Article
Oncology
Giorgio Santoni, Consuelo Amantini, Massimo Nabissi, Federica Maggi, Antonietta Arcella, Oliviero Marinelli, Anna Maria Eleuteri, Matteo Santoni, Maria Beatrice Morelli
Summary: The loss of TRPML1 in glioma cells results in various detrimental effects, such as defective autophagy, increased nitric oxide production, and enhanced invasion capacity, ultimately leading to a more aggressive phenotype.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saad Mustafa, Jogendra Singh Pawar, Ilora Ghosh
Summary: The study found that Fucoidan induces cytotoxicity in HeLa cells through the generation of ROS and mitochondrial superoxide, as well as ATP loss. Additionally, Fucoidan disrupts HDAC function, leading to autophagy and cellular senescence.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaohuan Du, Leyun Ding, Shungen Huang, Fang Li, Yinghui Yan, Ruze Tang, Xinyuan Ding, Zengyan Zhu, Wenjuan Wang
Summary: Cathepsin L (CTSL) has been found to play a critical role in chemosensitivity and tumor progression. This study aimed to investigate the potential roles and molecular mechanisms of CTSL in chemoresistance in neuroblastoma (NB). The researchers assessed the correlation between clinical characteristics, survival, and CTSL expression, and found that CTSL served as a prognostic marker for poor clinical outcome in NB patients. Furthermore, they found that CTSL promoted chemoresistance in NB cells through up-regulating multi-drug resistance proteins, inhibiting autophagy level and cell apoptosis. The study also identified a positive correlation between CTSL expression and Serglycin (SRGN) expression, and showed that CTSL could mediate chemoresistance by up-regulating SRGN expression in NB cells.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
ThiKem Nguyen, Raut Pawan Kumar, Pil-Hoon Park
Summary: The role of cathepsin B signaling in leptin-induced hepatic cancer growth was investigated and it was found that cathepsin B plays a crucial role in activating NLRP3 inflammasomes.
ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ionela Cristina Nica, Miruna S. Stan, Roua G. Popescu, Nicoleta Nicula, Robert Ducu, Lucian Diamandescu, Anca Dinischiotu
Summary: Advancements in nanotechnology have led to the development of novel TiO2-based nanomaterials that are widely used in industry and biomedicine. Concerns have been raised about human exposure and cytotoxic effects associated with the increased use of engineered nanomaterials in industry. Research has shown that long-term exposure to TiO2 nanoparticles co-doped with iron and nitrogen can lead to disruptions in the cell cycle and lysosomal membrane permeabilization, triggering apoptosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiangsheng Zhang, Huan Kan, Yun Liu, Wu Ding
Summary: Plumbagin shows potential medicinal properties, including anticancer activities. It inhibits cell proliferation, blocks cell cycle, induces apoptosis and autophagy in endometrial cancer cells. The anticancer effects of PLB may be mediated by abrogating the PI3K/Akt pathway.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Qian Chu, Shaopeng Wang, Liping Jiang, Yuhang Jiao, Xiance Sun, Jing Li, Ling Yang, Yunfeng Hou, Ningning Wang, Xiaofeng Yao, Xiaofang Liu, Cong Zhang, Guang Yang
Summary: The study characterized the role of the autophagic-inflammasomal pathway in pyroptosis induced by Patulin (PAT). It was found that PAT induced pyroptosis through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and release of cathepsin B, providing new mechanistic insights into PAT-induced hepatotoxicity. These findings suggest that PAT-induced pyroptosis may be mediated through the autophagy-cathepsin B-inflammasomal pathway in the liver.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tai-Hsin Tsai, Yu-Feng Su, Cheng-Yu Tsai, Chieh-Hsin Wu, Kuan-Ting Lee, Yi-Chiang Hsu
Summary: RTA dh404 is a novel synthetic oleanolic acid derivative with various properties and therapeutic effects on cancers. It reduces glioma cell viability and induces apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle arrest in glioblastoma cells. These effects are mediated by the regulation of associated genes, indicating the potential of RTA dh404 as a drug candidate for glioblastoma treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rajani Rai, Debasish Kumar Dey, Doris Mangiaracina Benbrook, Vishal Chandra
