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Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aleksandra Rojek, Beata Wikiera, Anna Noczynska, Marek Niedziela
Summary: Mutations in the INSR gene cause rare inherited syndromes associated with insulin resistance. Leprechaunism is one such syndrome characterized by extreme insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, glucose metabolism abnormalities, and growth retardation. Other symptoms include lipoatrophy, dysmorphic facies, hypertrichosis, and hypertrophy of internal organs. The importance of this article is 8 out of 10.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RESEARCH IN PEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zunli Ke, Si Tan, Haiyang Li, Shanshan Jiang, Yuping Li, Rui Chen, Mingxia Li
Summary: Nonalcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver condition associated with excessive fat deposition and is closely related to obesity or metabolic syndrome. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the progression of NAFLD, and reducing oxidative stress may improve the condition. Tangeretin, a natural compound with antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties, has shown promise in ameliorating NAFLD. This study found that tangeretin supplementation slowed down NAFLD progression by improving metabolic indexes, reducing hepatic oxidative stress, and reducing fat accumulation in the liver. The study also identified the Nrf2 pathway as a potential mechanism through which tangeretin exerts its effects. These findings suggest that tangeretin could be used as a dietary therapy for obesity-related NAFLD or metabolic syndrome.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Minxuan Xu, Jun Tan, Wei Dong, Benkui Zou, Xuepeng Teng, Liancai Zhu, Chenxu Ge, Xianling Dai, Qin Kuang, Shaoyu Zhong, Lili Lai, Chao Yi, Tingting Tang, Junjie Zhao, Longyan Wang, Jin Liu, Hao Wei, Yan Sun, Qiufeng Yang, Qiang Li, Deshuai Lou, Linfeng Hu, Xi Liu, Gang Kuang, Jing Luo, Mingxin Xiong, Jing Feng, Chufeng Zhang, Bochu Wang
Summary: This study reveals that Trim31 acts as an endogenous inhibitor of Rhbdf2 in mice, mitigating the development of NASH and potentially serving as a therapeutic target for treating NAFLD/NASH and associated metabolic disorders.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
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Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xi Chen, Enrique Maldonado, Ralph A. DeFronzo, Devjit Tripathy
Summary: The study revealed that there is a relationship between plasma glucagon levels and insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in obese individuals. As glucose intolerance worsens, the insulin-mediated suppression of glucagon secretion is impaired, which corresponds to the severity of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Dong Hyun Sinn, Danbee Kang, Mira Kang, Eliseo Guallar, Yun Soo Hong, Kyung Hyun Lee, Jiyeon Park, Juhee Cho, Geum-Youn Gwak
Summary: This cohort study found that patients with NAFLD are at increased risk of sarcopenia, as indicated by a faster loss of skeletal muscle mass. Patients with NAFLD, especially those with intermediate to high NFS, may require screening and early intervention to mitigate the loss of skeletal muscle mass.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nils B. Kroemer
Summary: As most studies have mainly focused on the effects of insulin in the brain on men, there is limited understanding of metabolic changes during the menstrual cycle in women. Hummel et al. found that insulin sensitivity is reduced during the luteal phase through intranasal insulin administration and functional MRI.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Morris F. White, C. Ronald Kahn
Summary: The discovery and application of insulin marked a major turning point in medical history, playing a crucial role in blood glucose regulation and the treatment of diseases like diabetes.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haoning Howard Cen, Bahira Hussein, Jose Diego Botezelli, Su Wang, Jiashuo Aaron Zhang, Nilou Noursadeghi, Niels Jessen, Brian Rodrigues, James A. Timmons, James D. Johnson
Summary: Hyperinsulinemia, often considered as a compensatory response to insulin resistance, may actually contribute to insulin resistance. The molecular mechanisms underlying this cyclic process are poorly understood. This study found a reliable negative correlation between fasting insulin and INSR mRNA in skeletal muscle. Through cell culture experiments, it was demonstrated that elevated insulin levels attenuated AKT and ERK signaling in muscle cells. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed changes in gene expression related to insulin receptor signaling, FOXO signaling, and glucose metabolism pathways. Hyperinsulinemia led to reduced Insr gene expression and decreased surface INSR protein. SIN3A was identified as a negative regulator of Insr mRNA. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms of hyperinsulinemia-induced insulin resistance in muscle.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ming Zhou, Guoyan Ren, Bin Zhang, Fuli Ma, Jinling Fan, Zhijun Qiu
