Review
Immunology
Tatiana M. Clemente, Rajendra K. Angara, Stacey D. Gilk
Summary: Obligate intracellular pathogens can either reside freely in the host cell cytoplasm or be confined in a membrane-bound vacuole. The pathogens in membrane-bound vacuoles are protected from the innate immune system and antimicrobial drugs, but they face challenges such as obtaining membrane components, maintaining a suitable microenvironment, acquiring essential nutrients from the host cell, and manipulating the host cell through a specialized secretion system.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Tatiana M. Clemente, Rochelle Ratnayake, Dhritiman Samanta, Leonardo Augusto, Paul A. Beare, Robert A. Heinzen, Stacey D. Gilk
Summary: Coxiella burnetii regulates host cholesterol metabolism to establish a mature Coxiella-containing vacuole (CCV) that supports bacterial growth.
Article
Microbiology
Tatiana M. Clemente, Rochelle Ratnayake, Dhritiman Samanta, Leonardo Augusto, Paul A. Beare, Robert A. Heinzen, Stacey D. Gilk
Summary: Coxiella burnetii regulates its intracellular growth by controlling cholesterol levels within the Coxiella-containing vacuole (CCV), with the sterol modifying protein Stmp1 playing a crucial role in this process. Loss of Stmp1 results in abnormal CCV formation, affecting bacterial infection and growth within host cells.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ting Song, Geng Yang, Hanxi Zhang, Mengyue Li, Wanyi Zhou, Chuan Zheng, Fengming You, Chunhui Wu, Yiyao Liu, Hong Yang
Summary: This study constructed a GSH-depleting magnetic nanoplatform (D@MOs-P) that enhances ferroptosis by disrupting redox homeostasis and ferritinophagy-mediated iron disorders. The D@MOs-P platform utilizes disulfide bond-mediated glutathione depletion and magnetic hyperthermia to disrupt redox homeostasis and induce ferritinophagy, leading to intense ferroptosis of tumor cells. In vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that D@MOs-P effectively suppresses tumor growth with minimal side effects. This research also highlights the potential of magnetic nanoparticles for T2-weighted MR imaging.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Malte Kellermann, Felix Scharte, Michael Hensel
Summary: Pathogenic intracellular microorganisms manipulate host cells to create niches for survival and replication. This review focuses on the manipulation of organelle compartments by pathogens and highlights the specific interactions of different pathogens with host cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jodie Ackland, Ashley Heinson, David W. Cleary, Myron Christodoulides, Tom M. A. Wilkinson, Karl J. Staples
Summary: The study established an in vitro model of NTHi persistence within macrophages and identified temporally regulated transcriptomic profiles, with a core set of genes enriched in immune responses. Results indicated that NTHi persistence within macrophages was facilitated by modulation of bacterial metabolic, stress response, and ribosome pathways.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sally H. Mohamed, Man Shun Fu, Sofia Hain, Alanoud Alselami, Eliane Vanhoffelen, Yanjian Li, Ebrima Bojang, Robert Lukande, Elizabeth R. Ballou, Robin C. May, Chen Ding, Greetje Vande Velde, Rebecca A. Drummond
Summary: Microglia do not provide protection against Cryptococcus neoformans brain infection, but may act as a reservoir for early infection and a site for the fungus to access copper micronutrient.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Yi Liu, Danyu Kong, Hui-Lan Wu, Hong-Qing Ling
Summary: This article discusses the important role of iron in plant-pathogen interactions and how plants and pathogens regulate iron levels to maintain fitness. It also proposes directions for future research on this topic.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huynh Tan Hop, Tran Xuan Ngoc Huy, Hu Jang Lee, Suk Kim
Summary: Bacteria of the genus Brucella can cause brucellosis, a common zoonotic disease. The DNA-binding protein Dps from Brucella is secreted within the macrophage cytosol, modulating host iron homeostasis and mediating intracellular growth of Brucella.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karolina Jaworska, Marta Ludwiczak, Emilia Murawska, Adrianna Raczkowska, Katarzyna Brzostek
Summary: The study revealed an important role of OmpR in regulating the expression of the key iron homeostasis protein Fur in Y. enterocolitica, as it binds directly to the promoters of multiple genes involved in iron transport and under Fur repression. OmpR also affects the expression level of the fur gene through negative regulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Won Jin Lee, Hyuk Gyoon Lee, Jinwoo Hur, Gyeong Hee Lee, Jun Pil Won, Eunsu Kim, Jung Seok Hwang, Han Geuk Seo
Summary: The nuclear receptor PPAR delta plays a regulatory role in cellular iron homeostasis, and its activation can alleviate 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity. PPAR delta activation reduces iron accumulation and suppresses the generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxides.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pengfei Yang, Jin Li, Tianyi Zhang, Yanxian Ren, Qiuning Zhang, Ruifeng Liu, Haining Li, Junrui Hua, Wen-An Wang, Jufang Wang, Heng Zhou
