Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vishal Khatri, Ramaswamy Kalyanasundaram
Summary: This review focuses on the association between IBD and gut inflammasome, as well as recent advances in research and therapeutic strategies for IBD, discussing inflammasomes and their components, outcomes from experimental animals and human studies, inflammasome inhibitors, and developments in inflammasome-targeted therapies for IBD.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
HyunTaek Jung, Jae Seok Kim, Keum Hwa Lee, Kalthoum Tizaoui, Salvatore Terrazzino, Sarah Cargnin, Lee Smith, Ai Koyanagi, Louis Jacob, Han Li, Sung Hwi Hong, Dong Keon Yon, Seung Won Lee, Min Seo Kim, Paul Wasuwanich, Wikrom Karnsakul, Jae Il Shin, Andreas Kronbichler
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract that mainly affects young people. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of IBD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ayman Jaaouani, Abdulrahman Ismaiel, Stefan-Lucian Popa, Dan L. Dumitrascu
Summary: This systematic review found a possible association between IBD and an increased risk of ACS, especially in younger patients. Factors such as hospitalizations, acute active flares, active disease periods, and complications in IBD patients are related to the risk of ACS. Further research is needed to investigate the role of corticosteroids and oral contraceptive pills in increasing ACS risk in IBD patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Uma Mahadevan, Millie D. Long, Sunanda Kane, Abhik Roy, Marla C. Dubinsky, Bruce E. Sands, Russell D. Cohen, Christina D. Chambers, William J. Sandborn
Summary: The study found that exposure to biologic, thiopurine, or combination therapy during pregnancy did not increase adverse maternal or fetal outcomes, and these treatments can be continued throughout pregnancy for women with IBD to maintain disease control.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Silvia Salvatori, Francesco Baldassarre, Michelangela Mossa, Giovanni Monteleone
Summary: Long COVID is common in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), with fatigue being the most frequent symptom. It does not influence the frequency of IBD relapses, but is more prevalent in female patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Thomas M. Goodsall, Tran M. Nguyen, Claire E. Parker, Christopher Ma, Jane M. Andrews, Vipul Jairath, Robert Bryant
Summary: The study systematically identified ultrasound scoring indices for assessing inflammatory bowel disease activity, with common components including bowel wall thickness, colour Doppler imaging, and bowel wall stratification. The correlation between ultrasound indices and reference standards, as well as sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and other properties, varied within certain ranges. However, reliability and responsiveness data were limited, and most studies were rated with unclear or high risk of bias.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Katarzyna Akutko, Andrzej Stawarski
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract with periods of remission and relapses. The etiopathogenesis is not fully understood, leading to only symptomatic treatment. There is a constant need to search for new high safety profile therapies for IBD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Guihua Chen, Jun Shen
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global disease with high morbidity and medical costs. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for controlling its progression.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jurij Hanzel, Peter Bossuyt, Valerie Pittet, Mark Samaan, Monika Tripathi, Wladyslawa Czuber-Dochan, Johan Burisch, Salvatore Leone, Roberto Saldana, Filip Baert, Uri Kopylov, Susanna Jaghult, Michel Adamina, Naila Arebi, Krisztina Gecse
Summary: This study aimed to develop a core outcome set for real-world studies in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Candidate outcomes and outcome measures were identified through a systematic review and a modified Delphi consensus process. The international panel agreed on the final core outcome set, which will facilitate the synthesis and generation of real-world evidence.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Catherine Le Berre, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
Summary: The SPIRIT consensus group has agreed that the ultimate therapeutic goal in both CD and UC is to prevent disease impact on patients' lives, including health-related quality of life, disability, and fecal incontinence, as well as prevent complications in the short and long term, such as bowel damage, surgeries, disease extension, extraintestinal manifestations, and dysplasia or cancer. These recommendations will need to be validated in clinical studies before being implemented in disease-modification trials.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryan W. Gan, Diana Sun, Amanda R. Tatro, Shirley Cohen-Mekelburg, Wyndy L. Wiitala, Ji Zhu, Akbar K. Waljee
