Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juhae Kim, Juyoung Kim, Young Hye Kwon
Summary: The effects of maternal leucine supplementation on metabolic dysregulation in adult offspring were investigated. It was found that maternal leucine supplementation in male offspring challenged with postnatal high-fat feeding resulted in an anti-obesity phenotype accompanied by improved glucose homeostasis. These beneficial effects of leucine may be mediated through the activation of FGF21 signaling in adipose tissue.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Byungtae Hwang, Min-Gi Kwon, Min Ji Cho, Nam-Kyung Lee, Jangwook Lee, Jeong Woong Lee, Kyoung-Jin Oh, Kwang-Hee Bae, Jung Hwan Hwang, Jeong-Ki Min, Jong-Gil Park
Summary: This study highlights the critical role of PTP4A1 in regulating hepatosteatosis and glucose homeostasis. It demonstrates that PTP4A1 prevents the accumulation of hepatic lipids and regulates glucose uptake by activating the CREBH/FGF21 axis. Modulating PTP4A1 may offer a potential therapeutic strategy against hepatosteatosis-related diseases.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Antwi-Boasiako Oteng, Sei Higuchi, Alexander S. Banks, Rebecca A. Haeusler
Summary: Cyp2c-/- mice, lacking MCAs and with altered BA composition, are protected from diet-induced obesity and show reduced intestinal lipid absorption. While MCAs do not protect against diet-induced obesity, they may offer protection against liver injury.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chao-Yue Kong, Zhan-Ming Li, Hui-Ling Chen, Yu-Qin Mao, Bing Han, Jian-Jun Guo, Li-Shun Wang
Summary: This study investigated the benefits of a novel dietary treatment in mice with MetS. The results showed that the CR-YD diet had a better therapeutic effect in mice with HFD-induced MetS compared to calorie restriction alone.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Songfeng Yu, Wenjun Wang, Han Wang, Tingting Bu, Ling Liu, Runan Zhao, Shanshan Li, Donghong Liu, Jianping Wu
Summary: This study investigates the effects of two peptides, VY and SFLLR, on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. The results show that peptide supplementation can reduce weight gain, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, inflammation, liver injury, and lipid accumulation. It also improves gut dysbiosis. These peptides have the potential to prevent type 2 diabetes.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Weiqi Xu, Yujie Huang, Wangting Zhou, Yujia Peng, Xuhui Kan, Wei Dong, Guijie Chen, Xiaoxiong Zeng, Zhonghua Liu
Summary: This study found that Theasinensin A (TSA) has hypoglycemic and anti-inflammatory effects in high-fat-diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, and it improves glucose and lipid metabolism by modulating gut microbiota. High-dose TSA has better beneficial effects on blood biochemical parameters, hepatic function, and gut microbiota.
FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Joseph L. Zapater, Barton Wicksteed, Brian T. Layden
Summary: HKDC1 is involved in postprandial glucose regulation during pregnancy and contributes to the modulation of postprandial dietary glucose transport in the intestine under conditions of enhanced metabolic stress.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ziquan Lv, Zhi Tang, Suli Huang, Xiaoxiao Hu, Changfeng Peng, Yuhua Chen, Guangnan Liu, Ying Chen, Tingting Cao, Cuilan Hou, Xinyi Wei, Yuebin Ke, Xuan Zou, Huaicai Zeng, Yajie Guo
Summary: This study found that long-term exposure to BPF can significantly improve glucose metabolism and enhance insulin sensitivity in mice fed a high-fat diet.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jorge G. Garcia, Eduardo Ansorena, Fermin I. Milagro, Guillermo Zalba, Carlos de Miguel
Summary: This study suggests that endothelial NOX5 expression may regulate glucose sensitivity and lipid homeostasis in adipose tissue under conditions of high-calorie diet.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mingzhi Ren, Jianfei Pan, Xueying Yu, Kaile Chang, Xiaopeng Yuan, Chunbo Zhang
