Journal
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 46, Issue 11, Pages 1844-1856Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10439-018-2084-9
Keywords
Musculoskeletal modeling; Cervical spine kinematics; Anthropometry; Neck loads
Categories
Funding
- Office Ergonomics Research Committee
- National Science Foundation (CBET) [0748303]
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys [0748303] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Spine musculoskeletal models used to estimate loads and displacements require many simplifying assumptions. We examined how assumptions about subject size and vertebral positions can affect the model outcomes. Head and neck models were developed to represent 30 subjects (15 males and 15 females) in neutral posture and in forward head postures adopted while using tablet computers. We examined the effects of (1) subject size-specific parameters for head mass and muscle strength; and (2) vertebral positions obtained either directly from X-ray or estimated from photographs. The outcome metrics were maximum neck extensor muscle moment, gravitational moment of the head, and gravitational demand, the ratio between gravitational moment and maximum muscle moment. The estimates of maximum muscle moment, gravitational moment and gravitational demand were significantly different when models included subject-specific vertebral positions. Outcome metrics of models that included subject-specific head and neck size were not significantly different from generic models on average, but they had significant sex differences. This work suggests that developing models from X-rays rather than photographs has a large effect on model predictions. Moreover, size-specific model parameters may be important to evaluate sex differences in neck musculoskeletal disorders.
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