Review
Immunology
Alejandro M. Palma, Mark R. Hanes, Jean S. Marshall
Summary: Mast cells are important immune cells that can greatly influence the generation and activities of B cells through the production of cytokines. They co-localize with B cells in many tissues and regulate the development and antibody production of B cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Wenjing Xiang, Nanyan Yu, Aihua Lei, Xiaofang Li, Shui Tan, Lijun Huang, Zhou Zhou
Summary: Chlamydial infection causes clinically relevant diseases and significant morbidity in humans. Immune and inflammatory responses play crucial roles in both clearing the infection and causing pathology in host tissues. Cytokines produced in response to Chlamydia infection can regulate immune responses, but excessive production can lead to overreactive inflammation, affecting host and Chlamydia metabolism.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Tetsuhiro Kajikawa, Dimitrios C. Mastellos, Hatice Hasturk, Georgios A. Kotsakis, Despina Yancopoulou, John D. Lambris, George Hajishengallis
Summary: Periodontitis, if not properly treated, can lead to tooth loss and affect overall health. This review focuses on the potential use of a complement-targeting drug called AMY-101 in the treatment of periodontal disease and peri-implant inflammatory conditions.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
M. G. Balta, E. Papathanasiou, I. J. Blix, T. E. Van Dyke
Summary: Periodontitis is the sixth-most prevalent disease in the world and the leading cause of tooth loss in adults. Recent studies have shown that synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, such as rituximab and tocilizumab, can improve periodontal clinical parameters. Probiotics and nutritional supplements have also been found to provide anti-inflammatory benefits in the treatment of periodontitis.
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Cody A. Despins, Scott D. Brown, Avery Robinson, Andrew J. Mungall, Emma Allen-Vercoe, Robert A. Holt
Summary: The study found that F. nucleatum-induced host cell transcriptional modulation involves strong upregulation of genes related to immune migration and inflammatory processes, in addition to identifying genes strongly upregulated in a cell line-specific manner. Furthermore, extensive host cell epigenomic changes specific to host cell type were observed upon F. nucleatum exposure.
Article
Microbiology
Michael Ormsby, Filipa R. Vaz, Joseph A. Kirk, Anna R. Barwinska-Sendra, Jennifer A. Hallam, Paola R. Lanzoni-Mangutchi, John A. Cole, Roy R. Chaudhuri, Paula A. Salgado, Robert R. Fagan, Gillian R. A. Douce
Summary: The S-layer of C. difficile plays an important role in pathogenesis and disease severity. S-layer variants, recovered after infection with the S-layer-null strain FM2.5, were rapidly selected in vivo independent of toxin production. One variant, FM2.5(varB), displayed a less virulent phenotype compared to FM2.5(varA) and caused disease severity similar to R20291.
Article
Immunology
Catherine A. Foss, Adam R. Renslo
Summary: Recently developed molecular imaging approaches show great potential in visualizing host responses and pathology in infection imaging, providing new insights into infectious diseases. These approaches are complementary to pathogen-focused imaging modalities and deserve further preclinical and clinical investigation.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Aminu S. Jahun, Frederic Sorgeloos, Yasmin Chaudhry, Sabastine E. Arthur, Myra Hosmillo, Iliana Georgana, Rhys Izuagbe, Ian G. Goodfellow
Summary: The cGAS-STING pathway plays an important role in the interferon response against DNA viruses, and recent studies have shown its involvement in restriction of RNA viruses as well. This study demonstrates that the cGAS-STING pathway contributes to the interferon response against noroviruses, the common causes of infectious gastroenteritis worldwide. The findings also suggest that host genomic DNA can act as a damage-associated molecular pattern in cells infected with an RNA virus.
Review
Immunology
Toshihiko Taya, Fumiya Teruyama, Satoshi Gojo
Summary: Bacterial infections continue to be a burden on humanity, and antimicrobial resistance poses a growing threat. Unlike cancer treatment, which has shifted focus to include host immunity, therapies that strengthen the immune system in infectious diseases are still in the early stages. This article reviews the host defense mechanisms and bacterial evasion mechanisms, and discusses the potential of host-directed therapy by intervening in the phagolysosome pathway for bacterial infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
David Pires, Sofia Valente, Marta Calado, Manoj Mandal, Jose Miguel Azevedo-Pereira, Elsa Anes
Summary: Despite the availability of antibiotics, tuberculosis has become a global threat due to co-infection with HIV, drug-resistant strains, and the lack of an effective vaccine. Host-directed strategies could improve treatment efficacy, contain drug-resistant strains, improve immune responses, and reduce disease severity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Vik Ven Eng, Madeleine A. Wemyss, Jaclyn S. Pearson
Summary: RIPKs are cellular signaling molecules crucial for inflammatory and cell death processes. This review discusses their roles in host responses to pathogens and the mechanisms by which pathogens target them for inactivation.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Yongzheng Wu, Erwan Pernet, Lhousseine Touqui
Summary: Host molecules with antimicrobial properties, such as sPLA2-IIA, play a significant role in the host inflammatory response and clearance of bacteria. However, the expression of sPLA2-IIA can be regulated by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or toxins produced by pathogenic bacteria. These bacteria can either induce or inhibit the expression of sPLA2-IIA, which determines the concentration of this enzyme during infection. Understanding the modulation of sPLA2-IIA expression and its consequences on the host response to bacterial infection is important.
Review
Immunology
Zhuqing Jin, En Zheng, Candice Sareli, Pappachan E. Kolattukudy, Jianli Niu
Summary: Inflammatory response is a protective mechanism of the host, but can also lead to immunopathology and tissue damage. Recent studies on the MCPIP family of chemical molecules, particularly the role of MCPIP-1 in the NF kappa B signaling pathway, have revealed important biological functions in resolving inflammation. Understanding the roles of the MCPIP family members can provide new insights into the treatment of infections and other inflammatory diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Roberta Hansen, Graciela A. Gonzalez
Summary: New control schemes are proposed in this study to stabilize unstable periodic orbits of chaotic and hyperchaotic dynamical systems, showing improvement in terms of robustness, convergence rate, reduction of waiting time, and noise sensitivity compared to existing methods. The proposed methods have been successfully applied to stabilize unstable periodic orbits in classical discrete maps and hyperchaotic generalized n-D Henon-like maps.
NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-MODELLING AND CONTROL
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Oceane C. B. Martin, Anna Bergonzini, Maria Lopez Chiloeches, Eleni Paparouna, Deborah Butter, Sofia D. P. Theodorou, Maria M. Haykal, Elisa Boutet-Robinet, Toma Tebaldi, Andrew Wakeham, Mikael Rhen, Vassilis G. Gorgoulis, Tak Mak, Ioannis S. Pateras, Teresa Frisan
Summary: Bacterial genotoxins, produced by Gram-negative bacteria and enriched in the microbiota of inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer patients, cause DNA damage in eukaryotic cells and activate the DNA damage response. The typhoid toxin plays a role in modulating the host-microbial interaction in health and disease conditions.