Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jain Jeong, Soyoung Jang, Song Park, Wookbong Kwon, Si-Yong Kim, Soyoen Jang, Jiwon Ko, Si Jun Park, Su-geun Lim, Duhak Yoon, Junkoo Yi, Sanggyu Lee, Myoung Ok Kim, Seong-Kyoon Choi, Zae Young Ryoo
Summary: The study highlighted the important role of JAZF1 in adipocyte differentiation and related metabolism through experiments in vitro and in vivo. Heterozygous JAZF1 knockout mice exhibited abnormalities in adipose tissue mass and glucose metabolism, providing new insights for treating obesity and metabolic disorders.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Maria Carmela Filomena, Daniel L. Yamamoto, Pierluigi Carullo, Roman Medvedev, Andrea Ghisleni, Nicoletta Piroddi, Beatrice Scellini, Roberta Crispino, Francesca D'Autilia, Jianlin Zhang, Arianna Felicetta, Simona Nemska, Simone Serio, Chiara Tesi, Daniele Catalucci, Wolfgang A. Linke, Roman Polishchuk, Corrado Poggesi, Mathias Gautel, Marie-Louise Bang
Summary: MYPN gene mutations cause cardiac diseases, and MYPN knockout mice rapidly develop severe cardiac dilation and dysfunction in response to aortic constriction, with accompanying fibrosis and altered protein levels associated with cardiac function.
Article
Immunology
Mari T. Iwasawa, Hideaki Miyachi, Seiichiro Wakabayashi, Takashi Sugihira, Reika Aoyama, Seitaro Nakagawa, Yuki Katayama, Mitsutoshi Yoneyama, Hiromitsu Hara, Yoichiro Iwakura, Masanori Matsumoto, Naohiro Inohara, Hanako Koguchi-Yoshioka, Manabu Fujimoto, Gabriel Nunez, Hiroyuki Matsue, Yuumi Nakamura, Shinobu Saijo
Summary: This study found that IL-17A and IL-17F play critical and redundant roles in host defense against C. albicans in the epidermis through their production by ILC3s. Furthermore, clearance of C. albicans in the epidermis is independent of innate immune receptors or these receptors act redundantly in fungal recognition and clearance.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dulce Lima Cunha, Amanda Oram, Robert Gruber, Roswitha Plank, Arno Lingenhel, Manoj K. Gupta, Janine Altmuller, Peter Nurnberg, Matthias Schmuth, Johannes Zschocke, Tomo Saric, Katja M. Eckl, Hans C. Hennies
Summary: The article introduces the successful generation of in vitro models mimicking the disease phenotypes of inherited ichthyoses using patient-derived human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), which can be used for further molecular investigations and drug development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
R. K. Subbarao Malireddi, Ratnakar R. Bynigeri, Balabhaskararao Kancharana, Bhesh Raj Sharma, Amanda R. Burton, Stephane Pelletier, Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti
Summary: This study generated a new line of IL-1 alpha KO mice using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. Compared to the previous model, this new model showed normal induction and activation of IL-1 beta in macrophages and normal response to multiple innate immune triggers. Furthermore, it was found that IL-1 alpha played a critical role in the expression of the neutrophil chemoattractant KC/CXCL1 independent of IL-1 beta.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Dorian Forte, Roberto Maria Pellegrino, Sara Trabanelli, Tommaso Tonetti, Francesca Ricci, Mara Cenerenti, Giorgia Comai, Pierluigi Tazzari, Tiziana Lazzarotto, Sandra Buratta, Lorena Urbanelli, Ghazal Narimanfar, Husam B. R. Alabed, Cristina Mecucci, Gaetano La Manna, Carla Emiliani, Camilla Jandus, Vito Marco Ranieri, Michele Cavo, Lucia Catani, Francesca Palandri
Summary: This study characterized circulating EPs in severe COVID-19 patients, finding that they have altered surface signature and distinct lipidomic profiles, which are correlated with disease severity. Compared to healthy controls, EPs from COVID-19 patients fail to dampen ILC2 cytokine secretion, leading to inflammatory responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiroki Irieda, Yoshitaka Takano
Summary: This study reveals the defense-related role of atypical small chloroplasts in plant leaves against fungal invasion, by positioning immune components to achieve antifungal nonhost resistance.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Ewa Oleszycka, Kamila Kwiecien, Patrycja Kwiecinska, Agnieszka Morytko, Natalia Pocalun, Michelle Camacho, Piotr Brzoza, Brian A. A. Zabel, Joanna Cichy
