Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Rongwei Sun, Tingting Liu, Xudong Chen, Liming Yao
Summary: This paper proposes a bi-level programming approach to seek an optimal biomass-coal co-firing method under a carbon emissions allowance allocation scheme for low-carbon power generation. The optimization method fully considers the hierarchy of multiple decision makers and environmental-economic equilibrium for global optimization. The analysis indicates that power plants with lower biomass utilization are more sensitive to carbon emissions constraints, and relaxed constraints could encourage biomass utilization but strict constraints may have adverse effects on economic development.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Fan Hu, Pengfei Li, Tai Zhang, Feifei Wang, Pengfei Cheng, Yaowei Liu, Guodong Shi, Zhaohui Liu
Summary: This study experimentally investigates the performance of a sawdust and bituminous coal blend under MILD combustion conditions and measures the PM2.5 emissions. The results show that MILD combustion of the blend can reduce fuel-NO emissions by at least 45.5% compared to conventional swirl flame combustion. Additionally, the PM2.5 emissions are decreased by over 37%. The findings suggest that MILD combustion is an effective method to utilize biomass fuel blends on a large scale.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yuxing Tang, Zhongyang Luo, Chunjiang Yu
Summary: The C-14 method is used to determine the proportion of carbon derived from biomass and fossil fuel in co-fired flue gas, with accuracy limited by deviations between reference and virtual values. This study enriched the theoretical basis of the C-14 method for Chinese biomass and coal co-firing power stations through field experiments and a new evaluation method based on domestic literature. It revealed differences in C-14 activity between biomass far from fossil carbon sources, highlighting the importance of establishing a prediction equation for referential biomass fuels' C-14 activity.
Article
Environmental Sciences
D. R. Johnson, S. Sun, A. K. Huang, T. W. Hertel
Summary: This study analyzes the costs associated with reducing greenhouse gas emissions by co-firing corn stover with coal in 71 coal-fired power plants in the Midwest USA. It found that lower abatement costs are primarily linked to higher co-firing rates and higher estimated coal unit costs, while local corn yield and collection radius have minimal impact on abatement costs across different power plants. The study advances understanding of the variability in abatement costs by modeling feasible production scenarios using actual data.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Huqin Zheng, Baozhong Zhu, Yanan Wang, Yunlan Sun
Summary: This study utilized computational fluid dynamics software to simulate the combustion behavior of biomass and NH3 under various operating conditions. The findings revealed the effects of different parameters, such as stoichiometric ratios and NH3 ratios, on temperature and pollutant emissions. The results can provide important insights for further research on biomass/NH3 co-firing.
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hariana Hariana, Moch Zulfikar Eka Prayoga, Arif Darmawan, Edi Hilmawan, Muhammad Prabowo, Muhammad Aziz
Summary: In order to reduce CO2 emissions, Indonesian power generation companies are exploring co-firing coal with biomass. This research suggests that a mixture of 10% sorghum and 90% coal is the best combination for co-firing.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wenyu Mo, Kuan Du, Yi Sun, Minruo Guo, Chao Zhou, Mo You, Jun Xu, Long Jiang, Yi Wang, Sheng Su, Song Hu, Jun Xiang
Summary: This study conducted an analysis on direct co-firing and pyrolysis co-firing systems in a typical 600 MW coal-fired power plant in China. The performance of different biomass sources and co-firing ratios were assessed in terms of technological, environmental, and economic dimensions. The findings showed that pyrolysis co-firing had lower thermal and exergy efficiency compared to direct co-firing, with sawdust having the smallest impact on boiler efficiency. The study also discussed different feeding methods and proposed the economic feasibility of both co-firing systems.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ying Yu, Liang Xu, Guangqing Zhu, Yi Liu, Yanqing Niu
Summary: Preheating co-firing of coal and biomass can synergistically reduce the emissions of particulate matter and nitric oxide. The emissions of PM and NO are influenced by various operating parameters, including temperature, excess air ratio, residence time, etc. Under optimum parameters, the emissions of PM and NO can be reduced by 30.88% and 48.01% respectively.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jiangkuan Xing, Kun Luo, Ryoichi Kurose, Jianren Fan
Summary: Coal/biomass co-firing is a sustainable alternative to reduce emissions from fossil fuel utilization. An extended FPV model was developed to study the combustion characteristics of the co-firing flame, and it was found that the model could well reproduce the flame behaviors in different combustion stages.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fei Zhao, Yalou Li, Xiaoxin Zhou, Dandan Wang, Yawei Wei, Fang Li
