Review
Clinical Neurology
Lingling Xu, Yao Yao
Summary: This review discusses the anatomical location and molecular markers of fibroblast-like cells in the CNS, their functions in CNS development and neurological disorders, and current challenges and future directions in the field of research on CNS fibroblast-like cells.
Review
Immunology
Elisa Eme-Scolan, Laurie Arnaud-Paroutaud, Narjess Haidar, Annie Roussel-Queval, Rejane Rua
Summary: Important discoveries have been made in the field of neuroimmunology, specifically regarding the role of meninges in brain infection and cognitive disorders. This review discusses the protective role of meningeal layers in the central nervous system against various infections and explores the neurological consequences of meningeal infections in both neonates and adults. The aim is to provide an integrated view of meningeal immune regulations and their impact on CNS infections and neurological outcomes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Xiaohan Lu, Jiandong Zhang, Yi Wen, Jiafa Ren, Robert Griffiths, Nathan P. Rudemiller, Shintaro Ide, Tomokazu Souma, Steven D. Crowley
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the role of AT(1) receptors on CD11c(+) cells in the development of hypertension. They found that AT(1) receptor stimulation on dendritic cells (DCs) suppresses renal DC maturation and T cell activation, resulting in protection from sodium retention and blood pressure elevation. These findings provide insights into the pathogenesis of hypertension and offer new possibilities for its treatment.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Xue Chen, Min Huang, Zhenyuan Zhang, Huilan Jing, Yueli Zou, Hui Bu
Summary: This article reports a rare case of primary meningeal central nervous system lymphoma. The patient presented with progressive lower extremity motor dysfunction and blurred vision. Diagnosis was confirmed through cytology, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry of the cerebrospinal fluid. After treatment, the patient showed significant improvement and could walk and take care of herself after a 2-year follow-up.
Article
Immunology
Wenzhi Song, Olivia Q. Antao, Emily Condiff, Gina M. Sanchez, Irene Chernova, Krzysztof Zembrzuski, Holly Steach, Kira Rubtsova, Davide Angeletti, Alexander Lemenze, Brian J. Laidlaw, Joe Craft, Jason S. Weinstein
Summary: Tbet(+)CD11c(+) B cells are a specific subset of B cells that arise during immune challenges, aging, and autoimmune processes. T follicular helper (Tfh) cells were found to drive the generation of Tbet(+)CD11c(+) B cells, which develop prior to germinal center formation and have distinct phenotypic and transcriptional profiles from germinal center B cells. Fate tracking revealed that the development of most Tbet(+)CD11c(+) B cells is independent of germinal center entry and cell-intrinsic Bcl6 expression. These cells form a competitive memory subset in the marginal zone and contribute to efficient antibody production and secondary germinal center seeding upon rechallenge.
Review
Immunology
Paola de Candia, Claudio Procaccini, Claudia Russo, Maria Teresa Lepore, Giuseppe Matarese
Summary: Regulatory T cells, as key metabolic sensors, play a crucial role in controlling immune state and have promising therapeutic potential for autoimmune and metabolic disorders.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yue Liu, Guang Yang, Wenqiang Cui, Yunling Zhang, Xiao Liang
Summary: Central nervous system (CNS) diseases can cause various dysfunctions and have significant socio-economic impact. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) extracted from traditional Chinese medicine has shown potential in the treatment of CNS diseases through multiple mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Jia-Qi Xu, Qian-Qi Liu, Sheng-Yuan Huang, Chun-Yue Duan, Hong-Bin Lu, Yong Cao, Jian-Zhong Hu
Summary: The lymphatic vasculature in the central nervous system plays important roles in fluid homeostasis, metabolite clearance, and immune surveillance. It has been found that lymphatic vessels are present in the meninges and serve as major pathways for fluid exchange. Additionally, the abundance of immune cells suggests the involvement of lymphatic vessels in neuroimmunity. The lymphatic system also participates in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders through its functions in protein clearance, autoimmune cell infiltration, and pro-inflammatory signaling.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gianluca Lopez, Karam Han, Shino D. Magaki, Sophie X. X. Song, Noriko Salamon, Kanwarpal S. Kahlon, Inna Keselman, Ausaf A. Bari, Harry V. Vinters
Summary: A 65-year-old woman with resolved epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis presented with recurrent seizures. Brain imaging revealed enhancement in the left parieto-occipital lobe. Histopathological examination showed diffuse lymphoid infiltrate with atypical lymphocytes, plasmacytoid lymphocytes, and scattered plasma cells with amyloid deposition. Monotypic B-cell phenotype, lambda light chain restriction, and plasmacytic differentiation without MYD88 mutations were observed. The patient had no systemic evidence of lymphoma, plasma cell dyscrasia, or amyloidosis. The diagnosis was low-grade B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system with plasmacytic differentiation and amyloid deposition.
