Article
Microbiology
Noel T. Mueller, Moira K. Differding, Haipeng Sun, Jincheng Wang, Shira Levy, Varsha Deopujari, Lawrence J. Appel, Martin J. Blaser, Tanima Kundu, Ankit A. Shah, Maria Gloria Dominguez Bello, Suchitra K. Hourigan
Summary: Children delivered by elective C-section are not exposed to the birth canal and have altered microbiota development, which can affect their metabolic and immune programming and increase the risk of immune and metabolic diseases. Vaginal seeding can increase the transmission of maternal microbiota to neonates and cause changes in the composition and diversity of their skin and stool microbiota.
Article
Microbiology
Xing Yang, Xinyi Pan, Manchao Li, Zhi Zeng, Yanxian Guo, Panyu Chen, Xiaoyan Liang, Peigen Chen, Guihua Liu
Summary: This study revealed the adverse effects of potentially harmful microbes on the host endometrium in Cesarean section scar diverticulum (CSD). The mechanism of these effects includes inhibition of beneficial bacteria activity such as lactobacilli, consumption of protective endometrium metabolites, and production of harmful metabolites. From the perspectives of microbial, metabolic, and host responses, this study provides important insights to design preventive and therapeutic strategies for CSD.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Jassy Moore, Severine Navarro, Kate McCarthy, Ridwan B. Rashid, Simon Phipps, Akwasi Amoako, Leonie Callaway, Victoria Eley
Summary: With the increasing rates of cesarean section and the use of pre-incision antibiotics, neonatal exposure to antibiotics before birth is higher than ever. This review examines the protocols for intrapartum prophylactic antibiotics in cesarean section, the impact on neonatal intestinal microbiota, and the potential link to the development of allergic disease.
ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Charlotte Bernigaud, Martha Zakrzewski, Sara Taylor, Pearl M. Swe, Anthony T. Papenfuss, Kadaba S. Sriprakash, Deborah Holt, Olivier Chosidow, Bart J. Currie, Katja Fischer
Summary: The study used high-throughput whole-metagenome sequencing to explore the composition of the scabies-associated microbiome, revealing a microbial community dominated by Firmicutes phylum and genera such as Streptococcus and Staphylococcus. Assembly of the metagenome reads identified relevant genes for pathogenicity and antibiotics resistance. Confocal microscopy confirmed the presence of opportunistic pathogens A. baumannii, Streptococci, and S. aureus in the scabies mite gut and surrounding skin.
Article
Microbiology
Matthew G. Links, Tim J. Dumonceaux, E. Luke McCarthy, Sean M. Hemmingsen, Edward Topp, Jennifer R. Town
Summary: The study introduced a novel hybridization-based method (CaptureSeq) for profiling complex microbial communities using probes based on the chaperonin-60 gene. Results showed that CaptureSeq method generated a microbial profile that encompassed all of the bacteria and eukaryotes in the panel with greater reproducibility compared to 16S amplification, and provided greater depth of coverage and sensitivity of detection in natural ecosystems. The applications of CaptureSeq will facilitate accurate studies of host-microbiome interactions for environmental, crop, animal and human health.
Article
Microbiology
Gao Long, Yuting Hu, Enfu Tao, Bo Chen, Xiaoli Shu, Wei Zheng, Mizu Jiang
Summary: Cesarean section delivery significantly affects the composition and development of gut microbiota in infants, resulting in decreased relative abundance of certain bacteria and alterations in specific functional genes. The study findings provide new insights into strategies for preventing Cesarean section-related disorders in later life.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ben Caddey, Jeroen De Buck
Summary: By conducting a meta-analysis of 6 studies, it was found that members of Treponema, Mycoplasma, Porphyromonas, and Fusobacterium were consistently identified in the majority of DD lesions and were the best genera at differentiating DD lesions from normal skin. Individual study and 16S hypervariable region sequenced had a significant influence on final DD lesion microbial composition, indicating a need for further study on these bacteria in relation to DD pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jose Valverde-Molina, Luis Garcia-Marcos
Summary: The importance of the microbiome and the gut-lung axis in the development and persistence of asthma is currently being investigated. The colonization of microbes in the first three years of life, especially the first hundred days, plays a crucial role in determining health. Early microbial dysbiosis caused by factors such as cesarean delivery, artificial lactation, and antibiotic therapy have been associated with the later development of asthma in children.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna H. Lee, Amanda Manly, Tien S. Dong
Summary: Treating obesity is a challenging global issue that requires addressing both behavioral and biological needs. Recent research on the gut microbiome has provided insights into obesity and potential therapies. Microbial metabolites produced in the gut can affect the body's metabolic and behavioral responses to food, contributing to obesity. However, there are limitations in current research, primarily due to a lack of causal studies in humans.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muhammad Noman, Temoor Ahmed, Usman Ijaz, Muhammad Shahid, Azizullah, Dayong Li, Irfan Manzoor, Fengming Song
Summary: Local microbial communities play a crucial role in enhancing plant health by providing nutrients, promoting growth, and enhancing resistance to diseases and stress. Microbiome engineering is an emerging biotechnological strategy that can improve crop yield and resilience, helping to address various environmental constraints.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
L. Vanessa Hale
Summary: Vanessa L. Hale researches the role of the microbiome in disease susceptibility in animal and human health, reflecting on how two papers on gut microbes and disease susceptibility have laid the foundation for studying the drivers of gut microbial structure and change across host species in relation to evolution and disease risk.