Summary: Coal-fired power plants can effectively reduce carbon emissions through ammonia-coal co-firing technology. We propose a low-carbon power supply and multi-timescale energy storage system, which includes batteries, fuel cells and the coal-fired power plant equipped with the ammonia-coal co-combustion module. This system can handle short and long term fluctuations in renewable energy and we use optimization models and simulations to analyze its economic and environmental performances.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hariana, Hanafi Prida Putra, Prabowo, Edi Hilmawan, Arif Darmawan, Keiichi Mochida, Muhammad Aziz
Summary: This study investigated the potential slagging and fouling when co-firing coal with different biomasses and found that co-firing coal with palm oil empty fruit bunch-frond, wood chip, or rice husk at a 25% blend offered similar combustion characteristics, gas emissions, ash deposits, and mineralogy. Co-firing with less than 25% solid recovered fuel requires further investigation to mitigate the slagging and fouling tendency. These findings are important for identifying suitable biomass fuels for co-firing with coal in power plants.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Lv, Liang Xu, Yanqing Niu, Guangyao Wang, Yu Lei, Haiyu Huang, Shi'en Hui
Summary: Co-firing with coal can reduce the severe slagging during biomass combustion, but it results in higher deposition efficiency than in unblended coal/biomass combustion. The deposition efficiency showed a nonmonotonic downward trend as biomass fractions increased, with intensified sintering degree. Formation of Ca sulfates and Fe-AAEMs aluminosilicates during co-firing enriched Ca, S, Al, and Fe in deposits, promoting melt-induced agglomeration.
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Debo Li, Ning Zhao, Yongxin Feng, Zhiwen Xie
Summary: The study found that co-firing Shenhua coal semi-char with straw under oxy-fuel conditions can significantly decrease ignition temperature and improve comprehensive combustion behavior.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Liang Xu, Guangqing Zhu, Yanqing Niu
Summary: This study investigates the preheating co-firing behavior of coal and biomass and its impact on PM and NO emissions. It shows that preheating combustion reduces PM1, PM1-10, and NO emissions from coal by 22.30%, 10.75%, and 49.84% respectively, and reduces emissions from biomass by 28.61%, 15.16%, and 53.01% respectively compared to conventional combustion. Preheating co-firing experiments reveal that as the co-firing ratio increases, NO emissions decrease, but the emissions of PM1 initially decrease and then increase, reaching a minimum at a co-firing ratio of 25%. The lower the rank of the coal, the better the effect of preheating combustion and preheating co-firing, and the ash content and composition of coal also impact the generation of PM1.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Fan Hu, Pengfei Li, Tai Zhang, Daohua Zu, Pengfei Cheng, Yaowei Liu, Jianchun Mi, Zhaohui Liu
Summary: This study investigates the co-firing of residual char and bituminous coal under moderate or intense low-oxygen dilution (MILD) conditions. The results show that MILD co-combustion through an asymmetrical single nozzle achieves the lowest peak temperature and the most uniform distributions of temperature, heat flux, and gas compositions in the furnace. It reduces NO emissions by 57% compared to swirl low-NO flame co-combustion and achieves a burnout rate of 94%. Overall, this study expands the fuel flexibility of MILD combustion, even for residual char fuel blends.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Pramod Kumar, Amar Nath Sinha
JOURNAL OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING
(2018)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Pramod Kumar, Amar Nath Sinha
WELDING IN THE WORLD
(2019)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Md Parwez Alam, Amar Nath Sinha
Summary: This paper proposes a heat-assisted backing plate for preheating the workpiece in friction stir welding, and the experiments show that preheating can improve weld joint quality, increase tensile strength, and extend tool life.
ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Pramod Kumar, Amar Nath Sinha, Chetan Kumar Hirwani, Akhilesh Kumar Singh, Piyush Kumar Pathak, M. Murugan, A. Saravanan
Summary: Depositing NiTi wire on stainless steel using the TIG cladding process can significantly improve hardness and wear resistance of the material, offering better performance. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the NiTi cladding are mainly governed by TIG process parameters, with TIG current playing a crucial role in the results.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF METALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Pramod Kumar, Amar Nath Sinha, Chetan Kumar Hirwani, M. Murugan, A. Saravanan, Akhilesh Kumar Singh
Summary: The influence of welding current in TIG welding of austenitic stainless steel 304L thin sheet on temperature distribution, microstructure, and mechanical properties was investigated. The microstructures and mechanical properties of TIG welded specimens at varying welding current were explored. The phases of the weld zone were also studied by XRD analysis, and tensile tests were conducted to measure UTS and percentage elongation.