Summary: Endometrial cancer, the most common female cancer, lacks effective treatment options. In this study, the anti-cancerous activity of niclosamide (NIC) against endometrial cancer was evaluated. NIC effectively suppressed the viability, migration, and invasion of endometrial cancer cells by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and inducing apoptosis and autophagy. NIC also inhibited tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. These findings suggest that NIC could be a promising therapeutic agent for endometrial cancer.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yan Wang, Ying Ma, Yongshuai Yao, Qing Liu, Yanting Pang, Meng Tang
Summary: This study assessed the dynamic autophagic state in human vascular endothelial cells exposed to ambient particulate matter by detecting autophagic marker proteins and turnover assays. The results showed that PM SRM1648a can induce excess autophagic vacuoles in cells, with differences in underlying causes based on exposure duration. It was found that LC3II upregulation was due to intensifying autophagic initiation after 6 hours of exposure, while longer exposure periods resulted in defective autophagy and lysosomal dysfunction.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Chun-Han Chang, Bo-Jyun Lin, Chun-Han Chen, Nham-Linh Nguyen, Tsung-Han Hsieh, Jui-Hsin Su, Mei-Chuan Chen
Summary: Bladder cancer (BC) is a common and urgent medical issue, yet the current treatment approaches have limited effectiveness. This study investigated the anti-BC activity of SP-2, a triterpene isolated from a marine sponge. SP-2 suppressed BC cell viability and induced apoptosis through the inhibition of the FGFR3-TACC3/Akt/mTOR pathway, and it also triggered autophagy and upregulated DAPK2 expression to enhance cytotoxicity and apoptosis.
Article
Immunology
Yan Hu, Yingfeng Shi, Hui Chen, Min Tao, Xun Zhou, Jinqing Li, Xiaoyan Ma, Yi Wang, Na Liu
Summary: Hyperuricemia, a common metabolic disease, is closely related to various diseases including chronic kidney disease. This study found that persistent uric acid stimulation activated autophagy and facilitated renal fibrosis in rats with hyperuricemic nephropathy. Inhibition of autophagy prevented the upregulation of markers related to fibrosis in human renal tubular cells exposed to uric acid. Furthermore, uric acid promoted autophagy via the p53 pathway. Inhibiting autophagy also alleviated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, the release of cathepsin B resulting from elevated autophagy and degradation of autophagolysosomes was found to be involved in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In summary, inhibition of autophagy may be a promising therapeutic strategy for hyperuricemic nephropathy by preventing fibrosis and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lin Guo, Yupei Liang, Shiwen Wang, Lihui Li, Lili Cai, Yongqing Heng, Jing Yang, Xing Jin, Junqian Zhang, Shuying Yuan, Tong Xu, Lijun Jia
Summary: JB induces apoptosis and autophagy in human breast cancer cell lines, mediated by NOXA and AMPK signaling pathway. In vivo study confirms JB's anti-breast cancer effect by suppressing tumor growth. Autophagy plays a pro-survival role in attenuating apoptosis induced by JB.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Saara Hamalisto, Jonathan Stahl-Meyer, Marja Jaaettela
Summary: Mitosis, a tightly regulated process in mammalian life, can still result in errors leading to chromosomal instabilities and malignancies. Recent discoveries have shown unexpected roles for autophagy and lysosomes in preserving genomic integrity during mitosis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Lilian Makgoo, Salerwe Mosebi, Zukile Mbita
Summary: A tremendous effort has been made to understand the function of deregulated genes in the carcinogenesis process, such as DAPK-1, which has potential as a biomarker for cancer treatment. DAPK-1 is a tumor-suppressor gene that is hypermethylated in most human cancers and regulates important cellular processes. This review aims to discuss the current understanding of DAPK-1 mechanisms in cell homeostasis-related processes and its impact on carcinogenesis.