Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wilson Cheuk Wing Chan, Zhijia Tan, Michael Kai Tsun To, Danny Chan
Summary: Bone is a dynamic tissue that responds to environmental changes such as nutrition and mechanical stress. Bone homeostasis is maintained through bone remodeling in adulthood, which involves a controlled balance between bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts. During embryonic development, bones can form through intramembraneous or endochondral ossification.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Austin P. Hensley, Audrey McAlinden
Summary: miRNAs are important epigenetic factors in regulating bone development, homeostasis, and repair processes by suppressing specific target genes. Studies have shown that alterations in miRNA levels or activity can lead to significant changes in cellular processes. Research has also revealed the potential therapeutic applications of miRNA regulation in various bone conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meng Chen, Liying Shan, Ying Gan, Lijie Tian, Jie Zhou, Endong Zhu, Hairui Yuan, Xiaoxia Li, Baoli Wang
Summary: MTSS1 plays a role in osteoblast differentiation and bone homeostasis by regulating Src-Wnt/beta-catenin signaling.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Xiaowen Wu, Xiaochen Wang, Liying Shan, Jie Zhou, Xin Zhang, Endong Zhu, Hairui Yuan, Baoli Wang
Summary: The loss of NFIX gene affects endochondral ossification and mineralization in bone, with NFIX inducing osteoblast differentiation and impairing adipocyte formation by regulating HMGA1 expression. HMGA1 plays a role in osteoblast commitment and mediates NFIX function by activating canonical Wnt signaling pathways.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Manuela Johnson de Sousa Brito, Andrew Butcher, Addolorata Pisconti, Blandine Poulet, Amanda Prior, Gemma Charlesworth, Catherine Sperinck, Michele Scotto di Mase, Ke Liu, George Bou-Gharios, Robert Jurgen van 't Hof, Anna Daroszewska
Summary: Syndecan-3 promotes new bone formation in osteoblasts by enhancing WNT signaling, and its deficiency in mice results in an early osteoporosis-like phenotype due to delayed osteoblast maturation and impaired function. Overexpressing Sdc3 in osteoblasts rescues the low bone volume phenotype and increases bone mass, making SDC3 a potential target for novel bone anabolic drug development.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
John Garcia, Anne M. Delany
Summary: This review highlights the role of miRNAs in regulating bone forming osteoblasts through their effects on the TGF beta and BMP pathways. By targeting ligands, receptors, and SMAD-mediated signaling, miRNAs contribute to the modulation of TGF beta and BMP signaling in the osteoblast lineage, which may have implications for potential therapeutic strategies. Induced during fracture, mechanical unloading, or estrogen deprivation, many of these miRNAs could potentially be used for localized delivery of therapeutics to promote bone formation.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Xiaoli Shi, Yunzhu Cen, Liying Shan, Lijie Tian, Endong Zhu, Hairui Yuan, Xiaoxia Li, Ying Liu, Baoli Wang
Summary: The study revealed that NDRG1 negatively regulated cell growth and modulated the differentiation of marrow stromal progenitor cells towards adipocytes, impacting the osteoblast differentiation. NDRG1 interacted with LRP6 and inactivated the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling cascade in stromal progenitor cells. In vivo transfection of Ndrg1 siRNA prevented inactivation of Wnt signaling and improved osteoblasts reduction and fat accumulation in ovariectomized mice.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Fabiana Csukasi, Michaela Bosakova, Tomas Barta, Jorge H. Martin, Jesus Arcedo, Maya Barad, Gustavo A. Rico-Llanos, Jennifer Zieba, Jose Becerra, Pavel Krejci, Ivan Duran, Deborah Krakow
