Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yingting Zuo, Xinsheng Han, Xue Tian, Shuohua Chen, Shouling Wu, Anxin Wang
Summary: The study revealed that individuals without traditional ASCVD risk factors are at increased risk of developing CVD with higher levels of abnormal fasting plasma glucose, underlining the importance of prevention strategies targeting elevated FPG levels in addition to other traditional ASCVD risk factors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jianing Bi, Lulu Song, Lulin Wang, Mingyang Wu, Shouhua Chen, Youjie Wang, Shouling Wu, Yaohua Tian
Summary: Higher fasting blood glucose variability is associated with an increased lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease, especially in men. Focusing on FBG variability may serve as a valuable clinical tool in reducing the lifetime risk of CVD.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Galarregui, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Carlos J. Gonzalez-Navarro, J. Alfredo Martinez, M. Angeles Zulet, Itziar Abete
Summary: This study showed that consuming a high protein product significantly lowered peak and Delta blood glucose concentrations compared to a high carbohydrate product. Insulin response did not show significant differences between the two foods. Fasting glucose was positively correlated with glucose iAUC only for the high protein product.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Viktor Lind, Niklas Hammar, Pia Lundman, Leif Friberg, Mats Talback, Goran Walldius, Anna Norhammar
Summary: Dysglycaemia, even at prediabetes levels, is associated with an increased risk of developing atrial fibrillation and heart failure. The study found that individuals with diagnosed diabetes had the highest risk. However, the associations were somewhat weakened when BMI data was taken into account, with only diagnosed diabetes remaining statistically significant for atrial fibrillation.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yingying Wang, Lisha Yu, Yiying Wang, Jie Zhou, Yanli Wu, Tao Liu, Na Wang, Chaowei Fu
Summary: This study examined the association between glycemia and the risk of cardiovascular disease in Southwest China. The results showed that elevated 2-hour postload glucose was significantly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, while fasting plasma glucose was not.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ye Tong, Fangchao Liu, Keyong Huang, Jianxin Li, Xueli Yang, Jichun Chen, Xiaoqing Liu, Jie Cao, Shufeng Chen, Ling Yu, Yingxin Zhao, Xianping Wu, Liancheng Zhao, Ying Li, Dongsheng Hu, Jianfeng Huang, Xiangfeng Lu, Chong Shen, Dongfeng Gu
Summary: This study examines the association between changes in fasting blood glucose status and the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). The results suggest that individuals with long-standing impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and progression to diabetes mellitus (DM) have a higher risk of developing CVD.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emily M. Russell, Jenna C. Carlson, Mohanraj Krishnan, Nicola L. Hawley, Guangyun Sun, Hong Cheng, Take Naseri, Muagututi'a Sefuiva Reupena, Satupa'itea Viali, John Tuitele, Tanya J. Major, Iva Miljkovic, Tony R. Merriman, Ranjan Deka, Daniel E. Weeks, Stephen T. McGarvey, Ryan L. Minster
Summary: The study found that the effect of BMI on fasting glucose may be greater in Polynesian individuals without obesity than in those with obesity. Carrying the rs373863828 minor allele does not disconnect higher BMI from higher risk of type 2 diabetes.
BMJ OPEN DIABETES RESEARCH & CARE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Silvia Animali, Cecilia Steinwurzel, Angela Dardano, Veronica Sancho-Bornez, Stefano Del Prato, Maria Concetta Morrone, Giuseppe Daniele, Paola Binda
Summary: Brain function is affected by metabolic changes and obesity, but little is known about the impact of transient metabolic changes on brain plasticity. In this study, researchers investigated the effect of fasting and fed states on ocular dominance plasticity following short-term monocular deprivation. They also examined the correlation between plasticity changes and variations in glucose metabolism, leptin signaling, and fatty acid metabolism. The results showed that fasting reduced the manifestation of short-term plasticity compared to the fed state, and GLP-1 infusion did not have reliable effects. The reduction in plasticity during fasting was associated with an increase in plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate levels, suggesting a link between neural function and alternative energy substrates. These findings reveal a previously unexplored connection between homeostatic brain plasticity and the physiological changes associated with the daily fast-fed cycle.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Eleonora Duregon, Maria Emilia Fernandez, Jorge Martinez Romero, Clara Di Germanio, Meaghan Cabassa, Romaniya Voloshchuk, Margaux R. Ehrlich-Mora, Jacqueline M. Moats, Sarah Wong, Oye Bosompra, Annamaria Rudderow, Christopher H. Morrell, Simonetta Camandola, Nathan L. Price, Miguel A. Aon, Michel Bernier, Rafael de Cabo