Summary: The skin, as the largest organ exposed to the environment, plays a critical role in integrating signals and defending against external threats. The interactions between the epidermis, immune system, and nervous system are now recognized for their importance in regulating and maintaining the skin barrier function in relation to skin pathophysiology. Dysregulation of these connections can lead to chronic inflammatory diseases and conditions associated with chronic pain or itch.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Costanza Maria Cristiani, Mariaelena Capone, Cinzia Garofalo, Gabriele Madonna, Domenico Mallardo, Marilena Tuffanelli, Vito Vanella, Marta Greco, Daniela Patrizia Foti, Giuseppe Viglietto, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Hergen Spits, Ennio Carbone
Summary: Monoclonal antibodies targeting immune checkpoints have shown improved clinical outcomes for patients with malignant melanoma, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study investigated the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors on innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and the impact of melanoma cells on ILC functions. The findings suggest that PD-1 blockade can affect the proportions and functions of ILCs in melanoma patients, and specific subpopulations are associated with treatment response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Kathryn I. Sunthankar, Matthew T. Jenkins, Candace H. Cote, Sweta B. Patel, Robert S. Welner, P. Brent Ferrell
Summary: Mutations in IDH2 gene impact cellular differentiation and signaling responses, making cells more sensitive to inflammatory immune ligands. The altered IL-1 beta signaling in IDH2 mutant cells, as confirmed by single-cell RNA sequencing, suggests this pathway could be a potential therapeutic target.
Article
Respiratory System
Tae-Ok Kim, Ki-Jeong Park, Young-Nan Cho, Hye-Mi Jin, Young-Goun Jo, Hyo Shin Kim, Jae Kyun Ju, Hong-Joon Shin, Bo-Gun Kho, Seung-Jung Kee, Yong-Wook Park
Summary: The study demonstrates that circulating MAIT cells are numerically deficient in patients with ARDS. These MAIT cells are activated, migrate into the lung, secrete IL-17, and stimulate macrophages, contributing to the worsening of inflammation in the lung of patients with ARDS.
Article
Neurosciences
Jerrik Rydbom, Halea Kohl, Vanesa R. Hyde, Kelly M. Lohr
Summary: The study found that abnormal tau aggregation in neurons can lead to reduced gut motility, increased bacterial load, and an enhanced immune response to Gram-negative bacteria, providing new insights into the potential role of the gut microbiome in modulating neurodegenerative diseases.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Wenjing Dong, Wenya Gao, Xiaolong Yan, Yuena Sun, Tianjun Xu
Summary: The innate immune system is the first line of defense against pathogens, while microRNA miR-132 plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses, specifically by targeting IL-1 beta to prevent excessive inflammation.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yanyun Du, Qianwen Peng, Du Cheng, Ting Pan, Wanwei Sun, Heping Wang, Xiaojian Ma, Ruirui He, Huazhi Zhang, Zhihui Cui, Xiong Feng, Zhiqiang Liu, Tianxin Zhao, Wenjun Hu, Lei Shen, Wenyang Jiang, Na Gao, Bradley N. Martin, Cun-Jin Zhang, Zhanguo Zhang, Chenhui Wang
Summary: This study reveals that BTNL2 is a potent suppressor of anti-tumor immune response. Blockade of BTNL2 attenuates tumor progression and prolongs survival in tumor-bearing mice. BTNL2 interacts with γ δ T cell populations to promote IL-17A production, leading to a dysfunctional tumor immune microenvironment. High BTNL2 expression is associated with tumor types and negatively correlates with patient survival.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Lilla Erdei, Beata Szilvia Bolla, Renata Bozo, Gabor Tax, Edit Urban, Katalin Burian, Lajos Kemenyl, Kornelia Szabo
Summary: Human epidermal keratinocytes sense the presence of human skin microbiota through pathogen recognition receptors and induce innate immune responses. TNFAIP3, a negative regulator of toll-like receptor and nuclear factor kappa B signalling pathways, may play a general role in fine regulation of microbiota-induced cutaneous immune homeostasis. The study suggests that TNFAIP3 could be involved in maintaining effective immune regulatory mechanisms in healthy skin and acne lesions.