Summary: Alterations in the balance between skeletogenesis and adipogenesis is a pathogenic feature in multiple skeletal disorders. Clinically, enhanced bone marrow adiposity in bones impairs mobility and increases fracture risk, reducing the quality of life of patients. The molecular mechanism that underlies the balance between skeletogenesis and adipogenesis is not completely understood but alterations in skeletal progenitor cells' differentiation pathway plays a key role. We recently demonstrated that mutations in the PTH receptor-1 (PTH1R) alter the differentiation of skeletal progenitors in two different skeletal genetic disorders and lead to accumulation of fat or cartilage in bones. Mechanistically, DEPTOR controls the subcellular localization of TAZ (transcriptional co-activator with a PDZ-binding domain), a transcriptional regulator that governs skeletal stem cells differentiation into either bone and fat. We show that DEPTOR regulation of TAZ localization is achieved through the control of Dishevelled2 (DVL2) phosphorylation. Depending on nutrient availability, DEPTOR directly interacts with PTH1R to regulate PTH/PTHrP signaling or it forms a complex with TAZ, to prevent its translocation to the nucleus and therefore inhibit its transcriptional activity. Our data point DEPTOR as a key molecule in skeletal progenitor differentiation; its dysregulation under pathologic conditions results in aberrant bone/fat balance.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dristi Bhandari, Ahmed Elshaarrawi, Karen S. Katula
Summary: WNT5A isoforms WNT5A-L(A) and WNT5A-S(B) exhibit distinct and overlapping functions in normal osteoblasts, affecting the expression of differentiation markers and proliferation differently. WNT5A-S(B) enhances beta-catenin signaling, while WNT5A-L(A) increases the proliferation of undifferentiated cells.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshihisa Komori
Summary: Runx2 is a crucial transcription factor in bone development, playing a key role in the maturation and proliferation of chondrocytes and osteoblasts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zheni Stavre, Jung-Min Kim, Yeon-Suk Yang, Kerstin Nundel, Sachin Chaugule, Tadatoshi Sato, Kwang Hwan Park, Guangping Gao, Ellen M. Gravallese, Jae-Hyuck Shim
Summary: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that causes systemic and articular bone loss. Suppressing the expression of Schnurri-3 (SHN3) can protect against inflammation-induced bone loss in RA models. Inhibition of SHN3 shows promise in limiting bone loss and promoting bone repair in RA.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yen-Zung Wu, Hsuan-Ti Huang, Tsung-Lin Cheng, Yen-Mou Lu, Sung-Yen Lin, Cheng-Jung Ho, Tien-Ching Lee, Chia-Hao Hsu, Peng-Ju Huang, Han Hsiang Huang, Jhong-You Li, Yu-De Su, Shih-Chieh Chen, Lin Kang, Chung-Hwan Chen
Summary: miRNAs play crucial roles in osteoporosis, and analyzing human blood samples can help identify miRNAs with diagnostic value and therapeutic potential. Further studies are needed to validate their clinical application value.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jinwu Bai, Weijun Zhang, Chenwei Zhou, Guangfeng Zhao, Huiming Zhong, Kai Hang, Jianxiang Xu, Wei Zhang, Erman Chen, Jiaqi Wu, Ling Liu, Deting Xue
Summary: MFG-E8 promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by regulating the GSK3 beta/beta-catenin signaling pathway and therefore, is a potential therapeutic target. This study has important clinical significance in addressing fracture nonunion and bone defects.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Charles Owen Smith, Roman A. Eliseev
Summary: This study investigates the changes in cellular bioenergetics during osteogenic differentiation, showing that osteogenic media and differentiation factors Wnt3a and BMP2 stimulate mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in bone progenitor cells, leading to bone formation.