Summary: In this study, a novel peptide GPPGPA was identified from collagen hydrolysates of Chinese giant salamander skin, and it was found to have the potential to reduce type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through a multi-target and multi-pathway mechanism. In vitro experiments showed that GPPGPA could effectively inhibit the activity of alpha-glucosidase and improve insulin resistance of HepG2 cells. This suggests that GPPGPA could be a promising hyperglycemic inhibitor in functional food.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rana Halloun, Alfonso Galderisi, Sonia Caprio, Ram Weiss
Summary: This study found that adipose tissue insulin resistance does not protect against increases in the degree of obesity in youth with obesity, and skeletal muscle insulin resistance is not associated with increases in the degree of obesity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jee Hoon Sim, Jinhee Kwon, Hyeonwook Chae, Su-Bon Kim, Hyunsu Cho, Woochan Lee, So Hee Kim, Chun-Won Byun, Sangin Hahn, Do Hyun Park, Seunghyup Yoo
Summary: This study proposes an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) catheter as an effective platform for photobiomodulation (PBM) in tubular organs. The fully encapsulated and flexible OLED catheter can operate in aqueous environments for extended periods. In a diabetic rat model, the red OLED catheter showed promising results in reducing hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, indicating its potential for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and other diseases.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sitara Niranjan, Brett E. E. Phillips, Nick Giannoukakis
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. It is becoming a common condition associated with liver disease in the US. The mechanism by which diabetes drives liver disease is a hot topic of discussion and research.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paula Emilia Nunes Ribeiro Bellot, Erik Sobrinho Braga, Folorunsho Bright Omage, Francisca Leide da Silva Nunes, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha Lima, Clelia Oliveira Lyra, Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni, Lucia Fatima Campos Pedrosa, Fernando Barbosa Jr, Ljubica Tasic, Karine Cavalcanti Mauricio Sena-Evangelista
Summary: Obesity is associated with lipid metabolism dysfunction, as indicated by lipidomics studies. This study compared cardiometabolic risk factors and lipidomic profiles in adults and older people. Obese individuals showed higher levels of waist circumference, visceral adiposity index, insulin resistance, and triacylglycerols. The lipidomic analysis revealed differences in saturated lipid metabolite fragments and phosphatidylcholine species between obese and non-obese groups.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paniz Anvarifard, Alireza Ostadrahimi, Mohammadreza Ardalan, Maryam Anbari, Zohreh Ghoreishi
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of propolis on various parameters in patients with CKD. The results showed that propolis supplementation significantly improved the health-related quality of life in CKD patients, but had no significant effects on other parameters such as kidney function and blood pressure.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Junhee Park, Jie Li, John P. Mayer, Kerri A. Ball, Jiayi Wu, Catherine Hall, Domenico Accili, Michael H. B. Stowell, Xiao-chen Bai, Eunhee Choi
Summary: This study reveals a mechanism for activating insulin receptor (IR) mutants that cause insulin resistance syndromes using a peptide agonist. The findings have important implications for the treatment of insulin resistance disorders and provide insights for structure-based drug design.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Jean-Philippe Bastard, Soraya Fellahi, Axel Regeniter, Jacqueline Capeau, Pierre Ronco, Emmanuelle Plaisier
CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martine Auclair, Anne-Claire Guenantin, Soraya Fellahi, Marie Garcia, Jacqueline Capeau
Article
Cell Biology
Guillaume Bidault, Marie Garcia, Jacqueline Capeau, Romain Morichon, Corinne Vigouroux, Veronique Bereziat
Article
Cell Biology
Kenza Ngono Ayissi, Jennifer Gorwood, Laura Le Pelletier, Christine Bourgeois, Carine Beaupere, Martine Auclair, Roberta Foresti, Roberto Motterlini, Michael Atlan, Aurelie Barrail-Tran, Roger Le Grand, Delphine Desjardins, Bruno Feve, Olivier Lambotte, Jacqueline Capeau, Veronique Bereziat, Claire Lagathu
Summary: Treatment with integrase-strand-transfer-inhibitors (INSTIs) can lead to adipose tissue gain and fibrosis, inhibiting beiging in adipose tissue and resulting in obesity and insulin resistance.