ACTA DERMATO-VENEREOLOGICA
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Christopher H. Arehart, Michelle Daya, Monica Campbell, Meher Preethi Boorgula, Nicholas Rafaels, Sameer Chavan, Gloria David, Jon Hanifin, Mark K. Slifka, Richard L. Gallo, Tissa Hata, Lynda C. Schneider, Amy S. Paller, Peck Y. Ong, Jonathan M. Spergel, Emma Guttman-Yassky, Donald Y. M. Leung, Lisa A. Beck, Christopher R. Gignoux, Rasika A. Mathias, Kathleen C. Barnes
Summary: This study shows that polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for atopic dermatitis (AD) incorporating genetic determinants across atopic phenotypes and FLG loss-of-function variants can effectively predict the occurrence and severity of AD. Including FLG LOF mutations in genetic scoring further improves accuracy in predicting AD cases, with the best ability to distinguish individuals with severe AD.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sagar P. Bapat, Caroline Whitty, Cody T. Mowery, Yuqiong Liang, Arum Yoo, Zewen Jiang, Michael C. Peters, Ling-juan Zhang, Ian Vogel, Carmen Zhou, Vinh Q. Nguyen, Zhongmei Li, Christina Chang, Wandi S. Zhu, Annette T. Hastie, Helen He, Xin Ren, Wenli Qiu, Sarah G. Gayer, Chang Liu, Eun Jung Choi, Marlys Fassett, Jarish N. Cohen, Jamie L. Sturgill, Laura E. Crotty Alexander, Jae Myoung Suh, Christopher Liddle, Annette R. Atkins, Ruth T. Yu, Michael Downes, Sihao Liu, Barbara S. Nikolajczyk, In-Kyu Lee, Emma Guttman-Yassky, K. Mark Ansel, Prescott G. Woodruff, John Fahy, Dean Sheppard, Richard L. Gallo, Chun Jimmie Ye, Ronald M. Evans, Ye Zheng, Alexander Marson
Summary: Obesity can disrupt immune responses and alter the effectiveness of immunotherapies by changing T cell immune reactions and decreasing the activity of PPAR gamma in Th2 cells.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Ling-juan Zhang
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Morgan M. Severn, Michael R. Williams, Ali Shahbandi, Zoie L. Bunch, Laurie M. Lyon, Amber Nguyen, Livia S. Zaramela, Daniel A. Todd, Karsten Zengler, Nadja B. Cech, Richard L. Gallo, Alexander R. Horswill
Summary: Human skin is home to a variety of commensal bacteria, including Staphylococcus hominis, which plays an important role in preventing Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection. It produces multiple signaling molecules that inhibit the virulence factor regulation system of S. aureus and other related species. Synthetic versions of these molecules have shown protective effects against S. aureus-associated skin injuries in animal models.
Article
Oncology
Evan L. Carpenter, Alyssa L. Becker, Arup K. Indra
Summary: Melanocytes are pigment-producing cells in the skin that protect against UV radiation by synthesizing melanin and distributing it to adjacent cells. They face oxidative stress and utilize antioxidant systems, regulated by NRF2, to prevent cancer formation. However, melanomas hijack these systems for uncontrolled growth and metastasis, presenting a challenge for treatment.
Editorial Material
Dermatology
Samia Almoughrabie, Richard L. Gallo
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Nilika Bhattacharya, Arup K. Indra, Gitali Ganguli-Indra
Summary: The transcriptional regulator BCL11A is crucial for coordinating various developmental processes in the skin, but its role in adult skin homeostasis and tissue repair has been understudied. This study reveals that BCL11A in epidermal keratinocytes plays a key role in maintaining adult skin homeostasis and negatively regulates wound healing by suppressing keratinocyte proliferation and promoting delayed wound closure.
