Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Seong-Kyu Kim, Jung-Yoon Choe, Ji-Won Kim, Ki-Yeun Park
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of statins on monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation by regulating PPAR-gamma. The expression of PPAR-gamma, NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1 beta in THP-1 cells treated with statins and stimulated with MSU crystals was assessed. Treatment with statins reversed the changes in gene and protein expression caused by MSU crystal stimulation. The study demonstrated the involvement of PPAR-gamma in suppressing MSU-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the inhibitory effect of statins on this activation through the regulation of PPAR-gamma activity and ROS generation.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jung Seok Hwang, Eunsu Kim, Hyuk Gyoon Lee, Won Jin Lee, Jun Pil Won, Jinwoo Hur, Junichi Fujii, Han Geuk Seo
Summary: The study shows that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPAR delta) inhibits ferroptosis in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) derived from cysteine/glutamate transporter (xCT)-knockout mice by regulating catalase expression. The effects associated with PPAR delta are counteracted in the presence of a specific inhibitor of catalase, indicating the importance of catalase for the effect of PPAR delta on ferroptosis triggered by xCT deficiency.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yujin Lee, Joo Weon Lim, Hyeyoung Kim
Summary: This study found that alpha-lipoic acid inhibits the increase in ROS production and IL-6 expression levels induced by Cerulein and resistin through activating PPAR-gamma and inducing the expression of HO-1 and catalase in pancreatic acinar cells.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shan Zhang, Yanru You, Yachong Li, Hairui Yuan, Jie Zhou, Lijie Tian, Ying Liu, Baoli Wang, Endong Zhu
Summary: Foxk1 promotes adipocyte differentiation by facilitating nuclear translocation and upregulating the transcriptional activity of the Ppar gamma 2 promoter.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weibei Sheng, Qichang Wang, Haotian Qin, Siyang Cao, Yihao Wei, Jian Weng, Fei Yu, Hui Zeng
Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that is exacerbated by population aging, resulting in a significant economic burden. Current therapies are inadequate, but research on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) shows promise in slowing OA progression. PPARs have emerged as potential targets for effective OA treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanhao Qiu, Mailin Gan, Xingyu Wang, Tianci Liao, Qiuyang Chen, Yuhang Lei, Lei Chen, Jinyong Wang, Ye Zhao, Lili Niu, Yan Wang, Shunhua Zhang, Li Zhu, Linyuan Shen
Summary: Excessive expansion of adipocytes can lead to ectopic fat deposition, increasing the risk of metabolic diseases. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) plays a crucial role in fat cell differentiation and adipogenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Riham M. Mansour, Nesrine S. El Sayed, Maha A. E. Ahmed, Ayman E. El-Sahar
Summary: This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effect of telmisartan in 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity. The results showed that telmisartan improved motor and cognitive functioning, reduced neuronal inflammation and apoptosis, and promoted mitochondrial biogenesis through PPAR gamma activation.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhenzhen Zhang, Tiantian Yao, Nan Zhao, Hui Liu, Hao Cheng, Frank J. Gonzalez, Hua Wang, Guiqiang Wang, Aijuan Qu, Yan Wang
Summary: In this study, it was found that the expression of PPAR alpha in the liver was significantly decreased in drug-induced liver injury caused by acetaminophen. Knocking out the Ppara gene in hepatocytes can alleviate acetaminophen-induced liver injury by reducing oxidative stress and upregulating the hepatoprotective IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shi Fang, M. Christine Livergood, Pablo Nakagawa, Jing Wu, Curt D. Sigmund
Summary: This review focuses on the mechanisms by which nuclear receptors mediate transcriptional responses, with a specific emphasis on the role of PPARγ in regulating blood pressure. Genetic and clinical trial data demonstrate the importance of PPARγ in hypertension, and the tissue- and cell-specific molecular mechanisms by which PPARs modulate blood pressure and related phenotypes are detailed. The role of placental PPARs in preeclampsia is also discussed, along with future research directions and implications for novel therapies.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mahesha Gangadhariah, Triveni Pardhi, Jahnavi Ravilla, Subhash Chandra, Sridevi Annapurna Singh
Summary: PPAR gamma agonists are effective in treating type 2 diabetes but have severe side effects. Lemon contains eriocitrin, which may have potential as a PPAR gamma agonist.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Xianxiu Wan, Nisha Jain Garg
Summary: Trypanosoma cruzi, a digenetic parasite, replicates in mammalian hosts, triggering immune responses and cellular damage, leading to the release of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Mitochondrial dysfunction is proposed as a major source of oxidative stress in chronic infection, contributing to Chagas disease pathology. SIRT1, a histone deacetylase, may improve mitochondrial function and control oxidative and inflammatory stress in Chagas disease.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiroyuki Miyachi
