Towards predictive modeling of crystallization fouling: A pseudo-dynamic approach

In this work, a new computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is developed to characterize a crystallization fouling process mathematically. The introduced method incorporates a pseudo-dynamic scheme where the dynamic fouling process is approximated as a set of sequential steady-state processes taken place in a continuously varying geometric domain. This unique approach allows the characterization of mass, momentum and heat conservations of a continuous flow of liquid over a growing fouling layer. Dynamic evolution of the fouling layer surface (even with a complex shape) and its intricate interactions with hydrodynamics and fouling kinetics can then be rigorously taken into account. The introduced model was validated using the experimental data for a calcium sulphate fouling system. Furthermore, the effects of the solution chemistry and operating conditions on fouling resistance evolution were quantified through a comprehensive parametric study. As a predictive tool, this model could be especially useful for the identification of effective fouling mitigation or even elimination strategies. (C) 2014 The Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.