Article
Biology
Oksana Tsyklauri, Tereza Chadimova, Veronika Niederlova, Jirina Kovarova, Juraj Michalik, Iva Malatova, Sarka Janusova, Olha Ivashchenko, Helene Rossez, Ales Drobek, Hana Vecerova, Virginie Galati, Marek Kovar, Ondrej Stepanek
Summary: In this study, it was identified that Tregs limit the availability of IL-2, thereby suppressing the formation of a previously uncharacterized subset of antigen-stimulated KILR CD8(+) effector T cells. These KILR CD8(+) T cells exhibit superior cell-killing abilities and can be induced by the administration of agonistic IL-2 immunocomplexes. This research has potential implications for immunotherapy targeting these cells in humans.
Article
Immunology
Lianghui Diao, Alexandra Maximiliane Hierweger, Agnes Wieczorek, Petra Clara Arck, Kristin Thiele
Summary: The specific cross talk between pregnancy hormone progesterone and dendritic cells plays a crucial role in regulating the generation of regulatory T cells which are important for fetal development. Knockout of glucocorticoid receptor on dendritic cells improves placental function and fetal development, indicating a disrupted communication between glucocorticoids and dendritic cells favors a tolerant immune microenvironment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Nengqi Lin, Wei Yin, Heather Miller, Maria G. Byazrova, Andres A. Herrada, Kamel Benlagha, Pamela Lee, Fei Guan, Jiahui Lei, Quan Gong, Youqing Yan, Alexander Filatov, Chaohong Liu
Summary: Hepatitis B has become a major health threat worldwide, particularly in developing countries and regions. Infection with hepatitis B virus significantly increases the risk of liver diseases such as cirrhosis and cancer. The immune response against hepatitis B is mainly regulated by CD8+ T cells, which play a key role in fighting viral infections, while regulatory T cells prevent excessive immune response. Additionally, follicular T helper cells have a critical role in B-cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, and the formation of germinal centers. The development of hepatitis B virus is generally associated with immune system disorders or dysfunctions. This review focuses on the important functions and biological processes of regulatory T cells and follicular T helper cells during HBV infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Zachary Van Roy, Tammy Kielian
Summary: Epigenetics focuses on adaptable transcriptional regulation, influencing cell identity and function. During CNS infection, epigenetic mechanisms play a significant role in controlling immune cell maturation and antimicrobial properties. Researchers use epigenetic marks to organize immune cell populations' activation states and inflammatory processes in response to CNS infection.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jian Tan, Jemma Taitz, Shir Ming Sun, Lachlan Langford, Duan Ni, Laurence Macia
Summary: Modern industrial practices have changed the human diet, leading to increased consumption of processed foods and increased risk of inflammatory disorders. Dietary factors can directly regulate the development of anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells (Treg) and indirectly modulate Treg differentiation by altering the composition of gut microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Estrada Brull, Felix Rost, Josua Oderbolz, Florian R. Kirchner, Salome Leibundgut-Landmann, Annette Oxenius, Nicole Joller