Article
Immunology
Tran H. Do, Feiyang Ma, Priscila R. Andrade, Rosane Teles, Bruno J. de Andrade Silva, Chanyue Hu, Alejandro Espinoza, Jer-En Hsu, Chun-Seok Cho, Myungjin Kim, Jingyue Xi, Xianying Xing, Olesya Plazyo, Lam C. Tsoi, Carol Cheng, Jenny Kim, Bryan D. Bryson, Alan M. O'Neill, Marco Colonna, Johann E. Gudjonsson, Eynav Klechevsky, Jun Hee Lee, Richard L. Gallo, Barry R. Bloom, Matteo Pellegrini, Robert L. Modlin
Summary: Acne, a common skin condition affecting 1 in 10 people globally, is characterized by disfiguring facial lesions. This study explored the mechanisms underlying the disease using single-cell and spatial RNA sequencing, as well as ultrahigh-resolution Seq-Scope analysis. The researchers identified TREM2 macrophages expressing lipid metabolism and proinflammatory genes near the hair follicle epithelium, which expressed squalene epoxidase. Through in vitro experiments, it was discovered that squalene induced differentiation of TREM2 macrophages, impairing their ability to kill Cutibacterium acnes. Additionally, the addition of squalene to macrophages inhibited oxidative enzymes and scavenged oxygen free radicals, providing insights into the efficacy of benzoyl peroxide in acne treatment. These findings contribute to our understanding of the role of TREM2 macrophages and unsaturated lipids in the pathogenesis of acne, as well as their similarity to atherosclerosis.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Chelsey D. Kline, Madeleine Anderson, John W. Bassett, Gail Kent, Rachel Berryman, Matthew Honeggar, Shosuke Ito, Kazumasa Wakamatsu, Arup K. Indra, Philip J. Moos, Sancy A. Leachman, Pamela B. Cassidy
Summary: Melanomas and melanocytes are affected by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the antioxidant enzyme thioredoxin reductase-1 (TR1) plays a role in controlling the stability and function of the master regulator MITF. TR1 and selenoproteins have paradoxical effects in melanocytes and melanomas, but increasing selenoprotein activity can prevent oxidative damage and tumor formation. Depletion of TR1 leads to oxidation of MITF and has implications for pigmentation and tumorigenesis in melanocyte lineage cells.
Editorial Material
Allergy
Elise Burger, Richard L. Gallo
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Kellen J. Cavagnero, Richard L. Gallo
Summary: Fibroblasts are stromal cells that produce extracellular matrix and play a role in tissue structure and scar formation. Recent studies have found that they are highly heterogeneous and actively participate in both innate and adaptive immune defense. Detailed analysis of barrier tissues such as skin, gut, and lung shows that some fibroblasts directly sense pathogens and other danger signals, contributing to host defense functions such as antimicrobial activity, white blood cell recruitment, and production of cytokines relevant to inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Qian Liu, Ryan Ranallo, Carmen Rios, Elizabeth A. Grice, Kyung Moon, Richard L. Gallo
Summary: The US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases organized a two-day virtual workshop to explore the interactions between skin microbial communities and the host immune system in both health and disease. The workshop aimed to assess the current knowledge in this field and identify gaps, challenges, and future directions.
Review
Immunology
Yang Chen, Rob Knight, Richard L. Gallo
Summary: Despite its harsh environment, human skin is home to diverse microbes that form communities and interact with the host immune system. Imbalances in the skin microbiome have been linked to inflammatory skin disorders. Recent research suggests that microorganisms on the skin can have systemic effects on the body. Advanced technologies, such as metagenomics, can provide more comprehensive information about the skin microbiome. Inter-species and multi-kingdom interactions are important but yet-to-be-explored aspects of skin disorders. Understanding these dynamics requires meta-omic studies and clinical trials. This review presents the current and emerging methods for profiling skin microbes to advance our understanding of the microbiome in skin disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Alan M. O'Neill, Marc C. Liggins, Jason S. Seidman, Tran H. Do, Fengwu Li, Kellen J. Cavagnero, Tatsuya Dokoshi, Joyce Y. Cheng, Faiza Shafiq, Tissa R. Hata, Johann E. Gudjonsson, Robert L. Modlin, Richard L. Gallo
Summary: Research has shown that adipogenic fibroblasts play a critical role in acne pathogenesis and can protect against Cutibacterium acnes infection by producing cathelicidin. The ability of C. acnes to trigger cathelicidin production in preadipocytes is dependent on TLR2. Retinoic acid (RA) treatment can suppress adipogenesis and enhance cathelicidin expression in preadipocytes, providing a potential therapeutic target for difficult-to-treat acne.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
