Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mercy Jelagat Karoney, Mathew Kirtptonui Koech, Evangeline Wawira Njiru, Willis Dixon Owino Ong'or
Summary: TDF is a widely used anti-retroviral therapy drug, but it can cause proximal tubular renal dysfunction. This study found a higher prevalence of proximal tubular renal dysfunction in patients on TDF treatment, but no significant difference in overall renal function.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Nicole Pribut, Michael D'Erasmo, Madhuri Dasari, Kyle E. Giesler, Sabrina Iskandar, Savita K. Sharma, Perry W. Bartsch, Akshay Raghuram, Anatoliy Bushnev, Soyon S. Hwang, Samantha L. Burton, Cynthia A. Derdeyn, Adriaan E. Basson, Dennis C. Liotta, Eric J. Miller
Summary: Tenofovir (TFV) is a key drug in HIV/AIDS treatment, with its prodrug TXL originally designed to address metabolic issues but facing substantial hepatic extraction in clinical studies.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Freeman W. Chabala, Edward D. Siew, Wilbroad Mutale, Lloyd Mulenga, Aggrey Mweemba, Fastone Goma, Njeleka Banda, Patrick Kaonga, William C. Wester, Douglas C. Heimburger, Muktar H. Aliyu, Derick Munkombwe
Summary: This study conducted a prospective observational cohort study in Zambia to identify individuals at high risk for experiencing AKI after initiating TDF-based therapy. Baseline characteristics and renal function biomarkers were found to predict the risk for AKD within the first 3 months of TDF-based therapy.
Article
Microbiology
Yu-Shan Huang, Chien-Yu Cheng, Hsin-Yun Sun, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Po-Liang Lu, Chen-Hsiang Lee, Yuan-Ti Lee, Hung-Chin Tsai, Chia-Jui Yang, Chun-Eng Liu, Bo-Huang Liou, Shih-Ping Lin, Sung-Hsi Huang, Mao-Wang Ho, Hung-Jen Tang, Chien-Ching Hung
Summary: Data on the durability of TAF-containing antiretroviral therapy in maintaining HBV viral suppression among HIV/HBV-coinfected patients are limited. This study filled the gap by enrolling 274 participants and assessing viral loads and serology markers through 96 weeks. Results showed high rates of viral suppression and improvements in renal parameters, while fasting lipids increased and BMD stabilized at 96 weeks after the switch.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Lucy Campbell, Birgit Barbini, Keith Burling, Ben Cromarty, Lisa Hamzah, Margaret Johnson, Rachael Jones, Amanda Samarawickrama, Deborah Williams, Alan Winston, Frank A. Post
Summary: In this study, 31 participants with a history of TDF-associated PRT were treated with TAF for 96 weeks, showing no recurrent PRT or significant adverse effects. While there were small declines in eGFR-creatinine for some participants, no significant changes were observed in eGFR-cystatin C. Additionally, no significant changes were seen in other kidney biomarkers, bone turnover, or BMD after TAF treatment.
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Hyung Joon Yim, Ji Hoon Kim, Yong Kyun Cho, Young Oh Kweon, Hyun Chin Cho, Jae Seok Hwang, Changhyeong Lee, Moon Soo Koh, Yang-Hyun Baek, Young-Min Park, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Seung Up Kim, Min-Kyu Kang, Neung Hwa Park, June Sung Lee, Young Eun Chon, Gab Jin Cheon, Hee Bok Chae, Joo Hyun Sohn, Young-Suk Lim
Summary: The study evaluated the antiviral effects and safety of switching from TDF to TD treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B. TD was non-inferior to TDF in maintaining viral suppression in CHB patients, with less impact on renal function.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Onyema Ogbuagu, Peter J. Ruane, Daniel Podzamczer, Laura C. Salazar, Keith Henry, David M. Asmuth, David Wohl, Richard Gilson, Yongwu Shao, Ramin Ebrahimi, Stephanie Cox, Alexander Kintu, Christoph Carter, Moupali Das, Jared M. Baeten, Diana M. Brainard, Gary Whitlock, Jason M. Brunetta, Gitte Kronborg, Christoph D. Spinner
Summary: The study shows that emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide is non-inferior and even superior in some aspects compared to emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in preventing HIV infection among adult cisgender men and transgender women at high risk. Additionally, it demonstrates the safety and efficacy of long-term pre-exposure prophylaxis with emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Somila Mateza, Yuki Bradford, Gary Maartens, Simiso Sokhela, Nomathemba C. Chandiwana, Willem D. F. Venter, Frank A. Post, Marylyn D. Ritchie, David W. Haas, Phumla Sinxadi
Summary: Polymorphisms in the ABCC4 gene were found to be associated with changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine beta 2-microglobulin/creatinine levels among HIV-positive individuals in South Africa. A polymorphism in the COL27A1 gene was also significantly associated with changes in eGFR.
PHARMACOGENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Laura Else, Sujan D. Penchala, Azure-Dee Pillay, Thabiso B. Seiphetlo, Limakatso Lebina, Christian Callebaut, Suks Minhas, Roland Morley, Tina Rashid, Neil Martinson, Julie Fox, Saye Khoo, Carolina Herrera
Summary: This study assessed the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic profile of tenofovir and tenofovir alafenamide in foreskin tissue. The results showed that tenofovir alafenamide had greater potency against penile HIV transmission than tenofovir.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nicholas I. Paton, Joseph Musaazi, Cissy Kityo, Stephen Walimbwa, Anne Hoppe, Apolo Balyegisawa, Arvind Kaimal, Grace Mirembe, Phionah Tukamushabe, Gilbert Ategeka, James Hakim, Henry Mugerwa, Abraham Siika, Jesca Asienzo, Barbara Castelnuovo, Agnes Kiragga, Andrew Kambugu
Summary: This study conducted in seven sub-Saharan African countries compared the efficacy of dolutegravir versus darunavir and tenofovir versus zidovudine as second-line treatment for patients with failed initial HIV-1 treatment. Results showed that dolutegravir was noninferior to darunavir, and tenofovir was noninferior to zidovudine in achieving viral suppression at 48 weeks.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Paul E. Sax, Jose R. Arribas, Chloe Orkin, Adriano Lazzarin, Anton Pozniak, Edwin DeJesus, Franco Maggiolo, Hans-Joergen Stellbrink, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Rima Acosta, Hailin Huang, Jason T. Hindman, Hal Martin, Jared M. Baeten, David Wohl
Summary: This study evaluated the long-term efficacy and safety of B/F/TAF in HIV-1 treatment. The results showed that B/F/TAF maintained high rates of virologic suppression over 5 years, with no treatment-emergent resistance and rare drug discontinuations due to adverse events.
Review
Immunology
Geoffroy Liegeon
Summary: Oral tenofovir disoproxil-FTC for HIV PrEP appears to be safe and well tolerated in adults. Adverse gastrointestinal events are common but usually resolve within weeks. A slight decline in renal function and bone mineral density may occur, but these effects tend to resolve after discontinuation. There are no reported drug interactions with contraception in women, and no safety concerns in pregnant and breastfeeding women.
CURRENT OPINION IN HIV AND AIDS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gabriel Souza-Silva, Clessius Ribeiro Souza, Cintia Aparecida de Jesus Pereira, Walter dos Santos Lima, Marcos Paulo Gomes Mol, Micheline Rosa Silveira
Summary: TDF, a drug used in HIV treatment, has been found in surface water. This study aimed to evaluate the potential toxic effects of TDF on the mollusk Biomphalaria glabrata. The results showed that TDF was toxic to the mollusk's hemocytes, but did not reduce its survival.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bernard Surial, Catrina Mugglin, Alexandra Calmy, Matthias Cavassini, Huldrych F. Gunthard, Marcel Stockle, Enos Bernasconi, Patrick Schmid, Philip E. Tarr, Hansjakob Furrer, Bruno Ledergerber, Gilles Wandeler, Andri Rauch
Summary: This study showed that replacing TDF with TAF is associated with adverse metabolic changes, including weight gain, development of obesity, and worsened serum lipid levels.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jinlin Hou, Qin Ning, Zhongping Duan, You Chen, Qing Xie, Fu-Sheng Wang, Lunli Zhang, Shanming Wu, Hong Tang, Jun Li, Feng Lin, Yongfeng Yang, Guozhong Gong, John F. Flaherty, Anuj Gaggar, Shuyuan Mo, Cong Cheng, Gregory Camus, Chengwei Chen, Yan Huang, Jidong Jia, Mingxiang Zhang
