloo, Geir Brathen, Santiago Timon, Dag Aarsland, Tormod Fladby, Bjorn-Eivind Kirsebom
Summary: The study developed regression-based norms for the FAS phonemic fluency test and found that years of education was the only significant predictor of test performance. The proposed norms provided a more accurate adjustment for demographics in the Norwegian population compared to American norms.
APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cari M. Kitahara, Dagrun Slettebo Daltveit, Anders Ekbom, Anders Engeland, Mika Gissler, Ingrid Glimelius, Tom Grotmol, Ylva Trolle Lagerros, Laura Madanat-Harjuoja, Tuija Mannisto, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Rebecca Troisi, Tone Bjorge
Summary: Thyroid cancer incidence is higher in women than men, especially during the reproductive years, for reasons that remain poorly understood. Perinatal characteristics, such as older age at first pregnancy and postpartum hemorrhage, are associated with increased thyroid cancer risk in mothers. However, being unmarried/noncohabiting, maternal smoking, and preterm birth are associated with reduced risk in mothers.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Dag Aarsland, Khadija Khalifa, Anne K. Bergland, Hogne Soennesyn, Ketil Oppedal, Lise B. A. Holteng, Ragnhild Oesterhus, Arne Nakling, Jonas A. Jarholm, Chiara de Lucia, Tormod Fladby, Helen Brooker, Ingvild Dalen, Clive Ballard
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of anthocyanins, a nutritional compound, in maintaining cognitive functioning in older people. The 24-week trial on 206 participants with mild cognitive impairment or cardiometabolic disorders showed that anthocyanin supplementation was safe and well-tolerated. Although there was no significant group difference in episodic memory at the end of the study, there were significant differences in slopes during weeks 8-24, with improvement in the anthocyanin group and deterioration in the placebo group.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dagrun Slettebo Daltveit, Kari Klungsoyr, Anders Engeland, Anders Ekbom, Mika Gissler, Ingrid Glimelius, Tom Grotmol, Laura Madanat-Harjuoja, Anne Gulbech Ording, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Rebecca Troisi, Tone Bjorge
Summary: This study found an association between childhood cancer and birth defects, with a stronger association observed among females. However, birth defects did not fully explain the differences in childhood cancer risk by sex, suggesting the involvement of other biological pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Oleg O. Glebov, David Williamson, Dylan M. Owen, Tibor Hortobagyi, Claire Troakes, Dag Aarsland
NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ingvild Vollo Eliassen, Bjorn-Eivind Kirsebom, Tormod Fladby, Knut Waterloo, Sigrid Botne Sando, Mathilde Suhr Hemminghyth, Dag Aarsland, Santiago Timon-Reina, Anders Wallin, Fredrik Ohman, Marie Eckerstrom, Erik Hessen
Summary: This study aimed to develop 2-year cognitive change norms for adults aged 41-84 and evaluated these norms in groups with AD biomarkers. The results showed that the group with cognitive complaints exhibited a trend of cognitive decline, with the A+T/N+ subgroup showing the most significant decline.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hilde Ridderseth, Dagrun Slettebo Daltveit, Bjorg Eli Hollund, Jorunn Kirkeleit, Hans Kromhout, Kirsti Kruger, Kari Aasbo, Magne Bratveit
Summary: This study aimed to assess short-term benzene exposure from common work tasks on offshore installations in Norway and identify determinants of exposure. The highest exposure was observed during pipeline inspection gauge (PIG) operation, and task-based benzene exposure declined annually from 2002 to 2018.
ANNALS OF WORK EXPOSURES AND HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Gavin R. Stewart, Anne Corbett, Clive Ballard, Byron Creese, Dag Aarsland, Adam Hampshire, Helen Brooker, Rebecca A. Charlton, Francesca Happe
Summary: Cognitive differences in memory, information processing speed, and executive functions are common in autistic and high autistic trait populations. Older adults with high autistic traits experience more difficulties in memory, IPS, and EF tasks compared to those with low autistic traits. Further research is needed to examine age-related changes in cognitive profiles of older adults with autism traits.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Marianna Rogowska, Mary Thornton, Byron Creese, Latha Velayudhan, Dag Aarsland, Clive Ballard, Konstantinos Tsamakis, Robert Stewart, Christoph Mueller
Summary: Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in patients with dementia and can lead to distress, rapid disease progression, and higher mortality. Non-pharmacological management should be the first-line treatment, but if medications are necessary, second-generation antipsychotics are commonly used. However, antipsychotic use in dementia is associated with adverse outcomes such as increased mortality, pneumonia, and cerebrovascular events. The risks are influenced by various factors, making individualized treatment decisions challenging. Close monitoring and early withdrawal of pharmacotherapy when possible can help mitigate these risks.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Oleg O. Glebov, Christoph Mueller, Robert Stewart, Dag Aarsland, Gayan Perera
Summary: A retrospective study found that antidepressant drugs, especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, may reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection. However, the study was limited to a cohort of mental health outpatients and further prospective studies are needed to validate their potential preventative effect.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Cristian Berceanu, Ionut Banu, Bettina S. Husebo, Monica Patrascu
Summary: This article proposes a predictive agent-based crowd simulation model to analyze the outcomes of emergency evacuation scenarios, taking into account collisions between pedestrians, smoke, fire sprinklers, and exit indicators. The crowd model is based on a decentralized control system structure, where each pedestrian agent is governed through a deliberative-reactive control architecture. Results show that the crowd simulation model based on agent autonomy and local interactions is able to generate higher level crowd dynamics through emergence.
IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zsofia Csajbok, Dag Aarsland, Pavla Cermakova
Summary: This epidemiological study aimed to explore the temporal relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive function. The results demonstrated a bidirectional association between the two, with cognitive function initially having a slightly stronger impact on depressive symptoms, and depressive symptoms having a stronger impact on cognitive function during follow-up. However, within-person effects showed a dominant influence of depressive symptoms on cognitive function.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Sara Pisani, Brandon Gunasekera, Yining Lu, Miriam Vignando, Dominic Ffytche, Dag Aarsland, K. Ray Chaudhuri, Clive Ballard, Jee-Young Lee, Yu Kyeong Kim, Latha Velayudhan, Sagnik Bhattacharyya
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis of MRI studies to explore the neuroanatomical alterations underlying psychosis in Parkinson's Disease (PDP). The results revealed widespread grey matter volume loss in the parieto-temporo-occipital regions of PDP patients, which was associated with the expression of serotonergic receptor genes (5-HT1a and 5-HT2a), but not dopaminergic receptors.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dagrun Slettebo Daltveit, Kari Klungsoyr, Anders Engeland, Anders Ekbom, Mika Gissler, Ingrid Glimelius, Tom Grotmol, Laura Madanat-Harjuoja, Anne Gulbech Ording, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Rebecca Troisi, Tone Bjorge
Summary: A new study using nationwide health registries in four Nordic countries found that individuals with siblings who have birth defects have an increased risk of developing cancer, especially childhood cancer. These findings suggest common aetiologies between birth defects and cancer, such as shared genetic predisposition and environmental factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Melanie Le Sayec, Diogo Carregosa, Khadija Khalifa, Chiara de Lucia, Dag Aarsland, Claudia N. Santos, Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
Summary: This study investigated the presence of (poly)phenol and methylxanthine metabolites in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid from individuals at risk of dementia and predicted their transport mechanism across the blood-brain barrier using in silico modeling. The results suggest that (poly)phenols and methylxanthines can cross the blood-brain barrier via passive diffusion or transport carriers to exert neuroprotective effects.