Review
Immunology
Yung Ting Hsiao, Ippei Shimizu, Yohko Yoshida, Tohru Minamino
Summary: Studies have shown that molecules in the blood of young mice can rejuvenate aged mice, making blood-based therapies a potential approach for age-related diseases. Blood contains various bioactive molecules, some of which change their concentration with chronological aging. Clinical, translational, and basic research have identified certain molecules as therapeutic targets, and the supplementation of circulating anti-aging molecules has shown promising results in preclinical studies. However, there is still inconsistency in the results of human trials. Both rodent and human studies suggest that circulating molecules can be biomarkers or therapeutic targets for pro-aging or anti-aging effects.
INFLAMMATION AND REGENERATION
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jenny L. Gonzalez-Armenta, Ning Li, Rae-Ling Lee, Baisong Lu, Anthony J. A. Molina
Summary: Heterochronic parabiosis models have been used to demonstrate the significant role of blood-borne circulating factors in the systemic effects of aging, particularly in impacting mitochondrial structure and function. Young heterochronic mice showed significantly lower mitochondrial content and respiration, while no significant improvements were observed in old heterochronic mice compared to old isochronic controls.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Matthew J. Yousefzadeh, Paul D. Robbins, Derek M. Huffman
Summary: Parabiosis is a valuable experimental method for studying the mechanisms of aging, particularly in differentiating cell autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms of aging, as well as evaluating the effects of specific aging hallmarks. The technique has shown that exposure to young blood can rejuvenate cells and tissues in old mice by suppressing or clearing senescent cells, while exposure to old blood can drive senescence in young mice through non-autonomous mechanisms.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Reinald Pamplona, Mariona Jove, Jose Gomez, Gustavo Barja
Summary: The study of aging has revealed various cellular mechanisms, such as mitochondrial ROS production and DNA modification and repair, that contribute to the rate of aging. However, loose coordination of aging rate among cells and tissues is necessary to ensure species lifespan. This article discusses lesser-known extracellular and systemic mechanisms, including parabiosis experiments and systemic factors like DAMPs, as well as proposed aging clocks situated at different levels of organization, that help to determine species longevity as an adaptation to the ecosystem.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaitlin K. Scholand, Alexis F. Mack, Gary U. Guzman, Michael E. Maniskas, Ritu Sampige, Gowthaman Govindarajan, Louise D. McCullough, Cintia S. de Paiva
Summary: Aging is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress in the lacrimal gland. Heterochronic parabiosis of mice was used to investigate age-related gland alterations. The results showed increased immune infiltration and inflammatory transcripts in aged glands compared to young glands, with sex-related differences. The study suggests that age-related changes in the gland's microenvironment perpetuate inflammation, which is not reversible by exposure to youthful systemic factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Rong Li, Yuxiang Liang, Bin Lin
Summary: The study identified tropomyosin 1 (TPM1) as a systemic pro-aging factor associated with functional deficits in normal aging retinas. The findings suggest that systemic factors regulate age-related inflammatory responses and dendritic sprouting in the aging retina, and that TPM1 may play a potential role in age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
Article
Immunology
Scott W. W. McPherson, Neal D. D. Heuss, Md. Abedin, Heidi Roehrich, Mark J. J. Pierson, Dale S. S. Gregerson
Summary: This study reveals a unique aspect of retinal autoimmunity by analyzing the origin of antigen presenting cells associated with autoimmune uveoretinitis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Ulfet Farisoglu, Ozlem Balcioglu, Barcin Ozcem, Ali Onder Kilic, Gizem Soyler, Seher Nasircilar Ulker, Gunnur Kocer
Summary: This study investigates the effect of parabiosis method on endothelial dysfunction in naturally aging mice and suggests that the parabiosis model may have an improving effect on endothelial dysfunction seen in aging.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amal Kassab, Nasser Rizk, Satya Prakash
Summary: Advances in aging studies suggest that aging might be a reversible process affected by changes in the systemic environment. Current research mainly focuses on the involvement of shared organs and circulating factors, lacking a clear understanding of the chronological development of aging and a unified platform for evaluating rejuvenation methods.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Yushi Suzuki, Kento Takaya, Shiho Watanabe, Marika Otaki, Hikaru Kono, Kazuo Kishi
Summary: The study on heterochronic parabiosis showed that the rejuvenation effect of younger animals on older animals may not necessarily be better with younger age.
Review
Cell Biology
Jiayu Li, Yanguo Xin, Zhaojia Wang, Jingye Li, Weiping Li, Hongwei Li
Summary: Advancements in longevity research have shed light on the impact of cardiac aging on the heart's structure and function. Macrophages play a crucial role in cardiac tissue and demonstrate varied functions in response to injury. This review aims to summarize the roles and characteristics of different subsets of cardiac macrophages in various conditions.
Article
Oncology
Xiaolei Cheng, Dongdong Jian, Junyue Xing, Cihang Liu, Yong Liu, Cunying Cui, Zhen Li, Shixing Wang, Ran Li, Xiaohan Ma, Yingying Wang, Xiaoping Gu, Zhenwei Ge, Hao Tang, Lin Liu
Summary: This study discovered a group of circulating miRNAs associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and identified their important role in regulating myocardial apoptosis and autophagy. These miRNAs could serve as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for DCM and provide new insights into the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of DCM.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Davis A. Englund, Ayumi E. Sakamoto, Chad M. Fritsche, Amanda A. Heeren, Xu Zhang, Brian R. Kotajarvi, Denise R. Lecy, Matthew J. Yousefzadeh, Marissa J. Schafer, Thomas A. White, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, Nathan K. LeBrasseur
Summary: This study demonstrates that a 12-week structured exercise program significantly improves physical function in older adults, while reducing the expression of key markers of the senescence program and circulating concentrations of senescence-related proteins. Levels of senescence-related proteins at baseline are predictive of changes in physical function in response to the exercise intervention.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Cecilia Castro-Diehl, Rebecca J. Song, Douglas B. Sawyer, Kai C. Wollert, Gary F. Mitchell, Susan Cheng, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Vanessa Xanthakis
Summary: Circulating vascular growth factors are associated with cardiac remodeling indices, with GDF-15 concentration positively correlated with LVMi, sTie2 concentration positively correlated with E/e', and IGF-1 and Ang-2 showing positive and negative associations with GLS, respectively. Additionally, sFlt1 and Ang-2 levels are negatively correlated with AoR.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hongxia Zhang, Siyang Lin, Christopher L. McElroy, Brian Wang, Dana Jin, Victor V. Uteshev, Kunlin Jin
Summary: This study suggests that the levels of proinflammatory mediators in serum exosomes increase with age and are associated with worsened stroke outcomes through excessive C3aR-dependent microglial phagoptosis. Modulation of this process may serve as a promising therapy for stroke and other age-related brain disorders.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Giovanni Cimmino, Stefano Conte, Laura Marra, Andrea Morello, Mariarosaria Morello, Gennaro De Rosa, Martino Pepe, Akhmetzhan Sugraliyev, Paolo Golino, Plinio Cirillo
Summary: Elevated plasma levels of uric acid may contribute to endothelial dysfunction by altering the antithrombotic characteristics of endothelial cells, potentially through an imbalance in tissue factor/tissue factor pathway inhibitor levels. These findings may explain, in part, the relationship observed between elevated plasma levels of uric acid and cardiovascular events.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Parisha Khan, Karshana Selvarajah, Sheena Gohel, Baldeep S. Sidhu, Antonio Cannata, Daniel Bromage, Theresa McDonagh, Francis Murgatroyd, Paul A. Scott
Summary: This single-centre retrospective study aimed to evaluate the incidence and prognostic significance of syncope in consecutive ICD patients. The results showed that syncope was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality and hospitalization, indicating its importance in the prognosis and healthcare of ICD patients.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Antonio Jordan-Rios, Vincenzo Nuzzi, Daniel Bromage, Theresa McDonagh, Gianfranco Sinagra, Antonio Cannata
Summary: In the last two years, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant changes in everyday life and healthcare systems. Besides the direct impact on mortality rates, there have been collateral damages including staff shortages, disrupted education, worsened well-being of healthcare professionals, and a lack of clinical training and research. This review emphasizes the importance of understanding these changes and adapting healthcare systems to prevent similar events in the future.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Cimmino, Francesco S. S. Loffredo, Gennaro De Rosa, Plinio Cirillo
Summary: Inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis and its thrombotic complications. Anti-inflammatory agents, such as colchicine, have shown promising results in improving cardiovascular outcomes. Colchicine, an ancient plant-derived drug, has been used to treat inflammatory diseases and is now being recognized for its potential effects in cardiovascular diseases. This review provides an overview of its anti-inflammatory mechanisms, its potential role in atherothrombosis, and an updated summary of clinical evidence in cardiovascular disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Ciccarelli, Stefano Conte, Giovanni Cimmino, Patrizia Maiorano, Andrea Morrione, Antonio Giordano
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a complex disease involving metabolic processes and inflammation. Despite improved therapies, a significant residual risk remains due to unmet therapeutic targets. Endothelial dysfunction and lipid infiltration are primary causes of atherosclerotic plaque progression. Mitochondrial dysfunction can affect arterial wall cells, leading to oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and intracellular lipid deposition. Evaluating mitochondrial defects through the detection and characterization of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is crucial, and mitochondria-targeting therapies show promise in treating atherosclerosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Cimmino, Stefano Conte, Domenico Palumbo, Simona Sperlongano, Michele Torella, Alessandro Della Corte, Paolo Golino