Summary: In Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B, TAF treatment demonstrated efficacy similar to TDF after 3 years, but with improved renal and bone safety.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nuria Martinez-Gil, Neus Roca-Ayats, Monica Cozar, Natalia Garcia-Giralt, Diana Ovejero, Xavier Nogues, Daniel Grinberg, Susanna Balcells
Summary: This study assessed the functionality of two variants of SOST and investigated the physical interactors of the SOST proximal promoter region in bone cells. Results showed that these variants affected the expression of SOST and had physical contacts with far-reaching genomic sequences.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marina Vogel-Gonzalez, Marc Tallo-Parra, Victor Herrera-Fernandez, Gemma Perez-Vilaro, Miguel Chilton, Xavier Nogues, Silvia Gomez-Zorrilla, Inmaculada Lopez-Montesinos, Isabel Arnau-Barres, Maria Luisa Sorli-Redo, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Natalia Garcia-Giralt, Julio Pascual, Juana Diez, Ruben Vicente, Robert Guerri-Fernandez
Summary: This study found a correlation between serum zinc levels and COVID-19 outcomes, with serum zinc levels lower than 50 μg/dL at admission correlating with worse clinical presentation, longer time to reach stability, and higher mortality. In vitro results showed that low zinc levels favor viral expansion in SARS-CoV-2 infected cells.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Guillem Deus, Silvia Gomez-Zorrilla, Daniel Echeverria-Esnal, Ana Siverio, Robert Guerri-Fernandez, Jesus Ares, Nuria Campillo, Emili Letang, Hernando Knobel, Santiago Grau, Juan Pablo Horcajada
Summary: This case report describes an atypical case of osteoarticular cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent patient, treated with antifungal therapy without surgical debridement and monitoring of fluconazole plasma concentrations. The patient also underwent fluconazole desensitization due to toxidermia. This treatment regimen may help reduce hospital stay and associated complications.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Maria Ema Molas, Hernando Knobel, Olivia Ferrandez, Marta de Antonio Cusco, Nuria Carballo Martinez, Cristina Rodriguez Caba, Sonia Luque, Ana Guelar, Silvia Castaneda Espinosa, Santiago Grau
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the degree of satisfaction and acceptability of the Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) based on community pharmacy support (ARTCP) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that HIV patients had a high degree of satisfaction with the ARTCP model, with many benefits reported such as proximity to home and reduced risk of COVID-19 infection. Only a small percentage of patients reported disadvantages associated with ARTCP.
REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Natalia Garcia-Giralt, Neus Roca-Ayats, Josep F. Abril, Nuria Martinez-Gil, Diana Ovejero, Santos Castaneda, Xavier Nogues, Daniel Grinberg, Susanna Balcells, Raquel Rabionet
Summary: Atypical femoral fractures (AFF) are rare fragility fractures in the subtrochanteric or diaphysis femoral region associated with long-term bisphosphonate (BP) treatment. Genetic analysis identified multiple genes, including DAAM2 and LRP5, as being associated with AFF. Gene interaction analysis revealed a complex network among bone-related genes and other mutated genes. Biological function analysis highlighted cytoskeleton and cilium organization as potentially relevant to AFF.