Summary: This study investigates Treg specialization in persistent viral infections, specifically in chronic LCMV infection, and identifies the important functional role of CD85k in Treg-mediated suppression of type 1 immunity. These findings provide new insights into immune regulation in the context of chronic viral infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jonathan H. DeLong, Aisling O'Hara Hall, Christoph Konradt, Gaia M. Coppock, Jeongho Park, Gretchen Harms Pritchard, Christopher A. Hunter
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2018)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Aisling O'Hara Hall, Jennifer E. Towne, Scott E. Plevy
Article
Immunology
Carleigh A. O'Brien, Samantha J. Batista, Katherine M. Still, Tajie H. Harris
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carleigh A. O'Brien, Tajie H. Harris
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Takuma Sonoda, Jennifer Y. Li, Nikolas W. Hayes, Jonathan C. Chan, Yudai Okabe, Stephane Belin, Homaira Nawabi, Tiffany M. Schmidt
Editorial Material
Immunology
Michael A. Kovacs, Tajie H. Harris
Review
Parasitology
Maureen N. Cowan, Ish Sethi, Tajie H. Harris
Summary: Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, play important roles in maintaining homeostasis, promoting inflammation, and participating in immune responses against neuropathology. Studying microglial innate immune programs helps us understand neurodegenerative diseases better, and investigating the roles of microglia in pathogen infections and immunopathology processes is crucial.
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Michael A. Kovacs, Maureen N. Cowan, Isaac W. Babcock, Lydia A. Sibley, Katherine Still, Samantha J. Batista, Sydney A. Labuzan, Ish Sethi, Tajie H. Harris
Summary: The discovery of meningeal lymphatic vessels that drain the CNS has provided new insights into the development of immune responses in the brain. This study found that meningeal lymphatic drainage promotes T cell responses against the parasite Toxoplasma gondii in mice, and changes in dendritic cells in the dural meninges may support this process. However, disrupting meningeal lymphatic drainage did not affect parasite-specific T cell responses in the brain, suggesting that T cell activation at non-CNS-draining sites may compensate for the impairment.
Article
Microbiology
Katherine M. Still, Samantha J. Batista, Carleigh A. O'Brien, Oyebola O. Oyesola, Simon P. Fruh, Lauren M. Webb, Igor Smirnov, Michael A. Kovacs, Maureen N. Cowan, Nikolas W. Hayes, Jeremy A. Thompson, Elia D. Tait Wojno, Tajie H. Harris
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Scott M. Seki, Kacper Posyniak, Rebecca McCloud, Dorian A. Rosen, Anthony Fernandez-Castaneda, Rebecca M. Beiter, Vlad Serbulea, Sarah C. Nanziri, Nikolas Hayes, Charles Spivey, Lelisa Gemta, Timothy N. J. Bullock, Ku-Lung Hsu, Alban Gaultier
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jeremy A. Goettel, Daniel Kotlarz, Rohini Emani, James B. Canavan, Liza Konnikova, David Illig, Sandra M. Frei, Michael Field, Matthew Kowalik, Kaiyue Peng, Jordan Gringauz, Vanessa Mitsialis, Sarah M. Wall, Amy Tsou, Alexandra E. Griffith, Ying Huang, Joshua R. Friedman, Jennifer E. Towne, Scott E. Plevy, Aisling O'Hara Hall, Scott B. Snapper
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Immunology
Robyn S. Klein, Rhonda Voskuhl, Benjamin M. Segal, Bonnie N. Dittel, Thomas E. Lane, John R. Bethea, Monica J. Carson, Carol Colton, Susanna Rosi, Aileen Anderson, Laura Piccio, Joan M. Goverman, Etty N. Benveniste, Melissa A. Brown, Seema Kaushalya Tiwari-Woodruff, Tajie H. Harris, Anne H. Cross