Article
Oncology
Fan Lin, Yunqi Liu, Lili Tang, Xiaohui Xu, Xueli Zhang, Yifan Song, Bicheng Chen, Yeping Ren, Xiangdong Yang
Summary: The study demonstrated that rapamycin protects against aristolochic acid-induced nephropathy by activating the mTOR-autophagy axis. This finding provides evidence for rapamycin as a promising pharmacological target for the treatment of aristolochic acid nephropathy.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alaa Abou Daher, Sahar Alkhansa, William S. Azar, Rim Rafeh, Hilda E. Ghadieh, Assaad A. Eid
Summary: Understanding the mechanisms behind diabetic nephropathy (DN) is crucial for developing effective treatments. The mTOR pathway has been identified as a key player in diabetes-induced kidney injury, through its involvement in insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and autophagy regulation.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Andrea Perez-Iturralde, Beatriz Carte, Rafael Aldabe
Summary: The study found that mTOR inhibitors have complex effects on AAV hepatic transduction efficiency, with rapamycin enhancing AAV transduction while RapaLink-1 and MLN0128 do not. This indicates that mTOR inhibition is not a straightforward strategy for improving AAV transduction, and more research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms involved in their effects.
HUMAN GENE THERAPY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiang Li, Kuangqi Chen, Zixi Wang, Jiayuan Li, Xiawei Wang, Chen Xie, Jianping Tong, Ye Shen
Summary: Corneal diseases affect millions of people worldwide and current treatments have limitations. Activation of the mTOR signaling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of various corneal diseases, and inhibition of mTOR with rapamycin has shown promising outcomes, indicating the potential of mTOR as a therapeutic target.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ting Li, Guogang Dong, Yani Kang, Mei Zhang, Xiaoqiang Sheng, Zhilong Wang, Yang Liu, Na Kong, Haixiang Sun
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between excess homocysteine and autophagic activity in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) with hyperandrogenism. The results showed that androgen increased homocysteine concentration by downregulating key enzymes in homocysteine metabolism, leading to enhanced autophagy in ovarian cells through the mTOR signaling pathway.
Review
Cell Biology
Fabrizio Marcucci, Cristiano Rumio
Summary: There is ample evidence that glycolysis can induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and autophagy in tumor cells. Furthermore, upregulation of glycolysis can result in a mixed mesenchymal/autophagic phenotype in tumor cells.
Article
Oncology
Kang Yang, Lan Luan, Xinyu Li, Xu Sun, Jian Yin
Summary: MAPK ERK was identified as a probable autophagy-related transcriptional response during GBM growth. Inhibition of ERK in vivo and in vitro led to cell death, demonstrating its critical role in GBM proliferation and survival. Inhibiting mTOR in combination with ERK showed enhanced antitumor effect on GBM cells, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for GBM treatment.
JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Meng- Zhao, Houting Lv, Na Yang, Guang-Hua Peng
Summary: The study investigated the mechanism of retinal photoreceptor degeneration by establishing a stable retinitis pigmentosa (RP) model. It was found that activation of mTOR may be associated with RP, and the use of mTOR inhibitor rapamycin improved retinal function and photoreceptor thickness and morphology, possibly by activating autophagy to protect retinal photoreceptors.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Baixin Wang, Yuanzhi Zhu, Lei Liu, Binshan Wang, Mei Chen, Jingtao Wang, Limin Yang, JiGuang Liu
Summary: EV71 infection can induce autophagy in the brains, lungs, and muscles of infected mice by simultaneously inhibiting mTOR and activating the ERK pathway. The mTOR and ERK signaling pathways are independent and do not interfere with each other.
Review
Neurosciences
Henry Querfurth, Han-Kyu Lee
Summary: mTOR is involved in regulating energy metabolism, neuronal growth, insulin signaling, and autophagy, playing both beneficial and pathogenic roles in neurodegenerative diseases. Balanced actions of mTOR complexes may have implications for Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Frontotemporal dementia, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Beyond rapamycin, rapalogs with improved tolerability and delivery modes hold promise in treating age-related conditions.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Somaiah Chinnapaka, Katherine S. Yang, Quinn Flowers, Minhal Faisal, Wayne Vincent Nerone, Joseph Peter Rubin, Asim Ejaz
Summary: Adipose tissue plays a crucial role in metabolic regulation and aging can affect fat storage and stem cell regenerative potential. Metformin treatment improves stemness of adipose-derived stem cells by reducing proliferation and adipocyte differentiation, possibly through inhibiting mTOR and ERK signaling and enhancing autophagy. Further evaluations in animal models and humans are needed for potential clinical application of metformin in rejuvenating aged stem cells.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mohamed El-Tanani, Hamdi Nsairat, Alaa A. Aljabali, Angel Serrano-Aroca, Vijay Mishra, Yachana Mishra, Gowhar A. Naikoo, Walhan Alshaer, Murtaza M. Tambuwala
Summary: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a signalling system, is necessary for various cell proliferation activities. It recognizes PI3KAKT stress signals as a serine-threonine kinase. The abnormal regulation of mTOR pathway has been proven to be crucial in cancer growth and advancement. This review primarily discusses the normal functions of mTOR as well as its abnormal roles in cancer development.
Article
Cell Biology
Mariana Borsa, Sandrine Obba, Felix C. Richter, Hanlin Zhang, Thomas Riffelmacher, Joana Carrelha, Ghada Alsaleh, Sten Eirik W. Jacobsen, Anna Katharina Simon
Summary: This study investigates the importance of autophagy in stem cells and finds that autophagy deficiency leads to stem cell loss and bone marrow failure, while inhibition of MTOR can rescue this loss and improve stem cell function.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinyue Xu, Zhongxian Yu, Biqi Han, Siyu Li, Yingshuo Sun, Yu Du, Ziwei Wang, Di Gao, Zhigang Zhang
Summary: Our study found that Luteolin can attenuate kidney injury induced by inorganic mercury (HgCl2) by activating the AMPK/mTOR autophagy pathway. Luteolin reduces the accumulation of HgCl2 in the kidneys and promotes its excretion through urine.
JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Martina P. Morawe, Fan Liao, Willi Amberg, Jeroen van Bergeijk, Rui Chang, Mary Gulino, Caitlin Hamilton, Carolin Hoft, Casey Lumpkin, Bryan Mastis, Emily McGlame, Judith Nuber, Christian Plaas, Brinda Ravikumar, Kaushambi Roy, Marion Schanzenbaecher, Joseph Tierno, Viktor Lakics, Tammy Dellovade, Matthew Townsend
Summary: In this study, the researchers aimed to reduce tau pathology in Alzheimer's Disease by activating mTOR-dependent autophagy. They found that mTOR inhibitors could effectively reduce tau pathology, with PQR530 showing better results even when treatment was started after the onset of pathology. The researchers concluded that intermittent dosing of mTOR inhibitors can have a disease-modifying effect in AD.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)