Summary: Recent progress in understanding the structure and pharmacology of hPPAR gamma has allowed for investigation of various ligands and their effects on biological responses. These ligands serve as valuable tools for studying hPPAR gamma function and potential drugs for hPPAR gamma-related diseases. This review summarizes the medicinal chemistry research on the design, synthesis, and evaluation of hPPAR gamma antagonists based on the induction/inhibition concept of helix 12 (H12) and presents X-ray crystallographic analyses of their unique binding modes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nuno M. S. Almeida, Yigitcan Eken, Angela K. Wilson
Summary: This study investigates the impact of PFASs on PPAR gamma and their molecular interactions, identifying two binding sites on PPAR gamma and studying the influence of acidic and basic residues on binding. Furthermore, a comparison of the binding patterns of L-carnitine and PFASs provides insights into mitigation strategies for PFASs.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lara Senn, Anna-Maria Costa, Rossella Avallone, Katarzyna Socala, Piotr Wlaz, Giuseppe Biagini
Summary: The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma), known for its role in metabolic disorders, has been increasingly investigated for its potential involvement in neurological diseases, particularly in epilepsy. Epilepsy, a chronic neurological disorder, has a significant impact on patients' psychological, social, and economic well-being. With a global prevalence of 0.5%-1.0%, epilepsy ranks fourth in importance among neurological disorders. This review focuses on recent findings regarding the intracellular processes dependent on PPAR gamma and their potential anti-seizure effects, as well as promising results from clinical investigations involving PPAR gamma agonists and the ketogenic diet in epilepsy rodent models.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xingren Chen, Xiaobo Zhu, Jian Dong, Fang Chen, Qi Gao, Lijun Zhang, Dawei Cai, Hui Dong, Binjia Ruan, Yongxiang Wang, Qing Jiang, Wangsen Cao
Summary: The study demonstrates that diacerein has a significant protective effect on cartilage damage in OA mice, by inhibiting the upregulation of DNMT1/3a, promoter hypermethylation of PPAR gamma, and reversing the expression of antioxidant enzymes and inflammatory cytokines.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suyun Choi, Hyeyoung Kim
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Suhn Hyung Kim, Hyeyoung Kim
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jaeeun Lee, Joo Weon Lim, Hyeyoung Kim
Summary: Excessive alcohol intake leads to the accumulation of fatty acid ethyl esters in the pancreas, causing pancreatic cell injury and alcoholic pancreatitis. Lycopene inhibits NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS production, preventing damage induced by ethanol and fatty acids in pancreatic cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suji Bae, Joo Weon Lim, Hyeyoung Kim
Summary: This research demonstrates that beta-carotene inhibits MMP-10 expression and cell invasion induced by H. pylori by increasing PPAR-gamma-mediated catalase expression and reducing ROS levels in infected cells, thereby exerting an inhibitory effect on MAPK-mediated processes.
Article
Cell Biology
Min Seung Kwak, Joo Weon Lim, Hyeyoung Kim
Summary: Obesity increases the incidence of acute pancreatitis and induces the adipocytokine resistin, which in turn aggravates the expression of the proinflammatory mediator IL-6. Astaxanthin (ASX) has been found to inhibit IL-6 expression by reducing calcium overload and oxidative stress caused by resistin in pancreatic acinar cells.
MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiyeon Choi, Joo Weon Lim, Hyeyoung Kim
Summary: House dust mites are crucial in airway inflammation, activating Toll-like receptor 4 and inducing inflammatory cytokine expression in respiratory epithelial cells. The antioxidant lycopene can inhibit these effects by suppressing TLR4 activation and reducing ROS levels in cells.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu Jin Ahn, Hyeyoung Kim
Summary: Lutein, obtained from foods like dark green leafy vegetables and egg yolk, has antioxidant properties and can inhibit inflammatory mediators and signaling pathways, thus preventing the development of inflammatory diseases. This review discusses the anti-inflammatory function of lutein in various organs against diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, eye diseases, diabetes, osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, skin diseases, liver injury, obesity, and colon diseases.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Suhn Hyung Kim, Hyeyoung Kim
Summary: Helicobacter pylori infection promotes gastric carcinogenesis by increasing oxidative stress, inflammation, and dysregulation of cell survival and proliferation of gastric epithelial cells. Astaxanthin exhibits antioxidant and anticancer effects by modulating aberrant signaling pathways that lead to dysregulation of cell death and proliferation. Astaxanthin significantly reversed H. pylori-induced transcriptional alterations of key mediators involved in the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent to counter-regulate proliferation-associated gene expression changes induced by H. pylori.
