Article
Energy & Fuels
Emil O. Lidman Olsson, Daniel Schmid, Oskar Karlstrom, Kasper Enemark-Rasmussen, Henrik Leion, Songgeng Li, Peter Glarborg, Kim Dam-Johansen, Hao Wu
Summary: Biomass can be converted into heat, power, and biofuels through thermal conversion processes, but the presence of phosphorus in certain types of biomass can lead to operational or environmental issues when released. The mechanisms behind phosphorus release and high-temperature phosphorus chemistry need to be understood in order to efficiently recover phosphorus from biomass residues. This study investigated the release of phosphorus from wheat bran char and sunflower seed char under various gas environments and temperatures.
Article
Plant Sciences
Magda F. El-Adl, Taha M. El-Katony, Reham M. Nada
Summary: The study found that the specific ion effects of Na+ and K+ were different on the growth of Ulva lactuca. Ulva lactuca showed better growth with high concentrations of NaCl, while KCl might have adverse effects on photosynthesis and cell wall. Transcription of PM H+-ATPase was induced specifically by high concentrations of Na+, while the induction of PM-Na+/K+-ATPase-like alone could not improve the growth of KCl-treated Ulva lactuca.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Andree-Anne Marcoux, Laurence E. Tremblay, Samira Slimani, Marie-Jeanne Fiola, Fabrice Mac-Way, Alexandre P. Garneau, Paul Isenring
Summary: NKCC2 is an integral membrane protein that mediates the cotranslocation of Na+, K+, and Cl(-) ions in the TALH, allowing for the reclamation of a large fraction of filtered Na+, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg-2(+), and HCO(3)(-). Malfunction of NKCC2 can lead to various inherited disorders, illustrating its physiological importance.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Pan-Pan Zhao, Cong Deng, Ze-Yong Zhao, Peng Lu, Shuang He, Yu-Zhong Wang
Summary: This work demonstrates the fabrication of hierarchical porous carbons (HPCs) derived from chestnuts using aluminum hypophosphite (AP) as an activator, which leads to unique interpenetrating HPC network structures with high pore volume and thermal conductivity. The HPC-stabilized composite PCM with 85 wt% octadecane (Octadecane85@HPC) shows high transition enthalpy and reliability in thermal cycle test, with higher energy storage capacity compared to similar bio-based PCMs. The solar thermal energy conversion efficiency of Octadecane85@HPC reaches 96.1%, indicating excellent solar energy harvesting capacity.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tossapon Katongtung, Sanphawat Phromphithak, Thossaporn Onsree, Nakorn Tippayawong, Jochen Lauterbach
Summary: The study found that GJG can be converted to biofuels via hydrothermal liquefaction, with yields depending on temperature and biomass-to-deionized water concentration. Energy recovery of over 50% from bio-oil and about 35% from char was achieved.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hassan Khodaei, Luis Gonzalez, Sergio Chapela, Jacobo Porteiro, Petr Nikrityuk, Chris Olson
Summary: This paper presents a combined CFD simulation study on the thermal conversion of biomass to biochar and the co-combustion of air and biomass volatiles in an industrial pyrolysis plant. The main objective is to investigate the challenges associated with biochar production and strategies to improve biochar quality.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hanxing Wan, Xiong Ying Chen, Fenglian Zhang, Jun Chen, Fenglan Chu, Zachary M. Sellers, Feng Xu, Hui Dong
Summary: In mouse models of ulcerative colitis, capsaicin exerts its anti-colitic action by inhibiting intestinal Cl- secretion and promoting Na+ absorption via blocking TRPV4 channels.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Chuanming Xu, Yanting Chen, Fei Wang, Shiying Xie, Tianxin Yang
Summary: This study reveals a novel mechanism by which PRR and sPRR negatively regulate NCC activity through S1P, impacting renal excretion of salt and potassium and thus modulating blood pressure and potassium balance.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Haotian Wu, Xavier Foster, Hossein Kazemian, Celine Vaneeckhaute
Summary: This study investigated the recovery of K+, NH4+-N, and PO43--P from hydrolyzed urine by technical integration. Na-chabazite was selected as the adsorbent due to its high K recovery efficiency and additional P recovery capacity. The study found that the competition between NH4+ and K+ was diminished when their molarity is the same, leading to improved K adsorption onto Na-chabazite.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jaqueline de Oliveira Brotto, Julia da Silveira Salla, Jean Constantino Gomes da Silva, Enrique Rodriguez-Castellon, Humberto Jorge Jose, Suelen Maria de Amorim, Regina de Fatima Peralta Muniz Moreira
Summary: The aim of this study is to investigate the thermal behavior of Pinus wood pellets during torrefaction under different operational conditions and evaluate the potential application of the torrefied product in metallurgical processes. The experimental results showed that high torrefaction temperature and residence time decreased the mass yield. The best torrefaction conditions for biomass with potential application in metallurgical processes were in an inert atmosphere, at 290 degrees C and a residence time of 15 min.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Xin-Peng Duan, Peng Wu, Dan-Dan Zhang, Zhong-Xiuzi Gao, Yu Xiao, Evan C. Ray, Wen-Hui Wang, Dao-Hong Lin
Summary: Kir5.1 plays a significant role in mediating the effect of high sodium intake on basolateral K+ channels in the distal convoluted tubule and Na+-Cl- cotransporter activity/expression, and is involved in maintaining renal ability of K+ excretion during high sodium intake.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yanlong Qi, Ruilin Feng, Shijun Liu, Long Cui, Quanquan Dai, Chenxi Bai
Summary: Functionalized monomers play a crucial role in the production of new polymers and smart materials. This study presents a two-step approach utilizing heterogeneous catalysis to produce a functionalized monomer, 2-vinylfuran, from bio-based furfural with a high yield of 89%. Economic analysis indicates that this cost-effective method improves the availability of 2-vinylfuran. The optimized 4Na5Ce/SiO2 catalyst demonstrates excellent performance due to its delicate structure, protecting the catalyst from structure collapse.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiang Long Huang, Shi Xue Dou, Zhiming M. Wang
Summary: This study focuses on the application of metal-based electrocatalysts in room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries, shedding light on the design, fabrication, and properties of these electrocatalysts, as well as their interactions with sodium polysulfides, providing new insights and opportunities for the development in this field.
MATERIALS HORIZONS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yang Lin, Song He, Zhiyong Ouyang, Jianchao Li, Jie Zhao, Yanhe Xiao, Shuijin Lei, Baochang Cheng
Summary: In this study, a strong-polar/weak-polar composite material was prepared by introducing cobalt ions and selenizing on the surface of biomass-derived porous carbon, which exhibits excellent rate performance and cycling stability in lithium-sulfur batteries.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chia-Chi Liu, YunJia Zhang, Angela Makris, Helge H. Rasmussen, Annemarie Hennessy
Summary: The study compared the glutathionylation of the beta(1) subunit of the Na+-K+ pump in placentas from healthy pregnancies and preeclampsia. The results showed a significant increase in GSS-beta(1) levels in preeclamptic placentas, providing new insights into the mechanism of Na+-K+ pump dysfunction in preeclampsia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sylvia Y. Edifor, Quoc D. Nguyen, Philip van Eyk, Patrick Biller, Tony Hall, David M. Lewis
Summary: Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is highlighted as a suitable process for converting organic-rich waste with high moisture content into a useful resource, where fluid properties of the reacting HTL slurries under subcritical water conditions play a crucial role in material flow and heat transfer during both batch and continuous process systems.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sylvia Y. Edifor, Quoc D. Nguyen, Philip van Eyk, Patrick Biller, David M. Lewis
Summary: This study elucidated the rheological behavior of sewage sludge slurries, finding them to be non-Newtonian fluids with shear thickening characteristics. The Herschel-Bulkley rheological model with yield stress was found to best fit the experimental data.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Andres Chacon-Parra, David Lewis, Philip van Eyk
Summary: Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a promising waste management technology for producing renewable crude from wet biomass and bio-waste, but the properties of HTL crude differ significantly from fuel-oil products. Utilizing ethanol as a co-solvent and catalyst under acid pH conditions can reduce crude oil acidity by promoting the alcoholysis of lipids and FFA.Activation energy for hydrolysis, transesterification, and esterification reactions under HTL conditions were investigated using sunflower oil as a model lipid.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Houzhi Wang, Philip J. van Eyk, Paul R. Medwell, Cristian H. Birzer, Zhao F. Tian, Malcolm Possell, Xinyan Huang
Summary: This study investigates the smouldering wildfires on Eucalyptus litter fuels and reveals two-stage smouldering spread processes with emission factors and spread rates. The results show that the influence of Eucalyptus species and plant parts on smouldering fire behaviors is negligible.
FIRE AND MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Reem Obeid, Neil Smith, David M. Lewis, Tony Hall, Philip van Eyk
Summary: Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a developing technology aiming to produce renewable crude oil through sub-critical conditions in water using various biomass feedstocks. Different feedstocks and reaction conditions lead to different product fractions, with organic and inorganic components playing a significant role in product distribution. Research indicates that temperature and reaction time greatly influence product distribution in HTL, with highest crude yield typically obtained from algae.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Andres Chacon-Parra, Philip van Eyk
Summary: The HTC of biomass, particularly cellulose, has been studied extensively for its potential applications in sustainable materials. Through reaction kinetics modelling and optimization, a solid-state reaction pathway for the HTC of cellulose was elucidated, with analysis on the effect of temperature on reaction selectivity. Experimental data showed a significant difference in activation energies between glucose and cellulose reactions for hydrochar formation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christopher R. K. Glasson, Cara A. Luiten, Susan M. Carnachan, Alison M. Daines, Joel T. Kidgell, Simon F. R. Hinkley, Christina Praeger, Maria Andrade Martinez, Liam Sargison, Marie Magnusson, Rocky de Nys, Ian M. Sims
Summary: Ulvans extracted from three species of Ulva were found to primarily contain rhamnose and glucuronic acid, with small amounts of xylose and iduronic acid. Despite structural diversity, these ulvans showed minimal antioxidant or inhibitory activity on enzymatic processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Andres Chacon-Parra, David Lewis, Marianne Glasius, Philip van Eyk
Summary: The reaction mechanism and kinetic models for the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of monosaccharides and polysaccharides were investigated in this study. Experimental data and models provided an unbiased understanding of carbohydrate decomposition during HTL conversion, while the analysis of solid products clarified solid transformations and integrated both phases into a more comprehensive reaction mechanism approach.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andres D. Chacon-Parra, Philip A. Hall, David M. Lewis, Marianne Glasius, Philip J. van Eyk
Summary: Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) converts wet biomass and biowaste into valuable biocrude and organic products, with Maillard reactions playing a key role in increasing the biocrude yield. A protein-to-carbohydrate mass ratio of 2:1 was found to maximize the volatile fraction and heating value of renewable biocrude under HTL conditions.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jasim M. Al-juboori, David M. Lewis, Tony Hall, Philip J. van Eyk
Summary: Upgradable renewable crude oil can be produced from hydrothermal liquefaction of municipal wastewater sludge, and its composition is influenced by the reaction conditions and biosolids composition. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified a complex mixture of >300 major compounds in the produced renewable crude oil. The composition of the renewable crude oil varied based on the organic fractions of the biosolids, with different yields of gasoline, naphtha, diesel, kerosene, wax, lubricating oil, and vacuum gas oil-like contents.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jasim M. Al-juboori, David M. Lewis, Peter J. Ashman, Tony Hall, Philip J. van Eyk
Summary: The accumulation of biosolids has led to harmful pollutants and negative impacts on nearby ecosystems and communities, necessitating immediate management and regulation. Hydrothermal liquefaction is a promising technique for converting biosolids into renewable crude oil. This study aims to analyze the composition of biosolids and quantify the effects of composition and reaction conditions on product distributions in hydrothermal liquefaction.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Mahesh B. Venkataraman, Alireza Rahbari, Philip van Eyk, Alan W. Weimer, Wojciech Lipinski, John Pye
Summary: Algal biomass is a promising feedstock for carbon-neutral fuel production due to its high growth rates and potential for cultivation on non-arable land. Supercritical water gasification offers advantages, but faces challenges in algae breakdown mechanisms, as well as integration of concentrated solar-thermal heat. The falling cost of green hydrogen input presents new opportunities for achieving lower-cost solar-SCWG systems.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS
(2021)