Summary: Currently, plaque complication and subsequent thrombosis are believed to be key factors in the occurrence of acute coronary syndromes (ACSs). Platelets play a major role in this process, and despite the progress made by new antithrombotic strategies, the mechanisms of platelet function remain largely unknown. However, recent research has improved our understanding of platelet activation and its interaction with the vascular wall, which may lead to new perspectives in the treatment of various thrombotic disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gautam Sen, Antonio Cannata, Daniel Bromage, Kristopher Knott, Stefania Rosmini
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Valerio Nardone, Maria Paola Belfiore, Marco De Chiara, Giuseppina De Marco, Vittorio Patane, Giovanni Balestrucci, Mauro Buono, Maria Salvarezza, Gaetano Di Guida, Domenico D'Angiolella, Roberta Grassi, Ida D'Onofrio, Giovanni Cimmino, Carminia Maria Della Corte, Antonio Gambardella, Floriana Morgillo, Fortunato Ciardiello, Alfonso Reginelli, Salvatore Cappabianca
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the damage to the heart caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using cardiac imaging. Patients will undergo computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and after treatment. The study will provide valuable insights into the timing and radiation dose required for pathological cardiac tissue changes to occur.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Plinio Cirillo, Giovanni Cimmino
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Antonio Cannata, Layla Badawy, Anawinla Ta Anyu, Jack Samways, Mark Sweeney, Antonio Jordan-Rios, Rosita Zakeri, Paul A. Scott, Susan Piper, Carla M. Plymen, Theresa A. McDonagh, Daniel I. Bromage
Summary: Specialist cardiology care improves prognosis in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but it is unknown whether this applies to heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFnEF). This study analyzed data on HFnEF patients and found that specialist cardiology input was associated with reduced in-hospital mortality.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Cimmino, Francesco Natale, Roberta Alfieri, Luigi Cante, Simona Covino, Rosa Franzese, Mirella Limatola, Luigi Marotta, Riccardo Molinari, Noemi Mollo, Francesco S. Loffredo, Paolo Golino
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are a major global health issue, causing death and reduced quality of life. Identifying and managing modifiable risk factors is crucial for prevention, but emerging factors have also impacted assessment.
Review
Biology
Roberta Bottino, Andreina Carbone, Tiziana Formisano, Saverio D'Elia, Massimiliano Orlandi, Simona Sperlongano, Daniele Molinari, Pasquale Castaldo, Alberto Palladino, Consiglia Barbareschi, Salvatore Tolone, Ludovico Docimo, Giovanni Cimmino
Summary: Obesity is a global epidemic due to lifestyle changes, and it is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly type 2 diabetes. Bariatric surgery has been proven to reduce the occurrence of obesity-related cardiovascular diseases and overall mortality by inducing hormonal and metabolic changes. These surgical techniques not only result in weight loss but also provide metabolic improvement and cardiovascular benefits for patients.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Roman Roy, Antonio Cannata, Mohammad Al-Agil, Emma Ferone, Antonio Jordan, Brian To-Dang, Matthew Sadler, Aamir Shamsi, Mohammad Albarjas, Susan Piper, Mauro Giacca, Ajay M. Shah, Theresa Mcdonagh, Daniel Bromage, Paul A. Scott
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of different approaches for the diagnosis of acute myocarditis (AM). The findings indicate that ICD-10 codes have poor accuracy in identifying AM cases and should be used with caution in clinical research. The selection criteria used to diagnose AM can have important implications for patient management and outcomes. Standardization of inclusion criteria for AM studies is necessary.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-QUALITY OF CARE AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Han Naung Tun, Hafiza Khan, Daryna Chernikova, Yury Mareev, Santabhanu Chakrabarti, May Thant, Antonio Cannata
Summary: Cardiac conduction system pacing, including His bundle pacing (HBP) and left bundle area pacing (LBAP), provides physiological ventricular activation. While HBP offers a regular, narrow QRS, it has challenges such as difficult implantation and a higher risk of re-intervention. LBAP, on the other hand, provides optimum physiological activation of the left ventricle with easier implantation and better lead stability and pacing thresholds. Both HBP and LBAP are being explored as alternatives to conventional cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).
HEART FAILURE REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Caterina Monari, Daniele Molinari, Alessandro Cornelli, Loredana Alessio, Francesco Coppolino, Consiglia Barbareschi, Stefania De Pascalis, Michele Torella, Giovanni Cimmino, Marisa De Feo, Nicola Coppola, Tiziana Formisano
Summary: Multivalvular endocarditis is a rare infection that mainly affects the mitral and aortic valves and is associated with a higher risk of congestive heart failure and mortality. This case report describes an unusual case of bilateral endocarditis with multiple septic embolizations, which was successfully managed with a multidisciplinary approach. A review of similar clinical cases identified 21 reports of bilateral multivalvular endocarditis.
INFECTIOUS DISEASE REPORTS
(2023)