Summary: The study shows that CTRP1 improves glucose homeostasis, prevents obesity and fatty liver by increasing energy expenditure and reducing food intake. It also exerts anti-inflammatory effects by regulating gene expression and signaling pathways in adipose tissue.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Valentina Murtaj, Silvia Penati, Sara Belloli, Maria Foti, Angela Coliva, Angela Papagna, Cecilia Gotti, Elisa Toninelli, Remy Chiaffarelli, Stefano Mantero, Susanna Pucci, Michela Matteoli, Maria Luisa Malosio, Rosa Maria Moresco
Summary: The study found that male mice exposed to a high fat diet are more susceptible to metabolic changes compared to female mice, showing faster and higher weight gain, elevated cholesterol and liver enzyme levels, and more prominent brain inflammation.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zhitian Lu, Xudong Li, Min Wang, Xiaojun Zhang, Runxuan Zhuang, Fan Wu, Wenxue Li, Wei Zhu, Bo Zhang
Summary: Nobiletin (NOB), a compound found in citrus peels, has potential lipid-lowering and circadian-enhancing properties. This study showed that NOB can reduce liver triglyceride levels and regulate genes involved in lipid and cholesterol metabolism, independently of the core clock component Bmal1.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lingli Cai, Xinyi Xia, Yunjie Gu, Lili Hu, Cheng Li, Xiaojing Ma, Jun Yin
Summary: Low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) is effective for weight loss and improved glycemic control in humans, but in mice, high-fat diets (HFD) are more attractive and can lead to obesity and metabolic disorders. Different food preferences may be the underlying mechanism behind the opposite effects of LCD/HFD in humans and mice.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junting Xie, Xiaoning Hou, Wanshi He, Jie Xiao, Yong Cao, Xiaojuan Liu
Summary: Although the specific action site and signal pathway of astaxanthin in weight loss remain unclear, this study used Caenorhabditis elegans to shed light on its efficacy and specific action sites. The supplementation of 60 μM astaxanthin significantly reduced fat deposition and triglyceride levels and prevented obesity caused by excessive energy accumulation. These effects were induced by sbp-1/mdt-15 and insulin/insulin-like growth factor pathways, and co-regulated the down-regulation of specific sites fat-6 and fat-7.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ryan A. Lafferty, Laura M. McShane, Zara J. Franklin, Peter R. Flatt, Finbarr P. M. O'Harte, Nigel Irwin
Summary: In this study, the metabolic benefits of two glucagon receptor antagonists were evaluated in insulin-resistant high-fat-fed mice. The results showed that these antagonists can decrease blood glucose levels, reduce food intake, and improve glucose tolerance. These data provide further evidence that peptidic GCGR antagonists are effective treatment options for obesity-driven forms of diabetes.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Sachiyo Fukushima, Nobuto Nakanishi, Kazumichi Fujioka, Kenichi Suga, Taku Shirakawa, Kayo Osawa, Kanako Hara, Rie Tsutsumi, Maki Urushihara, Ryuji Nakagawa, Hiroyuki Awano, Jun Oto, Hiroshi Sakaue, Kazumoto Iijima, Masafumi Matsuo
Summary: This study investigated the changes in urinary titin N-fragment levels in infants with postmenstrual age, revealing an exponential decline with postmenstrual age and a significant increase in catabolic state in preterm infants.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kana Beppu, Rie Tsutsumi, Satoshi Ansai, Nana Ochiai, Mai Terakawa, Marie Mori, Masashi Kuroda, Kazuki Horikawa, Takumi Tomoi, Joe Sakamoto, Yasuhiro Kamei, Kiyoshi Naruse, Hiroshi Sakaue
Summary: This study established an engineered strain of medaka that allows direct visualization of taste receptor expression and identified potential therapeutic agents for dysgeusia. The findings provide new insights and tools for the treatment of taste disorders.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, Mohannad Ashtar, Masahiro Hiasa, Yusuke Inoue, Asuka Oda, Kotaro Tanimoto, So Shimizu, Yoshiki Higa, Takeshi Harada, Masahiro Oura, Kimiko Sogabe, Tomoyo Hara, Ryohei Sumitani, Tomoko Maruhashi, Mayu Sebe, Rie Tsutsumi, Hiroshi Sakaue, Itsuro Endo, Toshio Matsumoto, Eiji Tanaka, Masahiro Abe
Summary: LLZ can alleviate inflammation and bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting the formation and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and suppressing the production of TNF-alpha and IL-6.
CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mitsuaki Sobajima, Masato Miyake, Yoshimasa Hamada, Kazue Tsugawa, Miho Oyadomari, Ryota Inoue, Jun Shirakawa, Hiroshi Arima, Seiichi Oyadomari
Summary: The stress-inducible transcription factor ATF4 is crucial for the survival and identity of beta-cells during stress conditions. Its role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was investigated using beta-cell-specific Atf4 knockout mice. The results showed that ATF4 is essential for insulin production and glucose-stimulated ATP and cAMP production, contributing to the multifaceted regulatory process in GSIS.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Asami Okada, Misuzu Yamada-Yamashita, Yukari Tominaga, Kyoka Jo, Hiroyasu Mori, Reiko Suzuki, Masashi Ishizu, Motoyuki Tamaki, Yuko Akehi, Yuichi Takashi, Daisuke Koga, Eisuke Shimokita, Fuminori Tanihara, Kiyoe Kurahashi, Sumiko Yoshida, Yukari Mitsui, Shiho Masuda, Itsuro Endo, Ken-Ichi Aihara, Shoji Kagami, Masahiro Abe, Kevin Ferreri, Yoshio Fujitani, Munehide Matsuhisa, Akio Kuroda
Summary: Several research groups have reported methods for quantifying pancreatic beta cell injury by measuring CpG unmethylation of the insulin gene in circulation using digital droplet PCR or next-generation sequencing. The novel method developed in this study can detect four CpG unmethylations of the insulin gene, showing high linearity and the ability to detect a single copy of unmethylated insulin DNA.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Takahiro Seki, Yunlong Yang, Xiaoting Sun, Sharon Lim, Sisi Xie, Ziheng Guo, Wenjing Xiong, Masashi Kuroda, Hiroshi Sakaue, Kayoko Hosaka, Xu Jing, Masahito Yoshihara, Lili Qu, Xin Li, Yuguo Chen, Yihai Cao
Summary: Exposure to cold conditions inhibits the growth of various types of solid tumors by decreasing blood glucose and impeding glycolysis-based metabolism in cancer cells. Cold exposure also reduces glucose uptake in tumor tissue. These findings provide a new concept and paradigm for cancer therapy using a simple and effective approach.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Aoi Suenaga, Yasuyuki Seto, Masafumi Funamoto, Masaki Imanishi, Koichiro Tsuchiya, Yasumasa Ikeda
Summary: This study investigated the effects of TJ-17, a traditional Japanese Kampo medicine, on chronic kidney disease (CKD). The results showed that TJ-17 could alleviate renal injury, inflammation, and fibrosis in a mouse model of CKD induced by folic acid. It has a potential preventive effect on CKD.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Takahiro Kato, Satoshi Kamiya, Soshi Narasaki, Ayako Sumii, Yasuo M. Tsutsumi, Kyoka Machida, Kanako Hara, Yuna Izumi-Mishima, Rie Tsutsumi, Hiroshi Sakaue
Summary: The consumption of partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) can improve the gut environment, alleviate the negative effects of H1N1 influenza virus infection, by promoting the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), inhibiting the increase of inflammatory cytokines, and enhancing natural killer cell activity and regulatory T-cell differentiation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Toshiki Otoda, Akiko Sekine, Ryoko Uemoto, Seijiro Tsuji, Tomoyo Hara, Motoyuki Tamaki, Tomoyuki Yuasa, Toshiaki Tamaki, Munehide Matsuhisa, Ken-ichi Aihara
Summary: Large-scale clinical trials have shown that SGLT2 inhibitors can reduce proteinuria in diabetic kidney disease. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with a reduction in proteinuria following SGLT2 inhibitor administration, and found that decreased albuminuria levels were associated with decreased serum TNFR levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saya Yasui, Yousuke Kaneko, Hiroki Yamagami, Minae Hosoki, Taiki Hori, Akihiro Tani, Tomoyo Hara, Kiyoe Kurahashi, Takeshi Harada, Shingen Nakamura, Toshiki Otoda, Tomoyuki Yuasa, Hiroyasu Mori, Akio Kuroda, Itsuro Endo, Munehide Matsuhisa, Takeshi Soeki, Ken-ichi Aihara
