From bacterial killing to immune modulation: Recent insights into the functions of lysozyme

Structure of the Neisseria Adhesin Complex Protein (ACP) and its role as a novel lysozyme inhibitor

(2017) María Victoria Humbert et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Peptidoglycan Acetylation of Campylobacter jejuni Is Essential for Maintaining Cell Wall Integrity and Colonization in Chicken Intestines

(2016) Taketoshi Iwata et al.   APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Hexokinase Is an Innate Immune Receptor for the Detection of Bacterial Peptidoglycan

(2016) Andrea J. Wolf et al.   CELL

The Clostridium difficile Dlt Pathway Is Controlled by the Extracytoplasmic Function Sigma Factor σVin Response to Lysozyme

(2016) Emily C. Woods et al.   INFECTION AND IMMUNITY

Accumulation of PeptidoglycanO-Acetylation Leads to Altered Cell Wall Biochemistry and Negatively Impacts Pathogenesis Factors ofCampylobacter jejuni

(2016) Reuben Ha et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

SpoVG Is a Conserved RNA-Binding Protein That Regulates Listeria monocytogenes Lysozyme Resistance, Virulence, and Swarming Motility

(2016) Thomas P. Burke et al.   mBio

Calcium-sensing receptors signal constitutive macropinocytosis and facilitate the uptake of NOD2 ligands in macrophages

(2016) Johnathan Canton et al.   Nature Communications

The Anti-sigma Factor RsiV Is a Bacterial Receptor for Lysozyme: Co-crystal Structure Determination and Demonstration That Binding of Lysozyme to RsiV Is Required for σV Activation

(2016) Jessica L. Hastie et al.   PLoS Genetics

The functional dlt operon of Clostridium butyricum controls the d-alanylation of cell wall components and influences cell septation and vancomycin-induced lysis

(2015) Sandra Wydau-Dematteis et al.   ANAEROBE

Native lysozyme and dry-heated lysozyme interactions with membrane lipid monolayers: Lateral reorganization of LPS monolayer, model of the Escherichia coli outer membrane

(2015) Melanie Derde et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES

Poorly Cross-Linked Peptidoglycan in MRSA Due to mecA Induction Activates the Inflammasome and Exacerbates Immunopathology

(2015) Sabrina Müller et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

The lipooligosaccharide-modifying enzyme LptA enhances gonococcal defence against human neutrophils

(2015) Jonathan W. Handing et al.   CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY

Understanding the Structure–Function Relationship of Lysozyme Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus by Peptidoglycan O-Acetylation Using Molecular Docking, Dynamics, and Lysis Assay

(2015) Anju C. Pushkaran et al.   Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling

Peptidoglycan Modifications Tune the Stability and Function of the Innate Immune Receptor Nod2

(2015) James E. Melnyk et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY

Commensal bacteria direct selective cargo sorting to promote symbiosis

(2015) Qin Zhang et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Degradation Products of the Extracellular Pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae Access the Cytosol via Its Pore-Forming Toxin

(2015) Jamie K. Lemon et al.   mBio

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv1096 protein: gene cloning, protein expression, and peptidoglycan deacetylase activity

(2014) Shufeng Yang et al.   BMC MICROBIOLOGY

NOD1 and NOD2: Signaling, Host Defense, and Inflammatory Disease

(2014) Roberta Caruso et al.   IMMUNITY

Clostridium difficile Extracytoplasmic Function   Factor  V Regulates Lysozyme Resistance and Is Necessary for Pathogenesis in the Hamster Model of Infection

(2014) T. D. Ho et al.   INFECTION AND IMMUNITY

Listeria monocytogenes Is Resistant to Lysozyme through the Regulation, Not the Acquisition, of Cell Wall-Modifying Enzymes

(2014) T. P. Burke et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Contribution of Peptidoglycan Amidation to Beta-Lactam and Lysozyme Resistance in Different Genetic Lineages of Staphylococcus aureus

(2014) Teresa A. Figueiredo et al.   Microbial Drug Resistance

Different walls for rods and balls: the diversity of peptidoglycan

(2014) Robert D. Turner et al.   MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY

Endosomes are specialized platforms for bacterial sensing and NOD2 signalling

(2014) Norihiro Nakamura et al.   NATURE

Insights into the molecular basis of the NOD2 signalling pathway

(2014) J. P. Boyle et al.   Open Biology

Evidence of a Bacterial Receptor for Lysozyme: Binding of Lysozyme to the Anti-σ Factor RsiV Controls Activation of the ECF σ Factor σV

(2014) Jessica L. Hastie et al.   PLoS Genetics

NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes are essential for distinct outcomes of decreased cytokines but enhanced bacterial killing upon chronic Nod2 stimulation

(2013) Matija Hedl et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY

Hen Egg White Lysozyme Permeabilizes Escherichia coli Outer and Inner Membranes

(2013) Melanie Derde et al.   JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY

Eep Confers Lysozyme Resistance to Enterococcus faecalis via the Activation of the Extracytoplasmic Function Sigma Factor SigV

(2013) S. Varahan et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Aconitase-Mediated Posttranscriptional Regulation of Helicobacter pylori Peptidoglycan Deacetylase

(2013) C. M. Austin et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Inheritance of the Lysozyme Inhibitor Ivy Was an Important Evolutionary Step by Yersinia pestis to Avoid the Host Innate Immune Response

(2013) Anne Derbise et al.   JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

De-O-acetylation of peptidoglycan regulates glycan chain extension and affectsin vivosurvival ofNeisseria meningitidis

(2013) Frédéric J. Veyrier et al.   MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY

Fortifying the barrier: the impact of lipid A remodelling on bacterial pathogenesis

(2013) Brittany D. Needham et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

The Legionella pneumophila EnhC Protein Interferes with Immunostimulatory Muramyl Peptide Production to Evade Innate Immunity

(2012) Mingyu Liu et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

CpsY Influences Streptococcus iniae Cell Wall Adaptations Important for Neutrophil Intracellular Survival

(2012) Jonathan P. Allen et al.   INFECTION AND IMMUNITY

The Lysozyme-Induced Peptidoglycan N-Acetylglucosamine Deacetylase PgdA (EF1843) Is Required for Enterococcus faecalis Virulence

(2012) A. Benachour et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Solution Structure of IseA, an Inhibitor Protein of dl-Endopeptidases fromBacillus subtilis, Reveals a Novel Fold with a Characteristic Inhibitory Loop

(2012) Ryoichi Arai et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Pathogen Sensing by Nucleotide-binding Oligomerization Domain-containing Protein 2 (NOD2) Is Mediated by Direct Binding to Muramyl Dipeptide and ATP

(2012) Jinyao Mo et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Identification and Characterization of a Novel Polysaccharide Deacetylase C (PdaC) from Bacillus subtilis

(2012) Kaori Kobayashi et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

The Innate Immune Protein Nod2 Binds Directly to MDP, a Bacterial Cell Wall Fragment

(2012) Catherine Leimkuhler Grimes et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY

Characterization of SfPgdA, a Shigella flexneri peptidoglycan deacetylase required for bacterial persistence within polymorphonuclear neutrophils

(2012) Abdelmoughit Kaoukab-Raji et al.   MICROBES AND INFECTION

A bacterial siren song: intimate interactions between Neisseria and neutrophils

(2012) Alison K. Criss et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Guards of the great wall: bacterial lysozyme inhibitors

(2012) Lien Callewaert et al.   TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY

Helicobacter pylori Peptidoglycan Modifications Confer Lysozyme Resistance and Contribute to Survival in the Host

(2012) G. Wang et al.   mBio

Identification of Genetic Determinants and Enzymes Involved with the Amidation of Glutamic Acid Residues in the Peptidoglycan of Staphylococcus aureus

(2012) Teresa A. Figueiredo et al.   PLoS Pathogens

ThepmrCABOperon Mediates Polymyxin Resistance inAcinetobacter baumanniiATCC 17978 and Clinical Isolates through Phosphoethanolamine Modification of Lipid A

(2011) Luis A. Arroyo et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

The Streptococcus iniae Transcriptional Regulator CpsY Is Required for Protection from Neutrophil-Mediated Killing and Proper GrowthInVitro

(2011) Jonathan P. Allen et al.   INFECTION AND IMMUNITY

Mutations of the Listeria monocytogenes PeptidoglycanN-Deacetylase andO-Acetylase Result in Enhanced Lysozyme Sensitivity, Bacteriolysis, and Hyperinduction of Innate Immune Pathways

(2011) Chris S. Rae et al.   INFECTION AND IMMUNITY

O-Acetylated peptidoglycan: Controlling the activity of bacterial autolysins and lytic enzymes of innate immune systems

(2011) Patrick J. Moynihan et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY

The Bacillus subtilis Extracytoplasmic Function σ Factor σ V Is Induced by Lysozyme and Provides Resistance to Lysozyme

(2011) Theresa D. Ho et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Bacillus subtilis σ V Confers Lysozyme Resistance by Activation of Two Cell Wall Modification Pathways, Peptidoglycan O-Acetylation and d-Alanylation of Teichoic Acids

(2011) Veronica Guariglia-Oropeza et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Characterization ofO-Acetylation ofN-Acetylglucosamine

(2011) Elvis Bernard et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Nod2 sensing of lysozyme-digested peptidoglycan promotes macrophage recruitment and clearance of S. pneumoniae colonization in mice

(2011) Kimberly M. Davis et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Phagosomal Degradation Increases TLR Access to Bacterial Ligands and Enhances Macrophage Sensitivity to Bacteria