Review
Microbiology
David Rios-Covian, Philippe Langella, Rebeca Martin
Summary: C-section delivery has been shown to disrupt the establishment of gut microbiota in infants, with potential long-term effects on host health including increased risk of early life infections and non-transmissible diseases. Strategies to reverse these disruptions are currently being developed and evaluated.
Article
Biology
Kyle J. Emerson, Samantha S. Fontaine, Kevin D. Kohl, Sarah K. Woodley
Summary: Understanding the effects of global climate change on the physiology of wildlife animals is important. This study investigated the impact of temperature and microbial environment on the neurodevelopment of green frog tadpoles and found that warmer temperatures and autoclaved pond water influenced brain mass and morphology. Furthermore, the study provided evidence for the existence of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in amphibians.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biology
Matthew J. Dalby
Summary: The role of gut microbiota in determining body fatness has received significant attention, but recent attempts to translate findings into humans have been unsuccessful. This review examines the mouse research that initiated this area of study and evaluates whether the results were supported by subsequent human studies.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Ko-Hsuan Chen, Jessica Nelson
Summary: Plant health depends not only on the condition of the plant itself, but also on the diverse community of microbes it harbors. Bryophytes, such as mosses and liverworts, are important model systems for studying plant evolution, development, physiology, and symbiotic interactions. Previous research focused on specific symbiont types for each bryophyte group, but recent studies have taken a broader view, acknowledging the coexistence of diverse microbial communities in bryophytes. This review integrates studies of bryophyte microbes from both perspectives to provide a holistic understanding of the existing research.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Noel T. Mueller, Mingyu Zhang, Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, Emily Oken, Marie-France Hivert, Jorge Chavarro
Summary: Cesarean delivery is associated with higher childhood BMI-z, but this association is not significant when cesarean delivery is preceded by spontaneous labor.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Noel T. Mueller, Moira K. Differding, Mingyu Zhang, Nisa M. Maruthur, Stephen P. Juraschek, Edgar R. Miller, Lawrence J. Appel, Hsin-Chieh Yeh
Summary: The study found that metformin treatment significantly altered gut microbiota composition at both 6 months and 12 months, while behavioral weight loss did not have the same effect. Additionally, both metformin and behavioral weight loss changed circulating SCFAs at 6 months, with an increase in acetate correlating with lower fasting insulin levels. Further research is needed to explore whether the gut microbiome mediates or modifies the health effects of metformin.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hsin-Chieh Yeh, Nisa M. Maruthur, Nae-Yuh Wang, Gerald J. Jerome, Arlene T. Dalcin, Eva Tseng, Karen White, Edgar R. Miller, Stephen P. Juraschek, Noel T. Mueller, Jeanne Charleston, Nowella Durkin, Ahmed Hassoon, Dina G. Lansey, Norma F. Kanarek, Michael A. Carducci, Lawrence J. Appel
Summary: This study found that metformin may have a short-term effect on reducing IGF-1 levels in cancer survivors with obesity, but this effect diminishes over time.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Curtis Tilves, Hsin-Chieh Yeh, Nisa Maruthur, Stephen P. Juraschek, Edgar R. Miller, Lawrence J. Appel, Noel T. Mueller
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a behavioral weight-loss intervention and metformin treatment on plasma LBP. The results showed that only the behavioral weight-loss intervention reduced LBP compared to control, indicating that lifestyle weight-loss interventions that promote a DASH diet may effectively reduce gut barrier permeability to lipopolysaccharides.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Curtis Tilves, Hsin-Chieh Yeh, Nisa Maruthur, Stephen P. Juraschek, Edgar Miller, Karen White, Lawrence J. Appel, Noel T. Mueller
Summary: The levels of butyrate in both serum and feces are associated with lowered blood pressure. Butyrate may serve as a target for interventions aimed at reducing blood pressure.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Mingyu Zhang, Tammy M. Brady, Jessie P. Buckley, Lawrence J. Appel, Xiumei Hong, Guoying Wang, Liming Liang, Xiaobin Wang, Noel T. Mueller
Summary: This study found that alterations in cord blood metabolome during infancy may be associated with the early life origins of hypertension, particularly related to acylcarnitine and purine metabolism.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Flavia Nathiely Silveira Fachel, Lariane Francio, Edina Poletto, Roselena Silvestri Schuh, Helder Ferreira Teixeira, Roberto Giugliani, Guilherme Baldo, Ursula Matte
