Review
Infectious Diseases
Keyu Ren, Chunming Yong, Yanting Wang, Hongyun Wei, Kun Zhao, Baoguo He, Mingjuan Cui, Yunqing Chen, Jin Wang
Summary: The objective of this review was to explore the association between CMVP and immunosuppressive therapy in IBD patients, and to emphasize the significance of CMV as an opportunistic pathogen and its potential impact on morbidity and mortality. Records and clinical trajectories related to CMVP in IBD patients were retrieved from the PubMed database, with no language barriers. Our findings showed that CMVP primarily occurs during Crohn's disease remission and azathioprine is the main immunosuppressant linked to CMV reactivation. Prompt antiviral therapy can greatly improve patient outcomes, and CMV vaccine might serve as a potential prevention strategy.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Joshua Kwon, Daniela Fluxa, Francis A. Farraye, Paul T. Kroner
Summary: The study found a significant association between IBD and CMV colitis, with a higher occurrence rate in patients with UC. Patients with CD and CMV colitis had increased odds of mortality, shock, and ICU stay, while patients with UC had a higher likelihood of undergoing colectomy. Patients with IBD and CMV colitis also experienced higher odds of acute kidney injury, multiorgan failure, increased hospital costs, and longer hospital stays compared to those without CMV colitis. Prospectively designed studies are needed to further investigate the risk factors and impact of CMV colitis on IBD patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hala Fatani, Adina Olaru, Rebecca Stevenson, Waad Alharazi, Ayman Jafer, Philip Atherton, Matthew Brook, Gordon Moran
Summary: There is increasing evidence of higher prevalence of sarcopenia in IBD patients due to increased muscle atrophy. This systematic review aimed to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia in IBD patients, investigate its impact on patients, and assess the effectiveness of nutritional interventions. The review included 35 studies and found that over one third of adult IBD patients have myopenia or pre-sarcopenia, and nearly a fifth have sarcopenia. Myopenic IBD is associated with increased risk of therapy failure, postoperative complications, low bone mineral density (BMD), and potential risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Personalized nutrition plans may improve muscle mass in IBD patients.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tim Raine, Bram Verstockt, Uri Kopylov, Konstantinos Karmiris, Rimma Goldberg, Raja Atreya, Johan Burisch, John Burke, Pierre Ellul, Charlotte Hedin, Stefan D. Holubar, Konstantinos Katsanos, Triana Lobaton, Carsten Schmidt, Garret Cullen
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic condition with varying degrees of severity and activity. Some patients do not respond to approved treatments, requiring a systematic approach involving medical options, surgery, and support services. This review aims to guide clinicians by providing an accurate summary of available evidence for different strategies.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Panupong Luangsirithanya, Sukrit Treewaree, Ananya Pongpaibul, Nonthalee Pausawasdi, Julajak Limsrivilai
Summary: This study reports two immunocompetent patients initially diagnosed with GI-CMV disease presenting with acute bloody diarrhea, but later found to have possible inflammatory bowel disease. Both patients had complete clinical improvement after treatment, but long-term follow-up is necessary.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marilyn Hagan, Bu' Hussain Hayee, Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
Summary: Polyphenols (PPs) may have therapeutic benefits in gastrointestinal (GI) disorders like IBS or IBD, but the evidence base is inconsistent and further research is needed to clarify their effects.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Webber Chan, Ennaliza Salazar, Teong Guan Lim, Wan Chee Ong, Hang Hock Shim
Summary: IBD patients have suboptimal vaccination rates, with factors such as immunosuppressant use, older age, and physician recommendations positively impacting vaccination rates. Lack of vaccine-related knowledge and awareness of the need for vaccination are the main reasons for vaccine hesitancy among patients and physicians. Education is the only identified intervention for improving vaccination rates.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Magdalena Kurnik-Lucka, Pawel Pasieka, Patrycja Laczak, Marcin Wojnarski, Michal Jurczyk, Krzysztof Gil
Summary: The dopaminergic system may play a significant role in inflammatory bowel disease, but its impact is currently underestimated. Further in-depth observational studies are needed to support this notion.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhaobei Cai, Shu Wang, Jiannan Li
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global disease that has attracted significant research interest. Constant research has led to a better understanding of the disease and promoted the development of conventional and novel treatments. From small molecules to cell therapy, diverse therapeutic options are emerging, offering new hope for treating IBD.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Burcu Ozdemir, Ali Atay, Meral Akdogan Kayhan, Yasemin Ozderin Ozin, Dilara Turan Gokce, Adalet Altunsoy, Rahmet Guner
Summary: The study found that tissue CMV-DNA PCR testing is more useful for diagnosing CMV colitis and enables rapid and appropriate treatment.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Robert B. Gilmore, Kirstin M. Taylor, C. Orla Morrissey, Bradley J. Gardiner
