Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah Strassmann, Maike Passon, Andreas Schieber
Summary: This study chemically converted cyanidin compounds to their sulfates and found that both the A ring and the B ring are sulfated by human enzymes, providing insights into the metabolism of anthocyanins.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jiaxin Wang, Zhen Cheng, Ningxuan Gao, Ye Zhang, Mingshuang Wang, Guangyu Ren, Baoge Song, Qi Liang, Yiwen Bao, Hui Tan, Wei Chen, Bin Li, Jinlong Tian
Summary: In this study, the effect of sucrose on anthocyanins and its degradation product furfural (Ff) was investigated. It was found that Ff reacts with cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) to form three new adducts, leading to the destabilization of anthocyanins. These new adducts were less stable than C3G and further accelerated its degradation. The study also detected the formation of these adducts in sugar solutions supplemented with C3G, particularly under light storage conditions. These findings provide important insights for reducing anthocyanin loss in food processing.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah Strassmann, Tillman Brehmer, Maike Passon, Andreas Schieber
Summary: The study introduced a hemisynthesis method for methylated anthocyanins, successfully synthesizing cyanidin-3-O-glucoside derivatives with different degrees of methylation and identifying monomethylated derivatives. Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) was used as the methylation agent, and the influence of the catalyst DBU, temperature, and reaction time on product formation was examined. The identified conditions in this study led to a reduction in reaction time and minimized a side reaction known as carboxymethylation by using higher amounts of catalyst.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Umeo Takahama, JiWoo Park, Toshihiro Ansai, Sachiko Hirota
Summary: The study found that high-amylose rice had higher levels of C3G, indicating that C3G binds more efficiently with amylose. The release rate of starch/C3G complexes from cooked rice was highest in high-amylose rice, followed by non-glutinous rice and then glutinous rice. Starch/C3G complexes from high-amylose rice were released slowly, while amylopectin/C3G complexes from glutinous rice were hydrolyzed into smaller complexes that were difficult to further break down.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCES AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Ponnuvel Deepa, Minji Hong, Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan, Songmun Kim
Summary: Obesity is a major health issue worldwide and is associated with various chronic diseases. Cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucoside (C3G), an anthocyanin compound, has shown potential health benefits in reducing obesity-related complications.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Songen Wang, Xuan Zhang, Jian Ai, Zhewen Yue, Ying Wang, Bin Bao, Lingmin Tian, Weibin Bai
Summary: This study investigates the interaction mechanisms between mulberry pectic polysaccharides and anthocyanins, as well as the effects of different preparation methods on their chemical structure and digestive properties. The results show that different preparation methods can alter the chemical structure of mulberry polysaccharides, and cellulase-assisted extraction greatly improves the binding capacity of mulberry polysaccharides to anthocyanins. High temperature and pressure-extracted mulberry polysaccharide improves the bio-accessibility of anthocyanins.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Chuqi Liu, Xusheng Li, Yingyu Zeng, Shuyan Liang, Jianxia Sun, Weibin Bai
Summary: In this study, hydroxyphenyl-pyranoanthocyanins (C3GVP) were prepared from cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) and p-coumaric acid. Mannoprotein (MP) was used to improve the stability of C3GVP in complex solvents by forming a stable anthocyanin-MP complex. Structural changes were observed using various analytical techniques, and it was found that C3GVP polymerization was reduced and MP secondary conformation was slightly altered. Fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking showed that C3GVP and MP interacted through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Importantly, the C3GVP-MP complex exhibited better thermal stability and antioxidant capacity compared to C3G.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pei Lv, Yumeng Tao, Nan Zhang, Yawei Yang, Xiangwei Wu, Qing X. Li, Rimao Hua
Summary: This study investigated the effect of flavonoids on the photolysis of profenofos and found that flavonoids can enhance the photolysis rate of profenofos under various light conditions. Flavonoids can also reduce the photolysis rate of profenofos in natural water and have the capacity to scavenge free radicals.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sariya Mapoung, Warathit Semmarath, Punnida Arjsri, Pilaiporn Thippraphan, Kamonwan Srisawad, Sonthaya Umsumarng, Kanokkarn Phromnoi, Sansanee Jamjod, Chanakan Prom-U-Thai, Pornngarm Dejkriengkraikul
Summary: This study evaluated the associations between phytochemical contents, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory properties of different black rice varieties. The results showed that glutinous black rice had higher levels of anthocyanins, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, C3G was strongly associated with antioxidant properties, and P3G was strongly associated with anti-inflammatory properties. Principal component analysis categorized the black rice varieties into three groups based on their characteristics.