Summary: This study found that ionizing radiation induces both ferroptosis and autophagy, and there is a mutual promotion between the two processes. By the action of mitophagy, ionizing radiation causes the degradation of mitochondria near lipid droplets, thereby promoting the occurrence of ferroptosis. Cells with a high level of mitophagy exhibit a stronger lethal effect of ionizing radiation.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suraj Kumar Mandal, Shankar Prasad Kanaujia
Summary: The redox property of iron makes it essential for enzymes in metabolic processes. Bacterial pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis can secrete siderophore molecules to capture the iron from the human host. The crystal structure of MhuP, a heme uptake protein in M. tuberculosis, has been reported, indicating its role in the transient transport of heme via the DppABCD transport system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Junli Meng, Peisen Zhang, Qizhe Chen, Zihua Wang, Yuan Gu, Jie Ma, Wang Li, Chen Yang, Yuanyuan Qiao, Yi Hou, Lihong Jing, Yong Wang, Zi Gu, Lichong Zhu, Haozhen Xu, Xueguang Lu, Mingyuan Gao
Summary: Nanovaccines that can co-deliver antigen and adjuvant to dendritic cells have emerged as effective tools for activating antitumor immune responses, inhibiting tumor growth, and improving survival rates.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yang Liu, Shaojie Zhai, Xingwu Jiang, Yanyan Liu, Kun Wang, Chaochao Wang, Meng Zhang, Xuanyong Liu, Wenbo Bu
Summary: Intracellular redox homeostasis and the iron metabolism system play crucial roles in the limited efficacy of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) on tumor cells. A novel biodegradable nanocarrier, DMON@Fe-0/AT, effectively depletes intracellular GSH, releases on-demand ferrous ions and a catalase inhibitor, and disrupts the cellular iron metabolism system, resulting in a highly efficient killing effect on tumor cells. This innovative strategy provides a promising approach for enduring CDT.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Amanda J. Brinkworth, Mark R. Wildung, Rey A. Carabeo
Article
Biology
Nick D. Pokorzynski, Amanda J. Brinkworth, Rey Carabeo
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liam Caven, Rey A. Carabeo
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonio T. Pedrosa, Korinn N. Murphy, Ana T. Nogueira, Amanda J. Brinkworth, Tristan R. Thwaites, Jesse Aaron, Teng-Leong Chew, Rey A. Carabeo
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nick D. Pokorzynski, Nathan D. Hatch, Scot P. Ouellette, Rey A. Carabeo
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Matthew D. Romero, Rey A. Carabeo
Summary: Chlamydia trachomatis manipulates the host actin cytoskeleton to drive pathogen entry, and two invasion-associated type III effectors TarP and TmeA were discovered. Quantitative live-cell imaging revealed differences in recruitment and turnover kinetics between TarP and TmeA pathways during actin remodeling at invasion sites. TarP-mediated recruitment of formins and Arp2/3 complex plays an essential role in rapid actin kinetics, while TmeA does not recruit formin Fmn1 or collaborate with Arp2/3. The inhibition of TarP has similar effects on invasion efficiency as the deletion of TmeA.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Nick D. Pokorzynski, Monisha R. Alla, Rey A. Carabeo
Summary: The infected host cell may provide the context within which universal stress responses emerge for Chlamydia trachomatis. During starvation of the essential nutrients iron or tryptophan, a common response of the infected epithelial cell is the suppression of GTP biosynthesis, which induces a persistent developmental state in the pathogen.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emilia Krypotou, Guy E. Townsend, Xiaohui Gao, Shoichi Tachiyama, Jun Liu, Nick D. Pokorzynski, Andrew L. Goodman, Eduardo A. Groisman
Summary: Therapeutic manipulation of the gut microbiota has great potential for human health. Bacteria in the gut use phase separation to enhance their fitness and this mechanism can be targeted for clinical intervention. The intrinsically disordered region (IDR) of the transcription termination factor Rho is crucial for phase separation and gene regulation in the gut. Phase separation is vital for host-commensal bacteria interactions and has implications for novel clinical applications.
Review
Microbiology
Nick D. Pokorzynski, Eduardo A. Groisman
Summary: Cells adjust growth and metabolism to nutrient availability. Facultative intracellular pathogens must efficiently prioritize carbon utilization in order to survive in their animal hosts. Bacterial regulators of carbon metabolism control virulence programs, while signals controlling virulence regulators may impact carbon source utilization. Intestinal inflammation and disruption of the gut microbiota can also influence the availability of carbon sources. Coordination between virulence factors and carbon utilization determinants allows pathogens to adopt metabolic pathways that promote antimicrobial resistance and overcome nutrient deprivation imposed by the host.
MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
R. J. L. Townshend