Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
He Li, Jiang-jiang Li, Wenhua Lu, Jing Yang, Yunfei Xia, Peng Huang
Summary: In this study, high expression of mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) was found to be associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Inhibition of IDH2 enhanced the anticancer activity of cisplatin and increased the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to radiation therapy. Mechanistically, IDH2 inhibition increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, leading to increased sensitivity to cisplatin.
Article
Plant Sciences
Mohd Saleem, Qazi Fariduddin, Christian Danve M. Castroverde
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in regulating various processes in plants, but over-accumulation can lead to oxidative stress, emphasizing the importance of maintaining redox homeostasis. Salicylic acid (SA) serves as a chief regulator in controlling ROS and antioxidant defense system signaling, yet the underlying mechanisms require further exploration.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yijun Lu, Qikai Sun, Qifei Guan, Zechuan Zhang, Qifeng He, Jianbo He, Zetao Ji, Wenfang Tian, Xiaoliang Xu, Yang Liu, Yin Yin, Chang Zheng, Senlin Lian, Bing Xu, Pin Wang, Runqiu Jiang, Beicheng Sun
Summary: This study found that XOR expression is downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and XOR loss in monocyte-derived tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promotes their polarization and CD8(+) T-cell exhaustion, exacerbating HCC progression. XOR depletion also disrupts the tricarboxylic acid cycle and increases adenosine and kynurenic acid production in TAMs, enhancing their immunosuppressive effects. The XOR-IDH3 alpha axis may serve as a therapeutic target against suppressive HCC TAMs.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Austin C. Boese, Sumin Kang
Summary: Cancer cells exhibit abnormal metabolic activity, often preferring aerobic glycolysis, and mitochondrial metabolic pathways are also reprogrammed in cancer. Cancer cells have higher levels of reactive oxygen species compared to non-cancerous cells and must employ diverse metabolic strategies to prevent oxidative stress.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emma Sevilla, M. Teresa Bes, M. Luisa Peleato, Maria F. Fillat
Summary: Proteins belonging to the FUR family, aside from the canonical Fur paralog, play crucial roles in bacterial metabolism, stress defenses, and host-pathogen interactions. Members such as Zur, Irr, BosR, and PerR are essential for virulence, while Nur and Mur contribute significantly to controlling nickel and manganese homeostasis. The diversity in coregulatory metals and action mechanisms of these proteins set them apart from the canonical Fur paralog.
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonardo Matta, Caroline Coelho de Faria, Dahienne F. De Oliveira, Iris Soares Andrade, Niedson Correia Lima-Junior, Bianca Martins Gregorio, Cristina Maeda Takiya, Andrea Claudia Freitas Ferreira, Jose Hamilton M. Nascimento, Denise Pires de Carvalho, Alexander Bartelt, Leonardo Maciel, Rodrigo Soares Fortunato
Summary: The study reveals that chronic exercise improves redox homeostasis and mitochondrial function in white adipose tissue, leading to enhanced antioxidant capacity. This hormetic remodeling of adipocyte redox balance is directly associated with the beneficial effects of exercise.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Md. Ataur Rahman, Kazi Rejvee Ahmed, Farzana Haque, Moon Nyeo Park, Bonglee Kim
Summary: Autophagy is a fundamental process for maintaining cellular homeostasis and survival. It involves the degradation of cellular components to generate energy and maintain stability. It has been found to play a crucial role in disease progression and maintaining redox equilibrium.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qing Tan, Xiaoqian Zhang, Shuxiang Li, Wenbin Liu, Jiaqi Yan, Siqi Wang, Feng Cui, Dan Li, Jun Li
Summary: Through genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening, researchers have identified DMT1 as a key regulator of mitochondrial membrane potential. DMT1 deficiency increases activity of mitochondrial complex I and decreases activity of complex III. This differential regulation leads to improved antioxidant capacity and suppression of ferroptosis. Additionally, alternative methods of increasing mitochondrial NAD+, such as NMN, show similar protective effects, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies for ferroptosis-related pathologies.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maithily S. Nanadikar, Ana M. Vergel Leon, Jia Guo, Gijsbert J. van Belle, Aline Jatho, Elvina S. Philip, Astrid F. Brandner, Rainer A. Boeckmann, Runzhu Shi, Anke Zieseniss, Carla M. Siemssen, Katja Dettmer, Susanne Brodesser, Marlen Schmidtendorf, Jingyun Lee, Hanzhi Wu, Cristina M. Furdui, Soren Brandenburg, Joseph R. Burgoyne, Ivan Bogeski, Jan Riemer, Arpita Chowdhury, Peter Rehling, Tobias Bruegmann, Vsevolod V. Belousov, Dorthe M. Katschinski
Summary: The authors identify the gamma-subunit of IDH3 as a redox switch linking oxidative stress to impaired metabolism and heart function, providing new insights into the relationship between redox signaling and cardiac function. They demonstrate that increased endogenous production of H2O2 leads to reversible impairment of cardiac contractility and identify specific cysteine residues in IDH3 gamma as critical for H2O2-dependent regulation of IDH3 activity.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elisabetta Catalani, Kashi Brunetti, Simona Del Quondam, Davide Cervia
Summary: This article discusses the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and retinal pathology related to RGC degeneration, as well as the potential for neuroprotection using redox-related strategies.