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests that prolonged fasting periods combined with calorie restriction (CR) and time-restricted feeding (TRF) have important health and survival benefits for male mice, but little is known about the effects of these feeding regimens in females. In this study, 14-month-old female mice were placed on five different dietary regimens, either CR or TRF with different feeding windows. The results showed that CR elicited a strong systemic response, unique serum metabolomics signature, and increased lifespan. These findings highlight the importance of daytime feeding with prolonged fasting periods initiated late in life for females.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yahang Liu, Huilin Xu, Jun Li, Yating Yang, Jie Zhang, Xiaoqin Liu, Jiong Li, Yongfu Yu, Guoyou Qin
Summary: This study assessed the independent and combined impacts of visit-to-visit fasting blood glucose variability and mean fasting blood glucose level on all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that the coexistence of high glycaemic variability and high glucose level increased the risk of premature mortality, highlighting the importance of achieving normal and stable glucose levels simultaneously in glucose management.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tracey G. Simon, Bjorn Roelstraete, Naim Alkhouri, Hannes Hagstrom, Johan Sundstrom, Jonas F. Ludvigsson
Summary: This study found that children and young adults with biopsy-proven NAFLD had significantly higher rates of incident MACE, including ischaemic heart disease and congestive heart failure, compared to matched population controls.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Daniel H. Katz, Usman A. Tahir, Alexander G. Bick, Akhil Pampana, Debby Ngo, Mark D. Benson, Zhi Yu, Jeremy M. Robbins, Zsu-Zsu Chen, Daniel E. Cruz, Shuliang Deng, Laurie Farrell, Sumita Sinha, Alec A. Schmaier, Dongxiao Shen, Yan Gao, Michael E. Hall, Adolfo Correa, Russell P. Tracy, Peter Durda, Kent D. Taylor, Yongmei Liu, W. Craig Johnson, Xiuqing Guo, Jie Yao, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Ani W. Manichaikul, Deepti Jain, Claude Bouchard, Mark A. Sarzynski, Stephen S. Rich, Jerome I. Rotter, Thomas J. Wang, James G. Wilson, Pradeep Natarajan, Robert E. Gerszten
Summary: This study used whole genome sequencing to analyze the plasma proteome in individuals with greater African ancestry, identifying novel genetic determinants of cardiovascular diseases and uncovering new biological mechanisms specific to African ancestry.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Gloria Hoi-Yee Li, Ching-Lung Cheung, Albert Kar-Kin Chung, Bernard Man-Yung Cheung, Ian Chi-Kei Wong, Marcella Lei Yee Fok, Philip Chun-Ming Au, Pak-Chung Sham
Summary: This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between genetic predisposition to depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The results show a genetic correlation between depression and myocardial infarction (MI) and atrial fibrillation (AF), and causality between genetically doubling the odds of depression and increased risk of CAD and MI. Adjustment for blood lipid levels and smoking status attenuated the causal relationship between depression and CAD/MI.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alessandro Mantovani, Graziana Petracca, Giorgia Beatrice, Herbert Tilg, Christopher D. Byrne, Giovanni Targher
Summary: This meta-analysis shows that patients with NAFLD have a significantly increased risk of developing diabetes, and this risk rises with the severity of NAFLD. The risk is independent of age, sex, adiposity measures, and other metabolic risk factors.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lisanne L. Blauw, Raymond Noordam, Sander W. van der Laan, Stella Trompet, Sander Kooijman, Diana van Heemst, Johan Wouter Jukema, Jessica van Setten, Gert J. de Borst, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, Gerard Pasterkamp, Jimmy F. P. Berbee, Patrick C. N. Rensen
Summary: The common MC4R genetic variation, even though it increases BMI, does not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in the general population or those at risk for cardiovascular disease, as shown by the lack of evidence for associations with coronary artery disease, ischemic vascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, or any atherosclerotic plaque phenotypes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Catherine E. Simpson, Rachel L. Damico, Paul M. Hassoun, Lisa J. Martin, Jun Yang, Melanie K. Nies, R. Dhananjay Vaidya, Stephanie Brandal, Michael W. Pauciulo, Eric D. Austin, D. Dunbar Ivy, William C. Nichols, Allen D. Everett
Article
Allergy
Cassandra C. Brooks, Lisa J. Martin, Valentina Pilipenko, Hua He, Grace K. LeMasters, James E. Lockey, David Bernstein, Patrick H. Ryan, Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey, Jocelyn M. Biagini Myers
Summary: This study suggests that variations in the NAT1 gene may increase the risk of developing asthma in children exposed to secondhand smoke. Significant associations between 5 NAT1 variants and asthma were observed in the exposed group, with gene-level replication demonstrated in another cohort.
Article
Allergy
Tammy Gonzalez, Mariana L. Stevens, Asel Baatyrbek Kyzy, Rosario Alarcon, Hua He, John W. Kroner, Daniel Spagna, Brittany Grashel, Elaine Sidler, Lisa J. Martin, Jocelyn M. Biagini Myers, Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey, Andrew B. Herr
Summary: In the first US early-life cohort of children with atopic dermatitis, the presence of staphylococcal biofilms on skin lesions was found to be associated with increased disease severity, suggesting a pathogenic role forS aureus biofilms in atopic dermatitis development. Additionally, the balance between S epidermidis and S aureus, as well as their biofilm propensity, may have important implications for atopic dermatitis.