Summary: This article reviews the clinical and molecular characteristics of lysosomal storage disorders, with a focus on mucopolysaccharidoses, and discusses the use of gene editing techniques to ameliorate their symptoms. Early results of clinical trials suggest that gene therapy may have a significant impact on the future treatment of these diseases, although hurdles related to specific hard-to-reach organs still need to be overcome.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuanxi Jia, Xuhao Yang, Lisa M. Wilson, Noel T. Mueller, Cynthia L. Sears, Glenn J. Treisman, Karen A. Robinson
Summary: This scoping review mapped the available evidence on the health impact of gut microbiota-derived metabolites. The study identified several metabolites that are associated with hepatobiliary disorders, colorectal cancer, and other digestive disorders. More prospective studies and clinical trials are needed to further understand the associations between metabolites and diseases.
Article
Biology
Gerda Cristal Villalba Silva, Thiago Steindorff, Roselena Silvestri Schuh, Natalia Cardoso Flores, Ursula Matte
Summary: This study aimed to identify drugs for treating cardiovascular disease in MPS patients and provided good practices for repositioning analysis. The results suggest that pirfenidone and colchicine are promising drug candidates.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Taylor M. Etzel, Jordan R. Kuiper, Xiaobin Wang, Noel T. Mueller, Antonia M. Calafat, Kim M. Cecil, Aimin Chen, Bruce P. Lanphear, Kimberly Yolton, Heidi J. Kalkwarf, Joseph M. Braun, Jessie P. Buckley
Summary: A prospective study found that early-life phthalate exposures may affect cardiometabolic outcomes during adolescence. The concentrations of nine phthalate metabolites in urine samples collected during pregnancy and childhood were associated with cardiometabolic biomarkers at age 12, with differences observed between males and females.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lariane Francio, Martiela V. de Freitas, Ursula Matte
Summary: The study reviewed the research progress of CRISPR/Cas system in South America, focusing on health-related applications. A total of 668 articles and 225 patents were found, with 192 articles analyzed in detail. Most studies targeted cancer, neurological, and endocrine disorders, while patents focused on inborn errors of metabolism, ophthalmological, hematological, and immunological disorders. No clinical trials involving Latin American countries were found.
ANAIS DA ACADEMIA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIAS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Marina Hentschke-Lopes, Mariana R. Botton, Pamella Borges, Martiela Freitas, Aline Castello Branco Mancuso, Ursula Matte
Summary: The off-label use of azithromycin, hydroxychloroquine, and ivermectin for COVID-19 treatment in Brazil without clinical or scientific evidence has been associated with increased adverse drug reactions (ADR). This study examined the correlation between the sales of these drugs and the reported ADRs during the pandemic. The results show that the increased and indiscriminate use of the COVID kit is correlated to a higher occurrence of ADRs.
CADERNOS DE SAUDE PUBLICA
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martiela Vaz de Freitas, Lariane Francio, Laura Haleva, Ursula da Silveira Matte
Summary: This article provides an overview of current clinical trials for gene therapies and approved gene therapy products. It discusses the influence of the immune system on gene therapy effectiveness and strategies to overcome these challenges. By hiding the vector and transgene product from the immune system, as well as combining strategies such as patient screening and intelligent vector design, gene therapy has the potential to make a difference in the lives of patients with severe genetic diseases.
GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gerda Cristal Villalba, Ursula Matte
Summary: Public databases are essential for the development of multi-omics resources, providing a systematic way to store and access biological data. These user-friendly databases facilitate data mining and information search for healthcare professionals.
GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Esteban Alberto Gonzalez, Santiago Alonso Tobar Leitao, Douglas dos Santos Soares, Angela Maria Vicente Tavares, Roberto Giugliani, Guilherme Baldo, Ursula Matte
Summary: MPS I, caused by mutations in the IDUA gene, leads to heart complications in patients. Studies suggest that losartan and propranolol can improve cardiac function in MPS I mice, potentially serving as adjunctive treatment options.
JOURNAL OF INHERITED METABOLIC DISEASE
(2021)