Article
Immunology
Inmaculada Lopez Montesinos, Itziar Arrieta-Aldea, Aitor Dicastillo, Flavio Zuccarino, Luisa Sorli, Roberto Guerri-Fernandez, Isabel Arnau-Barres, Maria Milagro Montero, Ana Siverio-Pares, Xavier Duran, Maria del Mar Arenas, Ariadna Brase Arnau, Esperanza Canas-Ruano, Silvia Castaneda, Ignacio Domingo Kamber, Joan Gomez-Junyent, Ivan Pelegrin, Francisca Sanchez Martinez, Elena Sendra, Lucia Suaya Leiro, Judit Villar-Garcia, Xavier Nogues, Santiago Grau, Hernando Knobel, Silvia Gomez-Zorrilla, Juan Pablo Horcajada
Summary: COVID-19 cases had higher disease severity and mortality, as well as longer hospital stays and higher costs compared to influenza cases requiring supplemental oxygen.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jade Soldado-Folgado, Juan Jose Chillaron, Esperanza Canas-Ruano, Itziar Arrieta-Aldea, Alicia Gonzalez-Mena, Fabiola Blasco-Hernando, Hernando Knobel, Natalia Garcia-Giralt, Robert Guerri-Fernandez
Summary: This study assessed the bone health of long-term non-progressors (LTNPs) with HIV infection and found that they have worse bone tissue quality and a different inflammatory profile compared to HIV progressors and HIV-negative individuals, indicating that HIV infection itself has a negative effect on bone tissue through persistent inflammation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Anna Martin Vilardell, Vanesa Cantillo Alzamora, Luana Vittoria Bauso, Cristina Madrid, Pavel Krakhmalev, Mihaela Albu, Ina Yadroitsava, Igor Yadroitsev, Natalia Garcia-Giralt
Summary: In situ-alloyed Ti6Al4V(ELI)-3at.%Cu was successfully manufactured by laser powder bed fusion. Stress relieving and annealing treatments resulted in microstructural changes, with an increase in β phase and CuTi2 intermetallic precipitates. The increase in Cu ions release from the β phase led to antibacterial behavior and inhibited biofilm formation.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL BIOMATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Pablo Acin, Sonia Luque, Isaac Subirana, Joan Vila, Xenia Fernandez-Sala, Ana Guelar, Marta de Antonio-Cusco, Itziar Arrieta, Hernando Knobel
Summary: A scoring tool was developed to predict nonadherence in HIV patients starting antiretroviral therapy (ART). Patient-related factors that predict nonadherence, such as prejudice, appointment failures, cultural barriers, alcohol and substance abuse, unstable housing, and mental illness, were identified. The tool showed high sensitivity and specificity in predicting nonadherence, and could be used to optimize resources and achieve treatment goals.
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jorge Palacio-Vieira, Sergio Moreno-Fornes, Yesika Diaz, Jordi Aceiton, Andreu K. Bruguera, Daniel M. Nomah, Josep Llibre, Hernando Knobel, Ivan Chivite, Jose M. Miro, Pere Domingo, Paula Suanzes, Francisco Fanjul, Gemma Navarro, Lizza Macorigh, Arantzazu Mera, Jordi Casabona, Arkaitz Imaz, Juliana Reyes-Uruena
Summary: The characteristics of people living with HIV who are lost to follow-up have changed over time. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the rates of loss to follow-up, but the influencing factors remain similar. Epidemiological trends among people who are lost to follow-up can be utilized to prevent new losses of care and reduce barriers to achieving the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 95-95-95 targets.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jade Soldado-Folgado, Oriol Rins-Lozano, Itziar Arrieta-Aldea, Alicia Gonzale-Mena, Esperanza Canas-Ruano, Hernando Knobel, Natalia Garcia-Giralt, Robert Guerri-Fernandez
Summary: This pilot study aimed to assess the impact of switching from TDF to TAF ART on bone density and quality. The results showed an improvement in bone quality after switching to TAF treatment, while bone density remained unchanged. Therefore, TAF may have broader benefits for bone health beyond bone density.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Javier Meseguer-Donlo, Jade Soldado-Folgado, Juan Du, Alicia Gonzalez-Mena, Fabiola Blasco-Hernando, Esperanza Canas-Ruano, Xavier Nogues, Hernando Knobel, Natalia Garcia-Giralt, Robert Guerri-Fernandez
Summary: HIV infection leads to chronic inflammation and accelerated aging. This study found that circulating miRNAs in treatment-naive HIV-infected individuals were altered, and these alterations persisted after one year of treatment.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Julia Gutierrez-San-Juan, Itziar Arrieta-Aldea, Isabel Arnau-Barres, Greta Garcia-Escobar, Elisabet Lerma-Chipirraz, Paula Perez-Garcia, Agustin Marcos, Fabiola Blasco-Hernando, Alicia Gonzalez-Mena, Esperanza Canas, Hernando Knobel, Robert Guerri-Fernandez
Summary: This study investigated the main risk factors for neurocognitive disorders and frailty in HIV older adults. The results showed that low education level, a nadir CD4+ T-cell count < 350 cells/mm(3), and the presence of comorbidities were associated with an increased risk of neurocognitive disorders.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)