Article
Pediatrics
Sahar A. Jallaq, Mark Verba, Jeffrey R. Strawn, Lisa J. Martin, Melissa P. DelBello, Laura B. Ramsey
Summary: The metabolizer status of CYP2D6 is associated with aripiprazole discontinuation, and dose adjustments based on metabolizer status and concomitant medications may improve treatment outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Laura A. Woollett, Elaine M. Urbina, Jessica G. Woo
Summary: This study revealed an association between the first pregnancy and persistent decreases in HDL-C concentration, with greater declines seen in women with higher initial HDL-C concentrations. Racial differences in HDL-C concentrations were observed over time in nulliparous women, with an increase in HDL-C concentration in white women and no change in African-American women.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rishi S. Mehta, Zachary L. Taylor, Lisa J. Martin, Michael J. Rosen, Laura B. Ramsey
Summary: This study found an association between SLCO1B1 *15 allele and MTX-induced nausea in pediatric patients with IBD. Patients with the *15 allele may benefit from a reduction in MTX dose to reduce exposure and treatment initiation with concomitant ondansetron to alleviate nausea.
CTS-CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Emily W. Harville, Carrie E. Crook, Lydia A. Bazzano, Jessica G. Woo, Trudy L. Burns, Olli Raitakari, Elaine M. Urbina, Alison Venn, David R. Jacobs, Julia Steinberger, Alan Sinaiko, Terence Dwyer, Markus Juonala
Summary: The study found moderately well correlations between pre- and during-pregnancy cardiovascular risk factors, indicating that susceptible women may enter pregnancy with higher risk rather than pregnancy inducing new vascular or metabolic effects.
JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Letter
Pediatrics
Yiyi Zhang, Jessica G. Woo, Elaine M. Urbina, David R. Jacobs, Andrew E. Moran, Sarah D. de Ferranti
Summary: This cohort study seeks to characterize the longitudinal trajectories of low-density lipoprotein among children in the United States as they age.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Lisa J. Martin, D. Woodrow Benson
Summary: Congenital heart defects (CHD) are malformations present at birth that occur during heart development. Genetics play a key role in CHD, with detailed phenotyping of study subjects being crucial. The ultimate goal of genetic studies is to identify specific gene variants that influence heart development.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Joel Nuotio, Tomi T. Laitinen, Alan R. Sinaiko, Jessica G. Woo, Elaine M. Urbina, David R. Jacobs, Julia Steinberger, Ronald J. Prineas, Matthew A. Sabin, David P. Burgner, Heikki Minn, Trudy L. Burns, Lydia A. Bazzano, Alison J. Venn, Jorma S. A. Viikari, Nina Hutri-Kahonen, Stephen R. Daniels, Olli T. Raitakari, Costan G. Magnussen, Markus Juonala, Terence Dwyer
Summary: The study found that childhood BMI and glucose levels are associated with adult cancer mortality. Higher childhood BMI is independently linked to increased overall cancer mortality.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael Khoury, Philip Khoury, Lydia Bazzano, Trudy L. Burns, Stephen Daniels, Terence Dwyer, Johanna Ikonen, David R. Jr Jr Jacobs, Markus Juonala, Mika Kahonen, Ronald Prineas, Olli T. Raitakari, Julia Steinberger, Alison Venn, Jorma Viikari, Jessica G. Woo, Alan Sinaiko, Elaine M. Urbina
Summary: The 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics hypertension Clinical Practice Guideline increased the prevalence of childhood hypertension and improved sensitivity in predicting adult hypertension, but did not overall strengthen the association.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jeffrey R. Strawn, Ethan A. Poweleit, Jeffrey A. Mills, Heidi K. Schroeder, Zoe A. Neptune, Ashley M. Specht, Jenni E. Farrow, Xue Zhang, Lisa J. Martin, Laura B. Ramsey
Summary: The study aims to investigate the efficacy of individualized pharmacotherapy for pediatric anxiety disorders based on CYP2C19 phenotypes, and whether it can improve treatment response and reduce side effect burden.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Colleen M. Pater, Iris Gutmark-Little, Justin T. Tretter, Lisa J. Martin, Philippe Backeljauw, Nicole M. Brown
Summary: The study focused on describing a cohort of Turner syndrome patients with aortic dilatation, finding that patients with hypertension and meeting multiple dilatation criteria were more likely to receive treatment. Further research is needed to determine the efficacy of medical therapy on dilatation progression.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Ariella R. Korn, Christina D. Economos, Ross A. Hammond, Erin Hennessy, Heidi J. Kalkwarf, Aviva Must, Jessica G. Woo
Summary: The study found that mothers' primary feeding information source may have important, yet heterogeneous, influences on young children's beverage intakes and adiposity over time.
Meeting Abstract
Allergy
Steven Proper, John Kroner, Hua He, Lisa Martin, Asel Baatyrbek Kyzy, Jocelyn Biagini Myers, Gurjit Khurana Hershey
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)