STEM CELLS AND DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yunok Oh, Chang-Bum Ahn, M. P. C. K. Marasinghe, Jae-Young Je
Summary: Chitosan, a naturally occurring biodegradable polymer, demonstrates osteogenic effects in murine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Grating gallic acid onto chitosan enhances its potential for osteogenesis. Mechanistic study shows that GAC activates the Wnt signaling pathway to promote osteoblast differentiation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Atul Gupta, Imran Ahmad, Jyoti Kureel, Aijaz A. John, Eram Sultan, Debabrata Chanda, Naresh Kumar Agarwal, Alauddin, Wahajuddin, S. Prabhaker, Amita Verma, Divya Singh
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2016)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jyoti Kureel, Aijaz A. John, Manisha Dixit, Divya Singh
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Aijaz A. John, Ravi Prakash, Jyoti Kureel, Divya Singh
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2018)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Vikram Singh, Kundan S. Rawat, Shachi Mishra, Tanvi Baghel, Soobiya Fatima, Aijaz A. John, Navodayam Kalleti, Divya Singh, Aamir Nazir, Srikanta K. Rath, Atul Goel
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2018)
Article
Cell Biology
Ravi Prakash, Aijaz A. John, Divya Singh
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aijaz A. John, Ravi Prakash, Divya Singh
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mohd Imran Ahamad, Ravi Prakash, Aijaz A. John, Zahoor Wani, Deepika Yadav, Dnyaneshwar U. Bawankule, Suaib Luqman, Feroz Khan, Divya Singh, Atul Gupta
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Taruneet Kaur, Aijaz A. John, Chandresh Sharma, N. K. Vashisht, Divya Singh, Rajeev Kapila, Suman Kapila
Summary: The study reveals that miR300 negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation by impacting the signaling pathways associated with it, making it a potential therapeutic target for bone-related disorders. High levels of miR300 suppress the protein levels of Smad3, beta-catenin, and Runx2, indicating its role in osteoblast functioning.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ravi Prakash, Tripti Mishra, Kapil Dev, Kriti Sharma, Jitendra Kuldeep, Aijaz Ahmad John, Alok Tripathi, Chetan Sharma, Kamal Ram Arya, Brijesh Kumar, Mohd Imran Siddiqi, Narender Tadigoppula, Divya Singh
Summary: This study investigated the mechanism by which coelogin stimulates osteoblastogenesis and its effects on osteoprotection and bone regeneration. Results showed that coelogin treatment led to increased osteoblast proliferation, survival, differentiation, and mineralization in osteoblast cells, and promoted new bone formation and prevented bone deterioration in osteopenic mice. Signaling studies revealed that coelogin activates the ER-Erk and Akt-dependent pathways to stimulate osteoblastogenesis.
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Aijaz Ahmad John, Jun Xie, Yeon-Suk Yang, Jung-Min Kim, Chujiao Lin, Hong Ma, Guangping Gao, Jae-Hyuck Shim
Summary: This study developed a new gene therapy strategy for treating osteoporosis. By modulating the expression of miR-214-3p and miR-34a-5p, it is possible to simultaneously promote bone formation and suppress bone resorption, thereby reversing bone loss. This approach showed promising therapeutic effects in mouse models and did not lead to apparent adverse effects in non-skeletal tissues.
MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alok Tripathi, Aijaz A. John, Deepak Kumar, Saurabh Kumar Kaushal, Devendra Pratap Singh, Nazim Husain, Jayanta Sarkar, Divya Singh
Summary: This study reports the functional role of miR-539-3p in osteoblast functions and its downstream Akap-3 signaling in the regulation of osteoblastogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chujiao Lin, Qiyuan Yang, Dongsheng Guo, Jun Xie, Yeon-Suk Yang, Sachin Chaugule, Ngoc DeSouza, Won-Taek Oh, Rui Li, Zhihao Chen, Aijaz A. John, Qiang Qiu, Lihua Julie Zhu, Matthew B. Greenblatt, Sankar Ghosh, Shaoguang Li, Guangping Gao, Cole Haynes, Charles P. Emerson, Jae-Hyuck Shim
Summary: This study demonstrates that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is the major energy source for osteogenesis of skeletal progenitors. Deletion of ECSIT hinders bone formation and regeneration, resulting in skeletal deformity and defects in the bone marrow niche.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Correction
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alok Tripathi, Aijaz A. John
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL DENSITOMETRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Aryan Mago, Yeon-Suk Yang, Jae-Hyuck Shim, Aijaz Ahmad John
Summary: Although chronic exposure to low concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is associated with various health effects, monitoring of VOCs is inadequate in industrializing countries. This study developed a wearable color-changing VOC sensor that can be analyzed via smartphone and offers accessible treatment options.