JOURNAL OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Md Saquib Bin Reyaz, Amar Nath Sinha
Summary: The study investigates the influence of welding current, travel speed, and gas flow rate on response parameters such as UTS, PE, MH, and RS using FCCCD. Dissimilar AA6061-T6 and AA7075-T6 plates were welded with TIG process. Mathematical models were developed to predict mechanical properties. Higher welding current or slower travel speed improved joint quality but increased residual stresses. The optimized UTS, PE, MH, and RS were predicted to be 167.28 MPa, 10.25%, 69.61 HV, and 65.49 MPa, respectively, at a welding current of 145 A, travel speed of 1.28 mm/s, and gas flow rate of 18 l/min. Confirmation experiments were performed to validate the model's practicality. The results show that travel speed has the most significant influence on the responses, followed by welding current, while gas flow rate has the least effect.
ENGINEERING OPTIMIZATION
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Atul Srivastava, Amar Nath Sinha, Suresh Kant Verma
Summary: The properties of steels vary depending on their compositions, phases, and microstructures formed during heat treatment. Eutectoid steel, with limited carbon content, holds a crucial position in the Industrial world. Various numerical methods have been developed to predict the microstructural development and volume changes during heat treatment. Understanding microstructural development is essential to predict mechanical properties and stress-strain generation during operation.
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Manufacturing
Pramod Kumar, Amar Nath Sinha
ADVANCES IN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND JOINING, AIMTDR 2018
(2020)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pramod Kumar, Amar Nath Sinha
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2020)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Industrial
Md Parwez Alam, Amar Nath Sinha
TRENDS IN MANUFACTURING PROCESSES, ICFTMM 2018
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Pramod Kumar, Amar Nath Sinha
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING MATERIALS AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(2019)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Manufacturing
Pramod Kumar, Amar Nath Sinha
ADVANCES IN INDUSTRIAL AND PRODUCTION ENGINEERING
(2019)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Pramod Kumar, Amar Nath Sinha
WORLD JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING
(2019)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
M. Genovese, F. Piraino, P. Fragiacomo
Summary: This research proposes the concept of a hydrogen valley in southern Italy, where hydrogen is produced centrally and delivered via fuel cell hybrid trains to refueling stations, providing transportation services. The analysis from both technical and economic perspectives shows that the cost of hydrogen and energy efficiency reached competitive levels, and hydrogen rail transport offers significant benefits in terms of emissions reduction and economic gains compared to conventional diesel trains and fully electric trains.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Miaomiao Liu, Payam Nejat, Pinlu Cao, Carlos Jimenez-Bescos, John Kaiser Calautit
Summary: This article provides a critical review of the performance of windcatchers, pointing out the current research gaps and issues, and proposing directions for further investigation and market prospects.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Solomon Boadu, Ebenezer Otoo
Summary: Despite Africa's vast energy resources, including wind energy, the continent faces challenges in developing its wind energy industry. Northern African countries and South Africa currently dominate the wind energy sector in Africa. To uplift Africa's socio-economic status, strong political will, supportive policies, and institutional frameworks are needed to drive the development of wind energy and overcome existing challenges.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
E. K. Grubbs, S. M. Gruss, V. Z. Schull, M. J. Gosney, M. V. Mickelbart, S. Brouder, M. W. Gitau, P. Bermel, M. R. Tuinstra, R. Agrawal
Summary: As the global population grows, the demand for food, energy, and water will increase significantly. However, limited land availability and competition for solar resources pose challenges to resource generation technologies. In the United States, both agriculture and solar energy production have adopted densification schemes to improve yields and energy output per unit of land. This research proposes an Agrivoltaic food and energy coproduction architecture that optimizes power generation while maintaining crop productivity by implementing ideal anti-tracking during critical growth periods. This technology offers a viable pathway for widespread solar implementation throughout the contiguous United States.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Han Shao, Rui Henriques, Hugo Morais, Elisabetta Tedeschi
Summary: The integration of offshore wind energy into the electric grid provides opportunities in terms of environmental sustainability and cost efficiency, but poses challenges to power quality. This survey offers a deeper understanding of disturbance detection and classification tools, exploring root causes, disturbance locations, and algorithmic solutions. It highlights synchronized waveform measurement and discusses evaluation metrics for detection and classification algorithms. Additionally, a novel system-wide monitoring framework is proposed.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Eleni Davidson, Yair Schwartz, Joe Williams, Dejan Mumovic
