Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gerhild van Echten-Deckert
Summary: Lipids are essential components of the CNS, and sphingolipids, a type of lipid, are highly concentrated in the brain. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), derived from membrane sphingolipids, has complex effects on the brain, which can be both beneficial and detrimental. However, the role of S1P in brain development and various brain pathologies is still controversial.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Redona Hafizi, Faik Imeri, Roland H. Wenger, Andrea Huwiler
Summary: The research demonstrates that under normoxic conditions, S1P activates the S1P1 and S1P3 receptors in renal interstitial fibroblasts, promoting Epo production. This finding may have therapeutic implications for conditions like chronic kidney disease that result in anemia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Malarvizhi Gurusamy, Denise Tischner, Jingchen Shao, Stephan Klatt, Sven Zukunft, Remy Bonnavion, Stefan Guenther, Kai Siebenbrodt, Roxane-Isabelle Kestner, Tanja Kuhlmann, Ingrid Fleming, Stefan Offermanns, Nina Wettschureck
Summary: The G-protein-coupled receptor P2Y10, expressed in CD4 T cells, mediates RhoA activation and migration in response to lysophosphatidylserine and ATP, which are induced in T cells upon chemokine stimulation through an autocrine/paracrine loop.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Emanuela Colombo, Cinthia Farina
Summary: Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid that binds to specific G protein-coupled receptors expressed in various organs. Targeting S1P receptors with modulators has shown potential in treating neurological, autoimmune, and inflammatory disorders. These modulators induce lymphopenia and may have immunological effects beyond lymphocyte trafficking inhibition. They can also cross the blood-brain barrier and target CNS resident cells expressing S1P receptors. Understanding the role of S1P signaling in neuroimmunology has important implications for therapeutic approaches in other disease areas.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yuko Tanaka, Seiichi Okabe, Kazuma Ohyashiki, Akihiko Gotoh
Summary: This study found that S1P activation is associated with proliferation and survival of MM cells, and S1P attenuates the effect of proteasome inhibitors (PI). Anti-S1P agents can inhibit MM cell proliferation, promote apoptosis, and reduce the impact of S1P on cell migration. These findings highlight the potential therapeutic value of anti-S1P agents in MM treatment.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alyssa Grogan, Emilio Y. Lucero, Haoran Jiang, Howard A. Rockman
Summary: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play key roles in cardiac health and disease, and are targeted for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Recent advancements in understanding GPCR signaling, regulation, and pharmacological properties have provided valuable insights.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Caterina Bernacchioni, Tommaso Capezzuoli, Valentina Vannuzzi, Francesca Malentacchi, Francesca Castiglione, Francesca Cencetti, Marcello Ceccaroni, Chiara Donati, Paola Bruni, Felice Petraglia
Summary: This study investigates the molecular mechanisms involved in the fibrotic trait of endometriosis through examining the alterations of the S1P signaling pathway. The results show a deep dysregulation of S1P signaling in endometriosis, with S1P synthesis enzymes and receptors playing a crucial role in promoting fibrosis.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Jaime M. Brozowski, Roman G. Timoshchenko, D. Stephen Serafin, Brittney Allyn, Jessica Koontz, Emily M. Rabjohns, Rishi R. Rampersad, Yinshi Ren, Amanda M. Eudy, Taylor F. Harris, David Abraham, Daniel Mattox, Clinton T. Rubin, Matthew J. Hilton, Janet Rubin, Nancy L. Allbritton, Matthew J. Billard, Teresa K. Tarrant
Summary: Our study reveals that G protein receptor kinase 3 (GRK3) regulates the function of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by modulating sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling. Deficiency of GRK3 leads to hypercellular bone marrow and leukocytosis, as well as enhanced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. These findings highlight the important role of GRK3 in the bone marrow niche.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Caterina Bernacchioni, Pasquapina Ciarmela, Valentina Vannuzzi, Stefania Greco, Silvia Vannuccini, Francesca Malentacchi, Pamela Pellegrino, Tommaso Capezzuoli, Flavia Sorbi, Francesca Cencetti, Paola Bruni, Chiara Donati, Felice Petraglia
Summary: The study revealed that S1P signaling is dysregulated in uterine fibroids and involved in activin A-induced fibrosis, presenting new perspectives for the treatment of uterine fibroids.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yuanqiang Li, Boyu Li, Wei-Dong Chen, Yan-Dong Wang
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, accounting for nearly 30% of deaths worldwide annually. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are vital in regulating cellular physiology and pathology, and play a crucial role in CVDs. Targeting GPCRs has become an important approach for the treatment of CVDs, with some GPCR antagonists serving as standard therapy.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Taraneh Mousavi, Shokoufeh Hassani, Maryam Baeeri, Mahban Rahimifard, Faezeh Vakhshiteh, Mahdi Gholami, Elmira Ghafour-Broujerdi, Mohammad Abdollahi
Summary: Using a zebrafish colitis model, the efficacy and toxicity of tofacitinib and fingolimod were compared. The results showed that fingolimod had better efficacy, but both drugs were toxic to adult zebrafish. Therefore, while fingolimod may be a better treatment option, its toxicity should not be overlooked.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Chiara D'Aprile, Simona Prioni, Laura Mauri, Alessandro Prinetti, Sara Grassi
Summary: Lipid rafts are specialized membrane domains enriched in gangliosides, sphingomyelin, cholesterol, and proteins involved in signal transduction, modulating cell homeostasis. Sphingosine 1-phosphate participates in various signal transduction processes, with enzymes and receptors often localized in lipid rafts.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Martyna Okuniewska, Victoria Fang, Audrey Baeyens, Varsha Raghavan, June-Yong Lee, Dan R. Littman, Susan R. Schwab
Summary: The text discusses the role of S1P receptor 1 in T cell exit from lymph nodes and vascular permeability regulation. It also highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting S1PR1 for autoimmune diseases. The importance of SPNS2 in supplying lymph S1P and supporting T cell exit is emphasized, but further research is needed to determine its necessity during immune responses.
