Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
Volume 5, Issue 25, Pages 6136-6143Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c7tc00559h
Keywords
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61605138, 21303117]
- Qualified Personnel Foundation of Taiyuan University of Technology [tyutrc-201255a]
- Shanxi Provincial Key Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology [201513002-10]
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Two A-pi-D-pi-A molecules with a carbazole donor and a dicyanovinyl acceptor but differing in N-hexyl (h-CPDM) and N-isooctyl substituents (i-CPDM) were synthesized, and both of them presented remarkable dual properties of solvatochromism and mechanoresponsive luminescence (MRL) turn-on. The intrinsic intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) characteristic endowed both luminophors with a prominent solvatochromic effect, with emission color tuning from blue to orange-red by changing the solvent from nonpolar hexane to polar dimethyl sulfoxide. Meanwhile, the non-/weakly emissive original powders of h-CPDM and i-CPDM gave bright orange (610 nm) and yellow (596 nm) emission with the photoluminescence quantum yields increasing as high as 85-fold after being ground. Investigations revealed this mechanoresponsive luminescence turn-on could be ascribed to the disturbance of the p-p stacking interactions in the non-/weakly emissive J-aggregates by mechanical force. This work offers carbazole derivatives that can be used as sensitive fluorescent indicators for organic solvents and mechanical sensors.
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