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between DHEAS and the development of skeletal muscle disorders in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The results showed a positive association between DHEAS level and handgrip strength, but no association with skeletal muscle mass index or gait speed. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed an inverse association between DHEAS level and dynapenia prevalence, but no association with pre-sarcopenia or sarcopenia prevalence. A significant association between DHEAS level and dynapenia was found in males but not in females.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiroki Yamagami, Tomoyo Hara, Saya Yasui, Minae Hosoki, Taiki Hori, Yousuke Kaneko, Yukari Mitsui, Kiyoe Kurahashi, Takeshi Harada, Sumiko Yoshida, Shingen Nakamura, Toshiki Otoda, Tomoyuki Yuasa, Akio Kuroda, Itsuro Endo, Munehide Matsuhisa, Masahiro Abe, Ken-ichi Aihara
Summary: The study confirms the association between the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and the accumulation of advanced glycation end products. Measuring skin autofluorescence (SAF) can serve as an indicator of the severity of DKD. The study also finds a positive correlation between SAF and urine liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (uLFABP), but no association with urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR).
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Masato Tagi, Mari Tajiri, Yasuhiro Hamada, Yoshifumi Wakata, Xiao Shan, Kazumi Ozaki, Masanori Kubota, Sosuke Amano, Hiroshi Sakaue, Yoshiko Suzuki, Jun Hirose
Summary: This study compared the accuracy of estimation of leftover liquid food using an artificial intelligence (AI)-based model with visual estimation. The results showed that the AI estimation method achieved a smaller mean absolute error and root mean squared error, and a larger coefficient of determination (R-2) for liquid food compared to visual estimation. However, the accuracy of AI estimation in estimating staple food leftovers needs improvement.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masato Miyake, Mitsuaki Sobajima, Kiyoe Kurahashi, Akira Shigenaga, Masaya Denda, Akira Otaka, Tomohide Saio, Naoki Sakane, Hidetaka Kosako, Seiichi Oyadomari
Summary: A small molecule called KM04794 has been identified to alleviate protein aggregation and cell death caused by ER stress, and enhance insulin levels, thereby improving the function of pancreatic insulin-secreting cells.
CELL CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kana Beppu, Ayuka Kawakami, Yuna Mishima, Rie Tsutsumi, Masashi Kuroda, Hiroyasu Mori, Akio Kuroda, Munehisa Matsuhisa, Hiroshi Sakaue
Summary: Dysgeusia is associated with zinc deficiency, certain drugs, and diseases such as diabetes and renal failure. This study focused on taste receptor gene expression in diabetes and revealed a relationship between taste receptor gene expression and renal function.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuya Ikezumi, Yasushi Matsuura, Teruhiro Morishita, Noriko Ide, Isao Kitada, Takafumi Katayama, Rie Tsutsumi, Hiroshi Sakaue, Yutaka Taketani, Koichi Sairyo, Eiji Takeda
Summary: This study examined the changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels after daily intake of 1000 IU vitamin D for 3 months, 6 months, and then a cessation of vitamin D intake for 6 months. The results showed a significant increase in serum 25(OH)D levels after 3 months of intake, maintenance of higher levels after 6 months of intake, and a decrease after 6 months of cessation. The study suggests that a daily intake of 1000 IU vitamin D can maintain higher levels of 25(OH)D without causing vitamin D intoxication.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)