Summary: A continued upward trend in global greenhouse gas emissions poses risks to global infrastructure and built assets. Maintaining high indoor environmental quality standards is a challenge for higher education institutions under future climates. Passive cooling mechanisms may be insufficient to tolerate predicted temperature increases. Different building typologies have varying energy demand projections.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kexin Pang, Jian Zhou, Stamatis Tsianikas, David W. Coit, Yizhong Ma
Summary: This study proposes a new framework for long-term microgrid expansion planning, using deep reinforcement learning method to consider various uncertainties and constraints. The framework aims to enhance the effectiveness of microgrid expansion planning from the perspectives of economy, resilience, and greenhouse gas emission reduction.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jun Zhao, Kangyin Dong, Xiucheng Dong
Summary: The continuous growth of global electricity penetration has provided modern energy for alleviating energy poverty, but its impact on carbon neutrality has been overlooked. The research reveals that clean electricity from traditional fossil energy and renewable energy has a positive influence on the greenhouse effect. Eradicating energy poverty can effectively alleviate the greenhouse effect, especially in non-Belt and Road Initiative (B&RI) nations.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hossein Shahbeik, Hamed Kazemi Shariat Panahi, Mona Dehhaghi, Gilles J. Guillemin, Alireza Fallahi, Homa Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha, Hamid Amiri, Mohammad Rehan, Deepak Raikwar, Hannes Latine, Bruno Pandalone, Benyamin Khoshnevisan, Christian Sonne, Luigi Vaccaro, Abdul-Sattar Nizami, Vijai Kumar Gupta, Su Shiung Lam, Junting Pan, Rafael Luque, Bert Sels, Wanxi Peng, Meisam Tabatabaei, Mortaza Aghbashlo
Summary: This review explores the production of biocrude oil from biomass feedstocks through the process of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). It discusses the impact of process parameters on the quality, quantity, cost, and environmental impacts of biofuels. The review also highlights the challenges and prospects for the future development of biocrude oil.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Meysam Majidi Nezhad, Mehdi Neshat, Georgios Sylaios, Davide Astiaso Garcia
Summary: Digital twins promise innovation for the marine renewable energy sector by using modern technological advances and the existing maritime knowledge frameworks. This research presents critical aspects of digital twin implementation challenges in marine energy digitalization approaches that use and combine data systems.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yeganeh Sharifian, Hamdi Abdi
Summary: This paper discusses the background and objectives of the multi-area economic dispatch problem, as well as various techniques and methods applied in this field. It also covers comprehensive formulations of the problem and important issues in the field of probabilistic MAED, along with some related concepts and suggestions.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
J. G. B. Churchill, V. B. Borugadda, A. K. Dalai
Summary: The increasing global energy demand and the need to reduce fossil fuel reliance have created a demand for renewable and sustainable fuel sources. This review explores the potential of tall oil, a by-product of the pulping industry, as a feedstock for biofuels. The review provides an overview of tall oil production, purification, and treatment, and investigates recent trends and barriers towards tall oil-derived biofuels.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
David C. Broadstock, Xiangnan Wang
Summary: This study provides a general review of research on district cooling, identifying key topics and themes and highlighting potential research priorities for future studies.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
L. Scharnhorst, D. Sloot, N. Lehmann, A. Ardone, W. Fichtner
Summary: This study investigates and analyzes the barriers to demand response in industrial and commercial sectors, highlighting their significance. Concerns about diminished product quality, disruptions to production processes, human resource management, and revenue uncertainty are identified as the most frequently cited barriers. Overcoming these barriers requires bridging knowledge gaps, allocating sufficient resources, and adapting external incentives and policies.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Tong Feng, Yuechi Sun, Yating Shi, Jie Ma, Chunmei Feng, Zhenni Chen
Summary: Air pollution is a significant global challenge, and policymakers have implemented policies to reduce it. Evaluating the effectiveness of these policies is critical, and our study reveals trends and gaps in air pollution policy research. We found that research has shifted from focusing solely on air pollutants to including methodologies, policies, and health implications. China has emerged as a major contributor in this field of research.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)