Review
Cell Biology
Simela Chatzikonstantinou, Vasiliki Poulidou, Marianthi Arnaoutoglou, Dimitrios Kazis, Ioannis Heliopoulos, Nikolaos Grigoriadis, Marina Boziki
Summary: Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a crucial signaling molecule with diverse biological functions that are mediated through its receptors, playing a significant role in cell proliferation, immune responses, and gut-brain axis regulation. The modulation of S1PR has promising therapeutic potential in immune-mediated diseases like multiple sclerosis by affecting immune cells, gut barrier, and the central nervous system.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
William J. Sandborn, Severine Vermeire, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Marla C. Dubinsky, Julian Panes, Andres Yarur, Timothy Ritter, Filip Baert, Stefan Schreiber, Sheldon Sloan, Fabio Cataldi, Kevin Shan, Christopher J. Rabbat, Michael Chiorean, Douglas C. Wolf, Bruce E. Sands, Geert D'Haens, Silvio Danese, Martina Goetsch, Brian G. Feagan
Summary: Etrasimod, a selective S1P receptor modulator, demonstrated efficacy and safety as an induction and maintenance therapy for patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. The trials showed a higher proportion of patients achieving clinical remission with Etrasimod compared to placebo at both induction and maintenance periods. This novel treatment option has the potential to address unmet needs in ulcerative colitis patients.
Review
Oncology
Carmine Sellitto, Graziamaria Corbi, Nicola Bertini, Tiziana Ascione, Maria Costantino, Giuliana Scarpati, Ornella Piazza, Amelia Filippelli, Valeria Conti, Pasquale Pagliano
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis and found that Remdesivir did not significantly improve survival in COVID-19 patients receiving standard therapy, but it could significantly reduce the duration of oxygen support.
JOURNAL OF CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Leonardo Bencivenga, Mathilde Strumia, Yves Rolland, Laurent Martinez, Philippe Cestac, Sophie Guyonnet, Sandrine Andrieu, Angelo Parini, Alexandre Lucas, Bruno Vellas, Philipe De Souto Barreto, Laure Rouch
Summary: This study aimed to determine the association between plasma levels of the stress-related mitokine growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), inflammatory biomarkers interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR-1), and visit-to-visit blood pressure variability (BPV) in community-dwelling older adults. The results showed that higher levels of GDF-15 were significantly associated with increased systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV), but not diastolic blood pressure variability (DBPV).
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Leonardo Bencivenga, Karolina Piotrowicz
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Maria Costantino, Antonio Raffone, Ilenia Stanzione, Daniela Siano, Rosa Oro, Valeria Conti, Graziamaria Corbi, Berenice Stefanelli, Mariagrazia Bathilde Marongiu, Domenico De Pascale, Carmine Sellitto, Vito Della Rocca, Mario Farroni, Antonio Mollo, Amelia Filippelli
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of proper health education and lifestyle information to be adopted during pregnancy on obstetrical, neonatal, and infant outcomes. The results showed that compared to normal weight women, obese women had a higher incidence of major maternal pathologies and caesarean delivery. Physical activity and smoking during pregnancy also had an impact on the outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of proper health education and lifestyle information for improving the health of women and newborns.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Valeria Conti, Graziamaria Corbi, Francesco Sabbatino, Domenico De Pascale, Carmine Sellitto, Berenice Stefanelli, Nicola Bertini, Matteo De Simone, Luigi Liguori, Ilenia Di Paola, Maddalena De Bernardo, Angela Tesse, Nicola Rosa, Pasquale Pagliano, Amelia Filippelli
Summary: Long COVID or post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) refers to the development of persistent symptoms and/or complications in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. The pathogenesis and course of this syndrome are influenced by factors such as age, sex/gender, and pre-existing conditions. The lack of precise diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers complicates the clinical management of patients. This review aims to summarize recent evidence on the factors influencing PCS, possible biomarkers, and therapeutic approaches.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Valeria Conti, Joseph Iharinjaka Randriamboavonjy, Herintsoa Rafatro, Valentina Manzo, Jessica Dal Col, Amelia Filippelli, Graziamaria Corbi, Angela Tesse
Summary: Vascular aging is associated with various factors such as reduced NO bioavailability, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This study investigated the effect of MOI on vascular improvement in middle-aged rats and its involvement of SIRT1. The results showed that MOI treatment enhanced SIRT1 expression and activity, reduced oxidative stress, and reversed FOXO1 expression in the aorta, suggesting its protective role against cardiovascular dysfunction due to aging.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mauro Cataldi, Camilla Celentano, Leonardo Bencivenga, Michele Arcopinto, Chiara Resnati, Annalaura Manes, Loreta Dodani, Lucia Comnes, Robert Vander Stichele, Dipak Kalra, Giuseppe Rengo, Francesco Giallauria, Ugo Trama, Nicola Ferrara, Antonio Cittadini, Maurizio Taglialatela