Summary: This article reviews the available literature and outlines a practical approach to the diagnosis and management of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Wei Wang, Xin Chen, Jie Pan, Xianhui Zhang, Liyun Zhang
Summary: This study found a high prevalence of EBV and CMV in Chinese IBD patients, and their prevalence is associated with clinical disease activities. Additionally, viral load in the intestinal mucosa is correlated with mucosal status. Quantitative real-time PCR is an effective method for monitoring EBV and CMV infection in IBD patients.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Montse Baldan-Martin, Maria Chaparro, Javier P. Gisbert
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic and inflammatory conditions affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Despite endoscopy being the gold standard test for assessing IBD, it is invasive and uncomfortable for patients. Therefore, non-invasive biomarkers for IBD diagnosis are urgently needed. This review summarizes proteomics and metabolomics studies in animals and humans, identifying urinary biomarkers for IBD diagnosis. Large-scale multi-omics studies with collaboration between clinicians, researchers, and industry are necessary for the development of sensitive and specific diagnostic biomarkers for personalized medicine.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Blake O. Langley, Sara E. Guedry, Joshua Z. Goldenberg, Douglas A. Hanes, Jennifer A. Beardsley, Jennifer Joan Ryan
Summary: NLR may have utility for clinical and endoscopic disease activity differentiation and prediction of loss of response to infliximab (IFX). Overall findings suggest NLR may be a promising IBD biomarker. Assessment of NLR is non-invasive, low cost, and widely accessible given NLR is easily calculated from blood count data routinely and serially monitored in patients with IBD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Liliana Lykowska-Szuber, Anna Maria Rychter, Magdalena Dudek, Alicja Ewa Ratajczak, Aleksandra Szymczak-Tomczak, Agnieszka Zawada, Piotr Eder, Maciej Lesiak, Agnieszka Dobrowolska, Iwona Krela-Kazmierczak
Summary: Studies have shown an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with IBD, potentially due to inflammation-induced endothelial dysfunction and development of CVD, as well as gut microbiota dysbiosis. Dietary patterns have also been identified to influence the relationship between IBD and CVD.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Stamatia Papoutsopoulou, Jack Satsangi, Barry J. Campbell, Chris S. Probert
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2020)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nicholas A. Kennedy, Gareth-Rhys Jones, Christopher A. Lamb, Richard Appleby, Ian Arnott, R. Mark Beattie, Stuart Bloom, Alenka J. Brooks, Rachel Cooney, Robin J. Dart, Cathryn Edwards, Aileen Fraser, Daniel R. Gaya, Subrata Ghosh, Kay Greveson, Richard Hansen, Ailsa Hart, A. Barney Hawthorne, Bu'Hussain Hayee, Jimmy K. Limdi, Charles D. Murray, Gareth C. Parkes, Miles Parkes, Kamal Patel, Richard C. Pollok, Nick Powell, Chris S. Probert, Tim Raine, Shaji Sebastian, Christian Selinger, Philip J. Smith, Catherine Stansfield, Lisa Younge, James O. Lindsay, Peter M. Irving, Charlie W. Lees
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jonathan M. Rhodes, Sreedhar Subramanian, Paul K. Flanagan, Graham W. Horgan, Kate Martin, John Mansfield, Miles Parkes, Ailsa Hart, Helen Dallal, Tariq Iqbal, Jeffrey Butterworth, Kate Culshaw, Christopher Probert
Summary: The study assessed the efficacy and safety of an antibiotic/hydroxychloroquine combination for Crohn's disease, finding overall results to be unimpressive but showing long-term remission in some patients, warranting further study.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shahida Din, Alexandra Kent, Richard C. Pollok, Susanna Meade, Nicholas A. Kennedy, Ian Arnott, R. Mark Beattie, Felix Chua, Rachel Cooney, Robin J. Dart, James Galloway, Daniel R. Gaya, Subrata Ghosh, Mark Griffiths, Laura Hancock, Richard Hansen, Ailsa Hart, Christopher Andrew Lamb, Charlie W. Lees, Jimmy K. Limdi, James O. Lindsay, Kamal Patel, Nick Powell, Charles D. Murray, Chris Probert, Tim Raine, Christian Selinger, Shaji Sebastian, Philip J. Smith, Phil Tozer, Andrew Ustianowski, Lisa Younge, Mark A. Samaan, Peter M. Irving
Article
Cell Biology
Katie Lloyd, Stamatia Papoutsopoulou, Emily Smith, Philip Stegmaier, Francois Bergey, Lorna Morris, Madeleine Kittner, Hazel England, Dave Spiller, Mike H. R. White, Carrie A. Duckworth, Barry J. Campbell, Vladimir Poroikov, Vitor A. P. Martins dos Santos, Alexander Kel, Werner Muller, D. Mark Pritchard, Chris Probert, Michael D. Burkitt
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2020)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Thomas E. Conley, Chris Probert, Sreedhar Subramanian
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2020)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Pamela Qualter, Alison Rouncefield-Swales, Lucy Bray, Lucy Blake, Steven Allen, Chris Probert, Kay Crook, Bernie Carter
Summary: The study found that disease severity and abdominal pain in IBD patients have a negative impact on their mental health, while embarrassment can increase depression, anxiety, and loneliness. Discussion of mental health should be an important part of clinical dialogue, considering how perceived stigma affects those with chronic illness.
QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Prashant Aggarwal, James Baker, Mark T. Boyd, Seamus Coyle, Chris Probert, Elinor A. Chapman
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Rachael Slater, Alessandra Frau, Jane Hodgkinson, Debra Archer, Chris Probert
Summary: Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in horses is associated with an increased risk of colic, with potential differences in the intestinal microbiome and metabolome between infected and non-infected horses. VOCs may have the potential to serve as markers for bacterial OTUs in equine colonic contents.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Awad Mahalhal, Michael D. Burkitt, Carrie A. Duckworth, Georgina L. Hold, Barry J. Campbell, David Mark Pritchard, Chris S. Probert
Summary: Long-term alterations in dietary iron affect gut microbiota signatures but do not exacerbate chronic colitis, while exacerbating acute colitis. More research is needed to understand the impact of iron supplementation on inflammatory bowel disease. The change in microbiome in colitis patients may be due to increased luminal iron, rather than the colitis itself.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandra Frau, Lauren Lett, Rachael Slater, Gregory R. Young, Christopher J. Stewart, Janet Berrington, David M. Hughes, Nicholas Embleton, Chris Probert
Summary: The fecal metabolome in early life of pre-term babies was studied through analysis of stool samples using VOCs analysis. The metabolome shifted significantly 5 days after birth, coinciding with the establishment of enteral feeding and transition from meconium to feces. Prior to this shift, aldehydes and acetic acid dominated the metabolome, with a rise in branched-chain fatty acids observed. Additionally, caesarean delivery showed a modest association with molecules of fungal origin.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Awad Mahalhal, Alessandra Frau, Michael D. Burkitt, Umer Z. Ijaz, Christopher A. Lamb, John C. Mansfield, Stephen Lewis, D. Mark Pritchard, Chris S. Probert
Summary: This study demonstrates differential and unique influences of ferric maltol and ferrous sulphate supplements on intestinal microbiota. FS treatment led to an increase in five genera, but FM was not associated with any measurable change. The severity of DSS-induced colitis was greater with FSS than FMS.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ayesha Akbar, Ian Arnott, Nicholas A. Kennedy, Jonathan Nolan, Simon Peake, Simon R. Whiteoak, Chris Probert, Aileen Fraser, Alex Cheshire, Allyson Lewis, Kathleen Sugrue, Susan Laird, Glyn Scott
Summary: The 2021 National report from IBD UK revealed that over 70% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease experienced at least one flare in the past year. Mesalazine's action and delivery mechanisms are crucial for managing mild and moderate ulcerative colitis, but ensuring patient concordance and adherence remains a challenge for healthcare professionals. Recommendations for personalized mesalazine therapy before escalating to other treatments were discussed in a roundtable involving gastroenterology consultants and specialist nurses.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alessandra Frau, Umer Z. Ijaz, Rachael Slater, Daisy Jonkers, John Penders, Barry J. Campbell, John G. Kenny, Neil Hall, Luca Lenzi, Michael D. Burkitt, Marieke Pierik, Alistair C. Darby, Christopher S. J. Probert
Summary: The etiology of Crohn's disease involves bacterial and fungal microbiota, with dysbiosis observed in CD patients. Bacteroides may play a key role in CD and modulate Candida colonization. Different medications lead to varying changes in the fungal community, with Malassezia and Candida increasing in immunosuppressant-treated patients.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Andrew Nelson, Christopher J. Stewart, Nicholas A. Kennedy, John K. Lodge, Mark Tremelling, Chris S. Probert, Miles Parkes, John C. Mansfield, Darren L. Smith, Georgina L. Hold, Charlie W. Lees, Simon H. Bridge, Christopher A. Lamb
Summary: Comparative analysis of fecal mycobiota in patients with CD and non-CD subjects revealed compositional changes in the gut mycobiota of CD patients, suggesting a potential role of fungi in the pathogenesis of CD. No NOD2 genotype-specific differences were observed in the fecal mycobiota.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2021)