Summary: This study replicated a machine-learning model's ability to predict acute exacerbations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a nationally representative cohort, with the random forest model outperforming the logistic regression model.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Elisabetta Antonelli, Gabrio Bassotti, Marta Tramontana, Katharina Hansel, Luca Stingeni, Sandro Ardizzone, Giovanni Genovese, Angelo Valerio Marzano, Giovanni Maconi
Summary: This review summarizes the dermatologic manifestations occurring in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, including specific manifestations, cutaneous disorders associated with IBDs, reactive mucocutaneous manifestations of IBDs, mucocutaneous conditions secondary to treatment, and manifestations due to nutritional malabsorption. An accurate dermatological examination is crucial in all IBD patients, especially in candidates to biologic therapies where drug-induced cutaneous reactions may be clinically relevant.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anastasia Katsoula, Georgios Axiaris, Afroditi Mpitouli, Maria Palatianou, Angeliki Christidou, Nikolaos Dimitriadis, Andreas Nakos, Ploutarchos Pastras, Panagiotis Kourkoulis, Pantelis Karatzas, Miltiadis Moutzoukis, Charalampos Zlatinoudis, Athanasios Philippidis, Anastasia Kourikou, Georgios Kokkotis, Antonios Gklavas, Angeliki Machaira, Aikaterini Mantaka, Persefoni Talimtzi, Evaggelia Anagnostopoulou, Ioannis E. Koutroubakis, Ioannis Papaconstantinou, Georgios Bamias, Spilios Manolakopoulos, Nicoletta Mathou, Konstantina Paraskeva, Andreas Protopappas, Eftychia Tsironi, Konstantinos H. H. Katsanos, Dimitrios K. K. Christodoulou, Georgios Papatheodoridis, Georgios Michalopoulos, Georgios Theocharis, Christos Triantos, Ioannis Pachiadakis, Konstantinos Soufleris, Nikolaos Viazis, Gerassimos J. Mantzaris, Georgios Tribonias, Maria Tzouvala, Angeliki Theodoropoulou, Konstantinos Karmiris, Evanthia Zampeli, Spyridon Michopoulos, Anna-Bettina Haidich, Olga Giouleme
Summary: The aim of this study was to validate the content of IBD-Disk in a Greek cohort of IBD patients. The results showed good correlation and consistency between the scores of IBD-Disk and IBD-DI at baseline and follow-up. Female gender and extraintestinal manifestations were significantly associated with a higher IBD-Disk total score. Therefore, the Greek version of IBD-Disk was proven to be a reliable and valid tool for assessing IBD-related disability.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jee Hyun Kim, Chang-Myung Oh, Jun Hwan Yoo
Summary: Obesity is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), especially in newly developed countries. It has been suggested that 15%-40% of IBD patients are obese, and obesity may play a role in the development of IBD. Dysfunction of mesenteric fat can worsen the inflammation in Crohn's disease and lead to the formation of strictures or fistulas. Additionally, obesity can affect the course of the disease and the response to treatment in IBD. As a result, obesity control is being proposed as a novel management approach for IBD, and this review aims to discuss the impact of obesity on IBD treatment outcomes and the current status of pharmacologic or surgical anti-obesity treatments in IBD patients.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Vu Q. Nguyen, Fabiano Celio, Maithili Chitnavis, Mohammad Shakhatreh, Jeffry Katz, Fabio Cominelli, Amitabh Chak, Paul Yeaton
Summary: This study examined the role of EUS in distinguishing between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, finding that it can be used to diagnose active and inactive disease by measuring colon wall layer thickness and assessing transmural disease activity.
GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Omar Shamaa, Syed-Mohammed Jafri, M. Tayseer Shamaa, Kimberly Brown, Deepak Venkat
Summary: This retrospective study reviewed cases of takotsubo cardiomyopathy following liver transplant and found two cases with different complications and treatment outcomes. Further studies are needed to establish a definite correlation between pulmonary hypertension and the development of takotsubo cardiomyopathy.
TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Waleed Al-Darzi, Yusuf Alalwan, Firas Askar, Omar Sadiq, Deepak Venkat, Humberto Gonzalez, Dragos Galusca, Atsushi Yoshida, Syed-Mohammed Jafri
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed 388 patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation at an urban transplant center, identifying 6 cases of intracardiac thrombosis. Treatment of intracardiac thrombosis remains challenging, but using a combination of thrombolytics and heparin may achieve better results.
TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Philip N. Newsome, Kristine Buchholtz, Kenneth Cusi, Martin Linder, Takeshi Okanoue, Vlad Ratziu, Arun J. Sanyal, Anne-Sophie Sejling, Stephen A. Harrison
Summary: This phase 2 trial demonstrated that treatment with semaglutide resulted in a significantly higher percentage of patients with NASH resolution compared to placebo in patients with NASH, but did not show a significant between-group difference in the percentage of patients with an improvement in fibrosis stage.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shantanu Solanki, Asim Kichloo, Dushyant S. Dahiya, Dhanshree Solanki, Jagmeet Singh, Farah Wani, Michael Albosta, Subash Ghimire, Khwaja F. Haq, Hafiz M. A. Khan, Syed-Mohammed Jafri, Mohammad Arsalan Siddiqui, Tobias Zuchelli
Summary: This study assessed the outcomes of patients with liver cirrhosis who underwent therapeutic or diagnostic ERCP and found that therapeutic ERCP may increase the risk of pancreatitis and postprocedure hemorrhage, while diagnostic ERCP may increase the risk of pancreatitis and cholecystitis in patients with cirrhosis. Comorbidities in cirrhosis patients may increase the risk of post-ERCP complications and mortality.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Ranya Selim, Yueren Zhou, Loralee B. Rupp, Sheri Trudeau, Sandra Naffouj, Omar Shamaa, Abdelwahab Ahmed, Syed-Mohammed Jafri, Stuart C. Gordon, Antu Segal, Humberto C. Gonzalez
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of PEth testing on the termination and delisting of liver transplant evaluation. The results showed that the availability of PEth testing led to a higher rate of exclusion of patients from eligibility for liver transplant.
CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aldo J. Montano-Loza, Vincenzo Ronca, Maryam Ebadi, Bettina E. Hansen, Gideon Hirschfield, Saleh Elwir, Mohamad Alsaed, Piotr Milkiewicz, Maciej K. Janik, Hanns-Ulrich Marschall, Maria Antonella Burza, Cumali Efe, Ali Riza Caliskan, Murat Harputluoglu, Gokhan Kabacam, Debora Terrabuio, Fernanda de Quadros Onofrio, Nazia Selzner, Alan Bonder, Albert Pares, Laura Llovet, Murat Akyildiz, Cigdem Arikan, Michael P. Manns, Richard Taubert, Anna-Lena Weber, Thomas D. Schiano, Brandy Haydel, Piotr Czubkowski, Piotr Socha, Natalia Oldak, Nobuhisa Akamatsu, Atsushi Tanaka, Cynthia Levy, Eric F. Martin, Aparna Goel, Mai Sedki, Irena Jankowska, Toru Ikegami, Maria Rodriguez, Martina Sterneck, Christina Weiler-Normann, Christoph Schramm, Maria Francesca Donato, Ansgar Lohse, Raul J. Andrade, Vilas R. Patwardhan, Bart van Hoek, Maaike Biewenga, Andreas E. Kremer, Yoshihide Ueda, Mark Deneau, Mark Pedersen, Marlyn J. Mayo, Annarosa Floreani, Patrizia Burra, Maria Francesca Secchi, Benedetta Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli, Marco Sciveres, Giuseppe Maggiore, Syed-Mohammed Jafri, Dominique Debray, Muriel Girard, Florence Lacaille, Ellina Lytvyak, Andrew L. Mason, Michael Heneghan, Ye Htun Oo
Summary: Recurrence of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is common after liver transplantation, and it is associated with younger age at transplantation, the use of mycophenolate mofetil post-transplant, sex mismatch, and high pre-transplant IgG levels. Recurrent AIH is associated with impaired graft and overall survival. Better characterization, prevention, and treatment strategies are needed for the management of recurrent AIH.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Waseem Amjad, Waqas Qureshi, Adnan Malik, Ritu Singh, Syed-Mohammed Jafri
Summary: CDI in liver transplant patients is associated with higher rates of re-admission, in-hospital mortality, healthcare costs, and longer length of stay. The most common cause of re-admission is recurrent CDI, highlighting potential concerns over the efficacy of standard first-line therapy.
TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nicholas Lim, Allison J. Kwong, Syed-Mohammed Jafri, Michelle T. Jesse, Michael Kriss, Kavitha Nair, Anjana Pillai, Alexandra Shingina, Qing Tang, Archita P. Desai
Summary: The survey of LT centers in the United States revealed variations in management strategies for alcohol-related liver disease, with an increasing acceptance of LT for severe alcohol-associated hepatitis. Monitoring protocols for alcohol use before and after LT also varied among centers.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Maria Segovia, Maria Florencia Fernandez, Carolina Rumbo, Chiara Zanfi, Gustaf Herlenius, Adam Testro, Lisa Sharkey, Felix Braun, Syed-Mohammed Jafri, Hector Vilca Melendez, Rodrigo Sanchez Claria, Laurens J. Ceulemans, Taizo Hibi, Hector Solar, Diego Ramisch, Gillian Noel, Jason Yap, Gerard Dijkstra, Thomas Schiano, Peter Friend, Florence Lacaille, Debra Sudan, George Mazariegos, Simon Horslen, Gabriel E. Gondolesi
Article
Immunology
Maximilian Carter, Kassandra Solsrud, Sirisha Yeddula, Mary Grace Fitzmaurice, Ashina Singh, Shunji Nagai, Syed-Mohammed Jafri
Summary: This study retrospectively evaluated HEV diagnosis and treatment after liver, kidney, and heart transplant. Ribavirin antiviral therapy and reducing immunosuppression were found to be effective treatments for HEV infections. Larger multicenter studies are needed to confirm the risks and benefits of using ribavirin antiviral therapy as first-line treatment for HEV posttransplant.
TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Colin Hartgerink, Faisal M. Nimri, Tobias Zuchelli, Syed-Mohammed Jafri, Cyrus Piraka
Summary: This case series demonstrates the effectiveness of band ligation in the treatment of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal varices. It shows successful eradication of the pathology and positive outcomes in addressing dysplasia.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Waseem Amjad, Thomas Schiano, Maria C. Segovia, Adnan Malik, Joshua Weiner, Simon Horslen, Syed-Mohammed Jafri
Summary: This study investigated the impact of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in patients with a history of intestinal transplantation. The results showed that CDI is commonly observed in intestinal transplant patients and is associated with longer hospital stays and increased costs. Additionally, CDI is the most common cause of readmission in these patients.
TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Naoshin Khan, Mohamed Ramzi Almajed, Mary Grace Fitzmaurice, Syed-Mohammed Jafri
Summary: This review provides an overview of the global prevalence and potential complications of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Current therapies are effective in chronic treatment but rarely provide a functional cure. Newer therapies involving direct antiviral agents and immune modulators show promise in achieving a functional cure of HBV.
EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Emily E. Currier, Yervant Ichkanian, Mohamad Dabaja, Maria Cristina Segovia, Yuval Patel, Shunji Nagai, Debra L. Sudan, Syed-Mohammed Jafri
Summary: Intestinal and multivisceral transplantation, originally used in pediatric patients, are relatively new procedures in adults. Despite improved success rates after transplantation, infectious complications and rejection continue to cause morbidity and mortality. This retrospective study analyzed adult transplant recipients from two institutions and found a high incidence of CMV infection, highlighting the need for a universal treatment protocol.
TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lauren Kasmikha, Naoshin Khan, Mohamed Ramzi Almajed, Abigail Entz, Syed-Mohammed Jafri
Summary: Acute portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a serious complication in patients with liver cirrhosis, especially in cases of superimposed viral infections such as hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV). This case study highlights the development of acute PVT in a patient with HCV cirrhosis and superimposed HBV infection during hospitalization. The diagnosis of PVT can be challenging, but repeat imaging and consideration of differentials are crucial in such cases. Anticoagulation should be individualized for cirrhotic patients with PVT to prevent and treat this condition, emphasizing the importance of prompt diagnosis, early intervention, and close monitoring.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