Article
Oncology
Sun Ah Chung, Joo Weon Lim, Hyeyong Kim
Summary: The study demonstrated that DHA inhibits cytokine expression and NF-kappa B activation induced by poly (I:C) or TNF-alpha in PSCs by reducing intracellular and mitochondrial ROS accumulation. Consuming DHA-rich foods may be beneficial in preventing chronic pancreatitis by inhibiting cytokine expression in PSCs.
JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hae Sou Kim, Joo Weon Lim, Hyeyoung Kim
Summary: In this study, it was found that Korean red ginseng extract (RGE) suppresses the expression of IL-8 and alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction in H. pylori-infected cells through the activation of Nrf2, induction of SOD-1 and HO-1, and reduction of ROS.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jaeeun Lee, Joo Weon Lim, Hyeyoung Kim
Summary: Alcohol increases gut permeability, leading to pancreatic damage. Ethanol or LPS treatment increases ROS production. Lycopene inhibits IL-6 expression and reduces ROS levels through the Nrf2 pathway.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jaeeun Lee, Joo Weon Lim, Hyeyoung Kim
Summary: Oxidative stress induces DNA damage and apoptosis, while astaxanthin protects against oxidative stress-induced damage by preventing Ku protein degradation and suppressing apoptosis. The study found that oxidative stress decreases Ku70/80 expression through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, leading to DNA fragmentation and apoptotic cell death. However, astaxanthin inhibits oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis by reducing ROS levels and inhibiting Ku protein degradation. Overall, dietary astaxanthin supplementation or consumption of astaxanthin-rich food may be effective in preventing or delaying oxidative stress-induced cell damage by suppressing Ku protein loss and apoptosis in gastric epithelial cells.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jimin Lee, Joo Weon Lim, Hyeyoung Kim
Summary: Helicobacter pylori infection increases MMP expression and cell invasion, while astaxanthin inhibits MMP expression and cell invasion by suppressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jaeeun Lee, Min-Hyun Kim, Hyeyoung Kim
Summary: A moderate amount of ROS plays an important role in cell signaling and immune response, while excessive production can lead to inflammation and pathological conditions. The gastrointestinal mucosa is continuously exposed to ROS, increasing the risk of GI disorders. AST, a compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has shown protective effects against GI diseases through various mechanisms, including ROS neutralization, enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity, and suppression of inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
An Jun Lee, Joo Weon Lim, Hyeyoung Kim
Summary: House dust mite (HDM) induces oxidative stress and inflammatory response by releasing chemokines, leading to IL-8 expression. Ascorbic acid reduces ROS production, inhibits MAPKs, NF-κB and AP-1 activation, and reduces IL-8 expression. Consuming ascorbic acid-rich foods may help prevent HDM-induced respiratory inflammation by suppressing oxidative stress-mediated signaling pathways.
JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kun He, Mengyi Xie, Weifeng Hong, Yonghe Li, Yaolin Yin, Xiaojin Gao, Yi He, Yu Chen, Chuan You, Jingdong Li
Summary: Centromere protein L (CENPL) is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is associated with poor patient prognosis. Upregulation of CENPL promotes tumor proliferation and glycolysis in HCC cells by activating the MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yingzi Wang, Haozhong Huang, Huimin Weng, Chunsen Jia, Bin Liao, Yang Long, Fengxu Yu, Yongmei Nie
Summary: Talin protein plays a crucial role in transmitting mechanical forces by connecting the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton. It converts mechanical signals into biochemical signals and serves as diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic indicators in diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hema Saranya Ilamathi, Marc Germain
Summary: Mitochondria are the central metabolic hubs in cells, relying on proteins encoded by nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) for their function. The maintenance and distribution of mtDNA are crucial for proper mitochondrial function and are associated with mitochondrial diseases. mtDNA is organized into nucleoids that dynamically move and interact with each other. The replication and distribution of mtDNA nucleoids are regulated by the complex interplay of mitochondrial dynamics, ER-mitochondria contact sites, and cytoskeletal networks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
K. K. Sruthi, Sirisha Natani, Ramesh Ummanni
Summary: The overexpression of TPD52 is associated with the emergence of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). TPD52 activates the NF-kappa B - STAT3 axis to induce neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) of prostate cancer cells. Therapeutic targeting of TPD52 is important for the treatment of prostate cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cui Li, Feifan Xiang, Yuqi Gong, Yi Fu, Ge Chen, Zhi Wang, Zhong Li, Daiqing Wei
Summary: Our study demonstrates the significant role of tumor-derived microparticles (T-MPs) in osteosarcoma metastasis and immune response. T-MPs promote macrophage polarization and stimulate migration and chemoresistance of osteosarcoma cells, thereby affecting the progression of osteosarcoma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2024)