Article
Plant Sciences
Aleksandra Nazieblo, Hanna M. Merlak, Malgorzata H. Wierzbicka
Summary: Maize has a high tolerance to lead, especially in its photosynthetic tissue. The existence of bundle sheath cells in maize leaves is responsible for inhibiting the flow of lead ions into the ground tissue, thus minimizing the toxic effect of lead on photosynthesis.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiuru Dai, Xiaoyu Tu, Baijuan Du, Pengfei Dong, Shilei Sun, Xianglan Wang, Jing Sun, Gang Li, Tiegang Lu, Silin Zhong, Pinghua Li
Summary: Through analyzing BS and M cells isolated from maize leaves using multiple techniques, it was found that chromatin accessibility coordinates with epigenetic features to regulate gene expression, and the preferential expression of genes in specific cell types is finely tuned by multiple chromatin features. This coordination is critical in ensuring the cell type-specific function of key C-4 genes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peng Gao, Pengfei Wang, Baijuan Du, Pinghua Li, Byung-Ho Kang
Summary: C4 photosynthesis in maize leaf involves the exchange of organic acids between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells, which is mediated by plasmodesmata. Changes in plasmodesmata and cell wall suberization affect the symplastic transport between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells. When there are differences in chloroplast morphology, plasmodesmata acquire sphincter and cytoplasmic sleeves, and suberin is discerned in the cell wall. Mutants affected in C4 cycle show earlier remodeling of plasmodesmata, inhibition of symplastic transport, and suberization of the cell wall compared to the wild type.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Robert J. DiMario, Rita Giuliani, Nerea Ubierna, Aaron D. Slack, Asaph B. Cousins, Anthony J. Studer
Summary: Carbonic anhydrase is an essential enzyme for C-4 photosynthesis, but in the maize ca1ca2ca8 plants, its activity is insufficient to sustain the C-4 carbon-concentrating mechanism.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Chandra Bellasio, Maria Ermakova
Summary: When C-4 leaves are exposed to low light, acclimation strategies involving limitation of CO2 leakage, increased light penetration, and upregulation of cyclic electron flow in the bundle sheath can sustain photosynthetic efficiency.
Review
Plant Sciences
Robert T. Furbank, Steven Kelly
Summary: The two-cell type C-4 photosynthetic pathway requires both anatomical and biochemical specialization to achieve a functional CO2-concentrating mechanism. Partitioning of carbohydrate synthesis between the cell types of C-4 leaves shows that sucrose is predominantly synthesized in the mesophyll cells and starch in the bundle sheath cells. This partitioning may be a consequence of C-4 metabolism or a requirement for its evolution and efficient operation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yunying Cao, Tingyu Shan, Hui Fang, Kangtai Sun, Wen Shi, Bei Tang, Junping Wu, Kai Wang, Ping Li, Baohua Wang
Summary: In this study, we identified 59 SOS3 genes in the maize B73 genome and found a close relationship between phylogenetic classification and gene structure. Gene duplication was found to play an important role in the expansion of the SOS3 gene family. The expression analysis and subcellular localization results demonstrated differential gene expression and localization during salt treatment.
Review
Plant Sciences
George Karabourniotis, Georgios Liakopoulos, Panagiota Bresta, Dimosthenis Nikolopoulos
Summary: Leaves have evolved unique structures to efficiently utilize light and balance photosynthesis with water loss under different light conditions. Various structural elements in leaves play important roles in light capture and propagation, optimized through evolution to adapt to diverse environments.
Article
Plant Sciences
Wen-Juan Liu, Hao Liu, Yang-Er Chen, Yan Yin, Zhong-Wei Zhang, Jun Song, Li-Juan Chang, Fu-Li Zhang, Dong Wang, Xiao-Hang Dai, Chao Wei, Mei Xiong, Shu Yuan, Jun Zhao
Summary: Bundle sheath cells in C4 plants have a superior capacity for dissipation of excitation energy, which may be an environmental adaptation unique to C4 plants. This study found that bundle sheath chloroplasts have a much higher non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and a more rapid dephosphorylation of light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) subunits under drought stress compared to mesophyll chloroplasts. This may be one of the reasons for the lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species in bundle sheath chloroplasts.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Priscila R. dos Santos-Donado, Carlos M. Donado-Pestana, Rebeca Kawahara, Livia Rosa-Fernandes, Giuseppe Palmisano, Flavio Finardi-Filho
Summary: Biofortification has led to the development of quality protein maize (QPM) with essential amino acids. Study comparing QPM cultivars with a non-QPM hybrid in Brazil showed compositional equivalence with differential expression of proteins, indicating superior nutritional value and susceptibility to pathogens.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Tamires Soares Yule, Rosani do Carmo de Oliveira Arruda, Mauro Guida Santos
Summary: Species in dry environments adjust their anatomical and physiological behaviors based on specific environmental conditions. Legume leaves in a seasonally dry forest vary across a water availability gradient, with wet and indifferent species changing traits in drier areas and dry species changing traits when more water is available.
JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ghulam Mustafa, Muhammad Sarwar Khan
Summary: Plastid transformation in sugarcane was achieved using biolistic transformation and embryogenesis-based regeneration approaches. The study demonstrated the successful transformation of plastids with antibiotic resistance genes in sugarcane, leading to the development of heteroplasmic transgenic plants. The unique properties of bundle sheath and mesophyll cells in sugarcane result in the segregation of transgenic shoots on streptomycin-containing medium.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandre P. Marand, Zongliang Chen, Andrea Gallavotti, Robert J. Schmitz
Summary: By analyzing single-cell genomics data from six maize organs, researchers identified cis-regulatory factors and trans-regulatory factors, revealing the crucial role of cell-type-specific regulatory elements in gene expression regulation, and developed the single-cell analysis software Socrates for studying cis-regulatory variation in various species.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sandrien Desmet, Yvan Saeys, Kevin Verstaen, Rebecca Dauwe, Hoon Kim, Claudiu Niculaes, Atsushi Fukushima, Geert Goeminne, Ruben Vanholme, John Ralph, Wout Boerjan, Kris Morreel
Summary: This study profiled five maize organs using different liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods and identified 427 compounds, including phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, benzoxazinoids, and auxin-related compounds. The analysis of candidate substrate-product pair networks revealed that phenylpropanoids are present in all organs, while other metabolic classes are organ-enriched. The findings provide important insights into the metabolic pathways and systems biology of maize.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Wenlei Cao, Huimin Zhang, Yong Zhou, Jianhua Zhao, Shuaibing Lu, Xiaoqiu Wang, Xijun Chen, Liming Yuan, Haiying Guan, Guangda Wang, Wangxin Shen, David De Vleesschauwer, Zhiqiang Li, Xiaopin Shi, Junfei Gu, Min Guo, Zhiming Feng, Zongxiang Chen, Yafang Zhang, Xuebiao Pan, Wende Liu, Guohua Liang, Changjie Yan, Keming Hu, Qiaoquan Liu, Shimin Zuo
Summary: The study reveals that chlorophyll plays an important role in rice resistance to sheath blight and suppressing chlorophyll degradation induced by R. solani infection apparently improves rice sheath blight resistance.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yosia Mugume, Geng Ding, Maria Emilia Duenas, Meiling Liu, Young-Jin Lee, Basil J. Nikolau, Diane C. Bassham
Summary: This study investigated the impact of autophagy on plant lipid content and composition using Arabidopsis mutants. The results showed that autophagy affects plant lipid concentrations and properties such as chain length and unsaturation.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Evan A. Larson, Josiah J. Rensner, Kristina R. Larsen, Bryan Bellaire, Young Jin Lee
Summary: A new antimicrobial susceptibility test utilizing deuterium labeling of membrane lipids to track bacterial growth has been developed and validated. This method can differentiate between resistant and susceptible strains of bacteria and has clinical relevance.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Josiah J. Rensner, Young Jin Lee
Summary: This study developed a highly efficient hydrogen-deuterium exchange technique for more accurate metabolite identification in MALDI-MS imaging, while retaining spatial information. By combining deuterium-labeled matrix and D2O vapor, an HDX efficiency of 73-85% was achieved. This method can systematically improve untargeted metabolite annotation through METASPACE annotation.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Evan A. Larson, Trevor T. Forsman, Lachlan Stuart, Theodore Alexandrov, Young Jin Lee
Summary: In this study, a pipeline for rigorous annotation of on-tissue derivatized MSI data using Metaspace was presented and validated. The pipeline enabled fast and accurate annotations of metabolites, and a method to remove false derivatized annotations was developed. This pipeline facilitates broadly targeted spatial metabolomics using multiple derivatization reagents.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andrew E. Paulson, Young Jin Lee
Summary: KMD plot analysis is an efficient method to visually display complex high-resolution mass spectral data and rapidly determine heteroatom content and unsaturation levels of different compound classes. Research shows that fingerprint lipid oxidation changes over time, leading to complex changes in mass spectral features that correlate with fingerprint age.
ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yosia Mugume, Geng Ding, Maria Emilia Duenas, Meiling Liu, Young-Jin Lee, Basil J. Nikolau, Diane C. Bassham
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Maria Emilia Duenas, Rachel E. Peltier-Heap, Melanie Leveridge, Roland S. Annan, Frank H. Buttner, Matthias Trost
Summary: High-throughput screening is a key method in early drug discovery. Recent developments in mass spectrometry and automation have revolutionized its application, allowing for label-free assays that are cheaper, faster, and more physiologically relevant than traditional methods. This review discusses the current techniques, advantages, and disadvantages of mass spectrometry in drug discovery, as well as its potential in multiplexed cellular assays.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Andrew E. Paulson, W. Ranjith Premasiri, Lawrence D. Ziegler, Young Jin Lee
Summary: Spectroscopy and mass spectrometry techniques are combined in a workflow using metal nanoparticle doped sol-gel substrates, initially developed for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) analysis, as surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) substrates. This combined technique allows for the observation of heme-related spectral features and blood triacylglycerols, demonstrating the dual functionality of the techniques. The gold NP sol-gel substrate for SALDI-MS shows lower background compared to the silver substrate.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Leonie Muller, Amy K. Burton, Chloe L. Tayler, James E. Rowedder, Jonathan P. Hutchinson, Simon Peace, Julie M. Quayle, Melanie Leveridge, Roland S. Annan, Matthias Trost, Rachel Peltier-Heap, Maria Emilia Duenas
Summary: This article describes the development of a novel, high-throughput screening method based on MALDI-TOF MS for fast and label-free drug discovery of ERAP1. The peptide YTAFTIPSI was trimmed into TAFTIPSI to improve ionization efficiency. The optimal conditions for the new assay were established on the MALDI-TOF MS platform and compared to the established RF MS setup, showing comparable performance with several advantages for the MALDI-TOF MS platform.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Trevor T. Forsman, Andrew E. Paulson, Evan A. Larson, Torey Looft, Young Jin Lee
Summary: A derivatization method using N,N,N-trimethyl-2-(piperazin-1-yl)ethan-1-aminium iodide is proposed to chemically modify short-chain fatty acids in chicken cecum, ileum, and jejunum tissue sections before sample preparation for MSI visualization.
JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Daphne R. Patten, Andrew E. Paulson, Trevor T. Forsman, Young Jin Lee
Summary: Determining the age of a fingerprint has been a challenge in forensic science, and this study proposes a method based on the chemical profile of fingerprint lipids to estimate the time since deposition (TSD). The degradation of unsaturated triacylglycerols (TGs) in fingerprints is found to be influenced by ozone concentration and ambient temperature. A kinetics model is developed to describe the decay of unsaturated TGs, and it is successfully applied to analyze the aging of fingerprints in an ambient environment.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Amy L. George, Frances R. Sidgwick, Jessica E. Watt, Mathew P. Martin, Matthias Trost, Jose Luis Marin-Rubio, Maria Emilia Duenas
Summary: Thermal proteome profiling (TPP) is a powerful approach to studying the interactions of therapeutic molecules with proteins. Isobaric tandem mass tags (TMTs) are commonly used in TPP analysis, but data-independent acquisition (DIA) approaches offer higher sensitivity and protein coverage with reduced costs. In this study, different DIA-based label-free quantification approaches were compared to TMT-DDA for thermal shift quantitation, and it was found that DIA approaches are a cost-effective alternative.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jose Luis Marin-Rubio, Rachel E. Peltier-Heap, Maria Emilia Duenas, Tiaan Heunis, Abeer Dannoura, Joseph Inns, Jonathan Scott, A. John Simpson, Helen J. Blair, Olaf Heidenreich, James M. Allan, Jessica E. Watt, Mathew P. Martin, Barbara Saxty, Matthias Trost
Summary: In this study, a label-free cellular phenotypic drug discovery assay was developed to identify anti-inflammatory drugs in acute myeloid leukemia cells. The results showed that nilotinib, but not imatinib, could block inflammatory responses. Further investigation revealed that nilotinib binds to p38α and inhibits the p38α-MK2/3 signaling axis, thereby suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, cell adhesion, and innate immunity markers in activated monocytes derived from AML.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)