EUROPEAN FOOD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iga Bartel, Magdalena Koszarska, Nina Strzalkowska, Nikolay T. T. Tzvetkov, Dongdong Wang, Jaroslaw O. Horbanczuk, Agnieszka Wierzbicka, Atanas G. G. Atanasov, Artur Jozwik
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is a global health problem caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors. In order to prevent and mitigate the negative consequences of type 2 diabetes, a nutritional diet rich in bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, including cyanidin-3-O-glucosidase (C3G), can be beneficial. C3G has been shown to have positive effects on diabetic parameters, including reducing inflammation, blood glucose levels, and postprandial hyperglycemia, as well as regulating gene expression related to the development of type 2 diabetes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Oscar Zannou, Kouame F. Oussou, Ifagbemi B. Chabi, Nour M. H. Awad, Midimahu V. Aissi, Gulden Goksen, Mustafa Mortas, Fatih Oz, Charalampos Proestos, Adechola P. P. Kayode
Summary: The increasing popularity of natural dyes worldwide is a result of the criticism towards synthetic dyes. Natural pigments from herbal sources, such as cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (C3G), are of great interest due to their biological properties and health benefits. However, the instability of C3G and its low bioavailability hinder its application in the food industry. Nanoencapsulation technology using suitable nanocarriers is transforming the use of anthocyanin, including C3G, with its chemical stability and functional benefits expanding its application to the pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields. This review focuses on the various nanoencapsulation techniques employed and the chemical and biological benefits conferred to C3G.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rui Li, Zhan Ye, Yong-jiang Xu, Yuanfa Liu
Summary: This study investigates the protective role of blueberry anthocyanin extracts (BAEs), particularly its anti-oxidant constituent, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), against damage to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells induced by high glucose (HG) levels. The findings suggest that BAEs mitigated damage to HG-induced RPE cells by decreasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and improving cell morphology and viability. The underlying mechanism involves C3G interrupting ROS generation feedback loop, downregulating REDD1 expression, enhancing retinal Nrf2 antioxidant response, and suppressing VEGFA expression to prevent an increase in vascular permeability.
Review
Plant Sciences
Liangchuan Guo, Jinli Qiao, Lijun Zhang, Weijiao Yan, Meihui Zhang, Yongchuan Lu, Yutong Wang, Hexi Ma, Yan Liu, Yue Zhang, Jichuan Li, Dong Qin, Junwei Huo
Summary: This review summarizes the recent studies on anthocyanins in blue honeysuckle, including the types of anthocyanins, analysis of their content in berries, extraction and purification methods, as well as the biological effects and recommended utilization of blue honeysuckle.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ming Nie, Lu Wang, Shengmin Lu, Yangguang Wang, Meiyu Zheng, Zhongxiang Fang
Summary: The protective effects of L-methionine on the stability of bayberry anthocyanins were investigated. Results showed that L-methionine significantly reduced the degradation rate of anthocyanins and could be used as a co-pigment to improve the sensory property and extend the shelf life of anthocyanin-rich berry products.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dacheng Yang, Yanhong Ran, Xusheng Li, Xinwei Jiang, Jiali Chen, Jianxia Sun, Lingmin Tian, Katia Teerds, Weibin Bai
Summary: The study demonstrated that C3G could mitigate the negative effects of Cd exposure on uterine epithelial cells, potentially preventing Cd-induced female reproductive toxicity. C3G exerts anti-estrogenic effects through various mechanisms to protect the uterus from the harm caused by Cd.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sa-Hyun Kim, Hyun Jun Woo, Min Ho Lee, Min Park, Tharmalingam Nagendran, Ki-Jong Rhee, Dongsup Lee, Yeung-Bae Jin, Sik-Won Choi, Woo Duck Seo, Jong Bae Kim
JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Immunology
Hanyang Liu, Shashank Shukla, Noel Vera-Gonzalez, Nagendran Tharmalingam, Eleftherios Mylonakis, Beth Burgwyn Fuchs, Anita Shukla
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sakthidevi Rajasekar, T. P. Adarsh Krishna, Nagendran Tharmalingam, Ilangovan Andivelu, Eleftherios Mylonakis
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Nagendran Tharmalingam, Noelly Q. Ribeiro, Danielle L. da Silva, Mandar T. Naik, Lana I. B. Cruz, Wooseong Kim, Steven Shen, Jessica D. dos Santos, Katarina Ezikovich, Erika M. C. D'Agata, Eleftherios Mylonakis, Beth B. Fuchs
FUTURE MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Nagendran Tharmalingam, Rajamohammed Khader, Beth Burgwyn Fuchs, Eleftherios Mylonakis
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rajendran J. C. Bose, Nagendran Tharmalingam, Fernando J. Garcia Marques, Uday Kumar Sukumar, Arutselvan Natarajan, Yitian Zeng, Elise Robinson, Abel Bermudez, Edwin Chang, Frezghi Habte, Sharon J. Pitteri, Jason R. McCarthy, Sanjiv S. Gambhir, Tarik F. Massoud, Eleftherios Mylonakis, Ramasamy Paulmurugan
Review
Environmental Sciences
Jane Lee Jia Jing, Thong Pei Yi, Rajendran J. C. Bose, Jason R. McCarthy, Nagendran Tharmalingam, Thiagarajan Madheswaran
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Amir Afzal Khan, Asad Ali, Nagendran Tharmalingam, Eleftherios Mylonakis, Rabaab Zahra
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2020)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rajamohammed Khader, Nagendran Tharmalingam, Biswajit Mishra, LewisOscar Felix, Frederick M. Ausubel, Michael J. Kelso, Eleftherios Mylonakis
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ramya Chandrasekaran, Thiagarajan Madheswaran, Nagendran Tharmalingam, Rajendran J. C. Bose, Hansoo Park, Don-Hyung Ha
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Fernanda Cristina Possamai Rossatto, Nagendran Tharmalingam, Iliana E. Escobar, Pedro Alves D'Azevedo, Karine Rigon Zimmer, Eleftherios Mylonakis
Summary: The study showed that plant polyphenols ellagic acid (EA) and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) demonstrated promising antifungal and antivirulence effects against Candida auris, indicating their potential as novel antifungal agents against drug-resistant infections.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Chandrasekaran Karthikeyan, Nagendran Tharmalingam, Kokkarachedu Varaprasad, Eleftherios Mylonakis, Murali M. Yallapu
Summary: This study aimed to develop biocidal hybrid nanomaterials with high inhibition rates for controlling multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. The synthesized ZnO, chitosan-ZnO, and alginate-ZnO nanoparticles showed promising antibacterial activity, especially AZnO which demonstrated excellent activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vijayakumar Mayakrishnan, Priya Kannappan, Nagendran Tharmalingam, Rajendran J. C. Bose, Thiagarajan Madheswaran, Mohankandhasamy Ramasamy
Summary: Cancer treatments have improved significantly, but there is still room for improvement. In recent years, bacteria-based cancer therapy has gained attention for its unique properties, as bacteria can control tumor growth and improve prognosis.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arulsamy Kulandaisamy, Murugesan Panneerselvam, Rajadurai Vijay Solomon, Madhavan Jaccob, Jaganathan Ramakrishnan, Kumaradhas Poomani, Muralikannan Maruthamuthu, Nagendran Tharmalingam
Summary: This study focuses on the preparation of organic molecules as 17 beta-HSD1 inhibitors, with a specific emphasis on hydroxyphenyl naphthol steroidomimetics derivatives. The use of halogen substitution in these compounds significantly affects their molecular properties and binding ability to the 17 beta-HSD1 protein. Molecular docking analysis confirms the strong binding between these molecules and 17 beta-HSD1. The newly proposed compounds show good stability with 17 beta-HSD1 according to molecular dynamics simulations. The findings of this study contribute to the development of 17 beta-HSD1 inhibitors.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Rajendran J. C. Bose, Nagendran Tharmalingam, Yonghyun Choi, Thiagarajan Madheswaran, Ramasamy Paulmurugan, Jason R. McCarthy, Soo-Hong Lee, Hansoo Park
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2020)