Article
Oncology
Fang-Fang Zhuo, Ling Li, Ting-Ting Liu, Xiao-Min Liang, Zhuo Yang, Yong-Zhe Zheng, Qian-Wei Luo, Jia-Hong Lu, Dan Liu, Ke-Wu Zeng, Peng-Fei Tu
Summary: In this study, it was found that the natural-derived anti-colorectal cancer small molecule lycorine targets a unique C-terminal domain of IDH1, disrupting its interaction with SIRT1 and promoting IDH1 acetylation modification, resulting in oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics imbalance in CRC cells. Knockdown of IDH1 or SIRT1 aggravated these effects, while the combination of lycorine and NAM showed a synergic therapeutic effect in CRC cells.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi-Hsuan Wu, Hsi-Lung Hsieh
Summary: Bioenergetic mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature of various diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Redox imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction play important roles in the development of Alzheimer's disease. This review summarizes the evidence for redox imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease, and discusses current therapeutic strategies related to mitochondrial maintenance.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Xudong Sun, Shuang Gao, Shengbin Luo, Renxu Chang, Hongdou Jia, Qiushi Xu, Qianming Jiang, Juan J. Loor, Chuang Xu
Summary: The metabolic stress after calving leads to mitochondrial damage in bovine mammary epithelial cells. The key protein-coding gene MCUR1 mediates mitochondrial calcium ion (Ca2+) uptake and plays a vital role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. This study aimed to investigate how MCUR1-mediated Ca2+ homeostasis affects bovine mammary epithelial cell mitochondria during an inflammatory challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results showed that LPS induced MCUR1 overexpression, increased mitochondrial Ca2+ content and reactive oxygen species, and led to mitochondrial damage and apoptosis. Overall, MCUR1-mediated Ca2+ homeostasis could be a potential target for treating mitochondrial damage in bovine mammary epithelial cells.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Tao Si, Xuejian Ning, Hongwei Zhao, Mingmin Zhang, Ping Huang, Zhengguo Hu, Liu Yang, Lizhu Lin
Summary: The study found that miR-9-5p promotes proliferation, invasion, and migration of HCC cells by regulating the expression of PDK4, enhancing mitochondrial activity and energy metabolism, while suppressing apoptosis, ultimately increasing tumorigenicity in mouse xenograft models. This suggests that miR-9-5p and PDK4 could be potential therapeutic targets for preventing recurrence and metastasis of HCC.
CANCER GENE THERAPY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yang Li, Xiaoyue Zhang, Zhihan Wang, Bowen Li, Huili Zhu
Summary: Cancer treatment is hindered by resistance to conventional therapeutic strategies, and redox homeostasis manipulation can effectively overcome drug resistance. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate multiple signaling pathways and cancer cells upregulate their antioxidant system to cope with elevated ROS levels during therapy, resulting in therapeutic resistance. This review highlights the interplay between redox modification, signaling pathways, and therapeutic resistance, including altered drug efflux, action targets and metabolism, enhanced DNA damage repair, maintained stemness, and reshaped tumor microenvironment. A comprehensive understanding of these interrelationships can improve treatment efficacy.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)