Summary: This study identified drug interaction perpetrators among drugs prescribed to older adults and analyzed the prevalence of gene polymorphisms that can increase their interacting potential. The study also found that few commercial clinical decision support systems include pharmacogenomic factors in drug-drug interaction risk evaluation, and none of them are designed for use in older adults.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Amir Hossein Behnoush, Amirmohammad Khalaji, Pegah Bahiraie, Parsa Alehossein, Parnian Shobeiri, Maral Peisepar, Alessandro Cannavo
Summary: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and a leading cause of death worldwide. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is an important manifestation preceding the development of hypertension. Endocan, secreted from endothelial cells, is a novel biomarker for endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore the association between endocan levels and ED in hypertensive patients.
HYPERTENSION RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandro Cannavo
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Costantino, Valeria Conti, Graziamaria Corbi, Valentina Giudice, Francesco De Caro, Amelia Filippelli
Summary: Oxidative stress, induced by excessive free radicals, shows gender-related differences in cellular redox state and antioxidant responses. A study investigated the efficacy of sulfurous crenotherapy in decreasing oxidant species in patients with osteoarthritis or degenerative joint disease and Vulgar psoriasis. After 2 weeks of treatment, significant clinical improvement and reduction of oxidant species were observed in both sexes, with females showing greater improvement and reduction than males.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Francesco Sabbatino, Pasquale Pagliano, Carmine Sellitto, Berenice Stefanelli, Graziamaria Corbi, Valentina Manzo, Emanuela De Bellis, Luigi Liguori, Francesco Antonio Salzano, Stefano Pepe, Amelia Filippelli, Valeria Conti
Summary: This study investigates the potential of sPD-L1 as a prognostic biomarker for COVID-19. The results suggest that sPD-L1 promotes immune escape in the early phase of COVID-19, but may act to dampen excessive immune responses later. Additionally, there is a correlation between lymphocyte number and length of stay and inflammatory markers.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Klara Komici, Leonardo Bencivenga, Giuseppe Rengo, Andrea Bianco, Germano Guerra
Summary: This study evaluated ventilatory efficiency and forced expiratory volume in competitive athletes who recovered from COVID-19. The findings suggest that these athletes may experience ventilatory inefficiency, but without limitation in exercise capacity. Forced expiratory volume is associated with ventilatory performance during exercise, and increased VE/VCO2 slope is inversely correlated with maximal VCO2/VE and maximal VO2/VE.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Gerontology
Luca Soraci, Stefano Cacciatore, Enrico Brunetti, Davide Montini, Chukwuma Okoye, Caterina Trevisan, Panaiotis Finamore, Ilaria Parrotta, Leonardo Bencivenga, Matteo Candeloro, Diana Lelli
Summary: This study evaluated the satisfaction and expectations of residents in the Geriatrics academic program in Italy. The results showed that there is room for improvement in the program, as residents expressed low satisfaction with theoretical, statistical, and clinical training. Although there was interest in research, only a small percentage of residents participated in research activities. The study suggests that updating residency programs and promoting research education could enhance residents' satisfaction and research quality.
JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Graziamaria Corbi, Vincenzo Nobile, Valeria Conti, Alessandro Cannavo, Vincenzo Sorrenti, Alessandro Medoro, Giovanni Scapagnini, Sergio Davinelli
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of equol and resveratrol on bone turnover biomarkers in postmenopausal women. The results showed that the combination of equol and resveratrol significantly improved bone turnover biomarkers and increased bone mineral density, suggesting a potential approach to prevent age-related bone loss in postmenopausal women.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ilaria Parrotta, Leonardo Bencivenga, Chukwuma Okoye, Giuseppe Bellelli, Stefano Fumagalli, Enrico Mossello, Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi, GeroCovid Acute Wards Working Grp
Summary: This study aimed to identify the inflammatory status of frail patients with hyperactive delirium (HD) hospitalized for COVID-19 and assess the independent effect of delirium and physical frailty on in-hospital mortality. The results showed that delirium is associated with markers of lung failure and increases the risk of in-hospital mortality when coexisting with physical frailty.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)