(2011) A. J. Wolf et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Cutting Edge: Primary Innate Immune Cells Respond Efficiently to Polymeric Peptidoglycan, but Not to Peptidoglycan Monomers

(2011) Janaki K. Iyer et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Synthesis of biologically active biotinylated muramyl dipeptides

(2010) Catherine Leimkuhler Grimes et al.   BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS

Staphylococcus aureus Evades Lysozyme-Based Peptidoglycan Digestion that Links Phagocytosis, Inflammasome Activation, and IL-1β Secretion

(2010) Takahiro Shimada et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Inflammatory Cytokine Response to Bacillus anthracis Peptidoglycan Requires Phagocytosis and Lysosomal Trafficking

(2010) J. K. Iyer et al.   INFECTION AND IMMUNITY

Modifications to the Peptidoglycan Backbone Help Bacteria To Establish Infection

(2010) Kimberly M. Davis et al.   INFECTION AND IMMUNITY

Peptidoglycan Deacetylation in Helicobacter pylori Contributes to Bacterial Survival by Mitigating Host Immune Responses

(2010) G. Wang et al.   INFECTION AND IMMUNITY

The Vertebrate Lysozyme Inhibitor Ivy Functions to Inhibit the Activity of Lytic Transglycosylase

(2010) Chelsea A. Clarke et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

O-Acetylation of Peptidoglycan Is Required for Proper Cell Separation and S-layer Anchoring inBacillus anthracis

(2010) Maria-Halima Laaberki et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Lysozymes in the animal kingdom

(2010) Lien Callewaert et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES

Recognition of peptidoglycan from the microbiota by Nod1 enhances systemic innate immunity

(2010) Thomas B Clarke et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

The Extracytoplasmic Function Sigma Factor SigV Plays a Key Role in the Original Model of Lysozyme Resistance and Virulence of Enterococcus faecalis

(2010) André Le Jeune et al.   PLoS One

Teichoic acids are temporal and spatial regulators of peptidoglycan cross-linking in Staphylococcus aureus

(2010) M. L. Atilano et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Architecture of peptidoglycan: more data and more models

(2010) Waldemar Vollmer et al.   TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY

Pathogenic Bacteria and Dead Cells Are Internalized by a Unique Subset of Peyer's Patch Dendritic Cells That Express Lysozyme

(2009) Hugues Lelouard et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

Hen Egg Lysozyme Attenuates Inflammation and Modulates Local Gene Expression in a Porcine Model of Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS)-Induced Colitis

(2009) Maggie Lee et al.   JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY

Identification of the Asparagine Synthase Responsible for D-Asp Amidation in the Lactococcus lactis Peptidoglycan Interpeptide Crossbridge

(2009) P. Veiga et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

pH-dependent Internalization of Muramyl Peptides from Early Endosomes Enables Nod1 and Nod2 Signaling

(2009) Jooeun Lee et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Oxidative Stress-induced Peptidoglycan Deacetylase inHelicobacter pylori

(2009) Ge Wang et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Increased NOD2-mediated recognition ofN-glycolyl muramyl dipeptide

(2009) François Coulombe et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

The novel polysaccharide deacetylase homologue Pdi contributes to virulence of the aquatic pathogen Streptococcus iniae

(2009) C. J. E. Milani et al.   MICROBIOLOGY-SGM

NOD2, RIP2 and IRF5 Play a Critical Role in the Type I Interferon Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis

(2009) Amit K. Pandey et al.   PLoS Pathogens

The Two-Domain LysX Protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is Required for Production of Lysinylated Phosphatidylglycerol and Resistance to Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides

(2009) Erin Maloney et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Lysozyme M deficiency leads to an increased susceptibility to Streptococcus pneumoniae-induced otitis media

(2008) Jun Shimada et al.   BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Muramylpeptide shedding modulates cell sensing of Shigella flexneri

(2008) Giulia Nigro et al.   CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY

D-Alanylation of Lipoteichoic Acid Contributes to the Virulence of Streptococcus suis

(2008) N. Fittipaldi et al.   INFECTION AND IMMUNITY

Phosphoethanolamine Substitution of Lipid A and Resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides and Complement-Mediated Killing by Normal Human Serum

(2008) L. A. Lewis et al.   INFECTION AND IMMUNITY

Significant contribution of thepgdAgene to the virulence ofStreptococcus suis

(2008) Nahuel Fittipaldi et al.   MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY

A NOD2-NALP1 complex mediates caspase-1-dependent IL-1  secretion in response to Bacillus anthracis infection and muramyl dipeptide

(2008) L.-C. Hsu et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Resistance to Mucosal Lysozyme Compensates for the Fitness Deficit of Peptidoglycan Modifications by Streptococcus pneumoniae

(2008) Kimberly M. Davis et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Identification of Salmonella typhi genes expressed within macrophages by selective capture of transcribed sequences (SCOTS)

(2003) France Daigle et al.   MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY