Review
Physiology
Rodrigo G. Mira, Matias Lira, Waldo Cerpa
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a heterogeneous disorder that causes brain damage due to external forces, leading to CNS damage under various mechanisms. Glial cells such as astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes play crucial roles in response to TBI, affecting neuronal damage and pathophysiology.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Elliot J. Glotfelty, Shih-Chang Hsueh, Quia Clayborne, Alicia Bedolla, Katherine O. Kopp, Tonya Wallace, Binhai Zheng, Yu Luo, Tobias E. Karlsson, Ross A. McDevitt, Lars Olson, Nigel H. Greig
Summary: Nogo proteins are negative regulators of CNS neurite outgrowth and repair. Recent research suggests a relationship between Nogo proteins and inflammation. In this study, microglial-specific Nogo knockout mice showed decreased tissue inflammation and altered behavior following traumatic brain injury.
Article
Immunology
Shanshan Song, Md Nabiul Hasan, Lauren Yu, Satya S. Paruchuri, John P. Bielanin, Shamseldin Metwally, Helena C. M. Oft, Sydney G. Fischer, Victoria M. Fiesler, Tanusree Sen, Rajaneesh K. Gupta, Lesley M. Foley, T. Kevin Hitchens, C. Edward Dixon, Franca Cambi, Nilkantha Sen, Dandan Sun
Summary: Blocking NHE1 protein stimulates restorative microglial activation in oligodendrogenesis and neuroprotection, contributing to accelerated brain repair and neurological function recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI).
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Mariarosaria Cammarota, Francesca Boscia
Summary: The understanding of myelin processing under neuroinflammation is crucial for studying inflammation resolution and neuroprotection. A three-dimensional experimental model using hippocampal explants provides valuable insights into the spatial-temporal contribution of glial scarring to myelin uptake and processing.
Article
Neurosciences
Qian Wang, Sihao Diao, Han Qiu, Ruiwei Gao, Minjie Wang, Qiufan Chen, Mili Xiao, Zhihua Li, Chao Chen
Summary: This study reveals the association between Galectin-3 (Gal-3) and myelin formation, confirming its significance in myelin formation and remyelination restoration.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilias Kalafatakis, Domna Karagogeos
Summary: This review summarizes the regulation of myelination by oligodendrocytes under physiological and pathological conditions, as well as the role of microglia in myelin generation, regeneration, and repair. The beneficial and detrimental roles of microglia in remyelination are discussed, along with the cellular and molecular components involved. Recent findings related to preclinical models using human stem cells for studying microglia in human pathologies and the impact of the microbiome on glial cell functions are also presented.
Article
Neurosciences
Lin Li, Qing Luo, Bin Shang, Xiaomin Yang, Yuan Zhang, Qiuling Pan, Na Wu, Wei Tang, Donglin Du, Xiaochuan Sun, Li Jiang
Summary: The study confirmed that the CB2 agonist JWH133 could protect white matter after TBI, alleviating white matter injury and improving neurological behavior. JWH133 promoted oligodendrocyte survival by influencing microglial polarization and reducing ER stress signaling.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Danica Nheu, Olivia Ellen, Sining Ye, Ezgi Ozturk, Maurice Pagnin, Stephen Kertadjaja, Paschalis Theotokis, Nikolaos Grigoriadis, Catriona McLean, Steven Petratos
Summary: Current therapeutics for chronic phases of multiple sclerosis (MS) have limitations in reversing neural damage caused by inflammation and demyelination. Our research suggests that blocking the activation of microglia can be a potential therapeutic strategy to limit neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in MS. This review explores the role and polarization of microglia in MS pathology, as well as the potential of targeting Nogo-A/NgR cellular mechanisms for neurorepair in MS and other demyelination diseases.
Article
Immunology
Jianqin Xue, Yu Zhang, Junhua Zhang, Zhujun Zhu, Qi Lv, Jianhua Su
Summary: This study revealed the important role of astrocyte-derived CCL7 in promoting microglia-mediated inflammation after TBI, suggesting CCL7 could serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for attenuating TBI by inhibiting microglial activation.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Leilei Mao, Limin Sun, Jingyi Sun, Baoliang Sun, Yanqin Gao, Hong Shi
Summary: The study demonstrates that EP treatment can improve sensorimotor function following TBI, reduce white matter injury, and modulate microglia polarization toward the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype during the acute phase of TBI recovery, improving the release of inflammatory-related factors.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Brian E. Powers, Son T. Ton, Robert G. Farrer, Suhani Chaudhary, Russ P. Nockels, Gwendolyn L. Kartje, Shih-Yen Tsai
Summary: This study suggests that anti-Nogo-A antibody treatment may improve functional recovery by promoting axonal growth and neuronal plasticity in individuals with traumatic brain injury. The experiments conducted on rats showed significant improvement in motor deficits after receiving the treatment, indicating the potential efficacy of anti-Nogo-A Ab therapy for patients with TBI.
NEUROREHABILITATION AND NEURAL REPAIR
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ping Zheng, Qingke Bai, Jiugeng Feng, Bing Zhao, Jian Duan, Lin Zhao, Ning Liu, Dabin Ren, Shufeng Zou, Wei Chen
Summary: The research showed that the transplantation of neonatal microglia or protease inhibitors-treated adult microglia significantly improved cognitive function and inhibited neuroinflammation in a rat model of traumatic brain injury.
BIOENGINEERING & TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Pengju Wei, Ke Wang, Chen Luo, Yichen Huang, Dilidaer Misilimu, Huimei Wen, Peng Jin, Chuhua Li, Ye Gong, Yanqin Gao
Summary: The study demonstrates that cordycepin can protect neurological function by suppressing neutrophil infiltration, preserving blood-brain barrier integrity, and altering microglia/macrophage polarization after traumatic brain injury.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tamas Kovacs-Oller, Renata Zempleni, Boglarka Balogh, Gergely Szarka, Balint Fazekas, Adam J. Tengolics, Krisztina Amrein, Endre Czeiter, Istvan Hernadi, Andras Buki, Bela Volgyi
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of sudden death after head trauma. The retina, as part of the brain, can also be affected by TBI, both in severe and mild-repetitive cases. Our study found that the level of inflammation and cell death in the retina differs between sTBI and rmTBI, indicating different response mechanisms. Therefore, the retina may serve as a model for studying head injuries and developing new diagnostic procedures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Kristina G. Witcher, Chelsea E. Bray, Titikorn Chunchai, Fangli Zhao, Shane M. O'Neil, Alan J. Gordillo, Warren A. Campbell, Daniel B. McKim, Xiaoyu Liu, Julia E. Dziabis, Ning Quan, Daniel S. Eiferman, Andy J. Fischer, Olga N. Kokiko-Cochran, Candice Askwith, Jonathan P. Godbout
Summary: Traumatic brain injury can lead to significant neuropsychiatric problems and neurodegenerative pathologies that last for years. This study showed that microglia play a crucial role in acute and chronic stages of TBI, influencing inflammation and neuropathology development, which in turn affect neuronal homeostasis and behavioral outcomes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Maria Cristina Morganti-Kossmann, Bridgette D. Semple, Sarah C. Hellewell, Nicole Bye, Jenna M. Ziebell
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA
(2019)
Review
Cell Biology
Olivia G. Holloway, Alison J. Canty, Anna E. King, Jenna M. Ziebell
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Kimberley E. Stuart, Anna E. King, Natalie E. King, Jessica M. Collins, James C. Vickers, Jenna M. Ziebell
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jessica M. Collins, Adele Woodhouse, Nicole Bye, James C. Vickers, Anna E. King, Jenna M. Ziebell
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Katherine R. Giordano, Charlotte R. Denman, Hannah K. Dollish, Fabian Fernandez, Jonathan Lifshitz, Murtaza Akhter, Rachel K. Rowe
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Daniel R. Griffiths, Taylor M. Jenkins, Caroline P. Addington, Sarah E. Stabenfeldt, Jonathan Lifshitz
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Olivia G. Holloway, Anna E. King, Jenna M. Ziebell
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2020)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yasmine Doust, Anna E. King, Jenna M. Ziebell
Summary: Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases involving pathological changes to the tau protein. Neuroinflammation exacerbates tau pathology and neurodegeneration, with microglia mediating the inflammatory response. Age-related changes in microglia and tau pathology create a detrimental loop, while microglial sexual dichotomy may contribute differently to tauopathies in different sexes.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yasmine Doust, Rachel K. Rowe, P. David Adelson, Jonathan Lifshitz, Jenna M. Ziebell
Summary: Traumatic brain injury can impact brains of all ages, and its contribution to age-related neuropathology is still uncertain. Despite different times of brain injury, chronic alterations in neuronal and microglial characteristics are evident in the injured brain.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Saif Ahmad, Seth Truran, Nina Karamanova, Adam Kindelin, Maria Lozoya, Volkmar Weissig, Hannah Emerson, Daniel R. Griffiths, Tyler Vail, Jonathan Lifshitz, Andrew F. Ducruet, Raymond Q. Migrino
Summary: The study found that nanoliposomes can induce an antioxidant protective response in cells, protecting neuronal cells and reducing stroke injury in mice. Nanoliposomes may be a novel agent for the treatment of stroke.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yasmine V. V. Doust, Nicole Sumargo, Jenna M. M. Ziebell, Dino Premilovac
Summary: This article discusses the impact of increased intake of highly processed, energy-dense foods and a sedentary lifestyle on the obesity crisis, with a focus on the role of the central nervous system and the differences between males and females. The study highlights the potential of microglia in the brain as mediators of obesity development.
NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Katherine R. Giordano, Charlotte R. Denman, Phoebe S. Dubisch, Murtaza Akhter, Jonathan Lifshitz
Summary: Contemporary microglia exhibit various morphologies such as ramified, activated, and amoeboid, with rod microglia being an additional activated variant observed in the ageing, injured, and diseased brain. Rod microglia are characterized by a narrowed soma and retracted planar processes, forming elongated rod-shaped cells commonly found in the cortex and hippocampus, where they align perpendicular to specific structures and form trains with one another. Recent reports have reignited interest in rod microglia, particularly following traumatic brain injury, prompting further investigation into their origin and function.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Timothy W. Ellis, Sheri Brownstein, Kevin Beitchman, Jonathan Lifshitz
JOURNAL OF AGGRESSION MALTREATMENT & TRAUMA
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Mark Higbee, Jon Eliason, Hilary Weinberg, Jonathan Lifshitz, Hirsch Handmaker
JOURNAL OF AGGRESSION MALTREATMENT & TRAUMA
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Bridget Ralston, Jill Rable, Todd Larson, Hirsch Handmaker, Jonathan Lifshitz
JOURNAL OF AGGRESSION MALTREATMENT & TRAUMA
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.