Article
Agronomy
Eric N. Butoto, Thiago P. Marino, James B. Holland
Summary: Breeding for resistance to Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination in maize is labor intensive, but utilizing natural inoculation, inbred lines, and grain test weight as selection criteria can improve efficiency. Natural inoculation should be practiced for accurate selection, early generation inbred lines show promise for resistance improvement, and grain test weight can serve as an indirect selection criterion for resistance improvement.
Article
Food Science & Technology
William Stafstrom, Julie Wushensky, John Fuchs, Wenwei Xu, Nnenna Ezera, Rebecca J. Nelson
Summary: Researchers developed a novel, low-cost grain sorting device called DropSort, which proved to be effective in reducing fumonisin content in maize through experiments with plastic kernel models and fumonisin-contaminated maize. The device was able to sort maize into different fractions based on bulk density and 100-kernel weight, with the heaviest fractions showing lower levels of fumonisin compared to unsorted samples. This low-cost device (around $300 in materials) could potentially improve food safety in resource-limited areas with fumonisin contamination issues.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Tijana Barosevic, Ferenc Bagi, Zagorka Savic, Natasa Ljubicic, Ivana Ivanovic
Summary: Aflatoxin, a harmful mycotoxin, can be effectively controlled by growing genetically resistant maize hybrids. This research evaluated the sensitivity of different maize hybrids to A. flavus infection and aflatoxin accumulation, and found significant differences in their susceptibility. Infection intensity did not always correspond to aflatoxin levels.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Wanjiku N. Gichohi-Wainaina, Nelson Kumwenda, Rodah Zulu, Justice Munthali, Patrick Okori
Summary: The study revealed a lack of knowledge among frontline workers in Malawi regarding aflatoxin contamination, particularly in terms of pre and post-harvest practices, while small holder farming households have better understanding of the income losses resulting from aflatoxin contamination. Majority of the respondents perceived the severity of aflatoxin contamination as low, with over 50% of households not considering it a controllable issue.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Rudolf Krska, John F. Leslie, Simon Haughey, Moira Dean, Yoneal Bless, Oonagh McNerney, Michelle Spence, Chris Elliott
Summary: This paper discusses the issue of aflatoxin contamination in peanuts and effective methods for prevention and mitigation. It covers a range of measures and technologies from preharvest to postharvest stages to ensure the safety of peanuts and smooth trade.
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Javier Martinez-Fraca, M. Eugenia De la Torre-Hernandez, Max Meshoulam-Alamilla, Javier Plasencia
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between ferulic acid (FA) levels, fungal infection, and fumonisin B1 (FB1) production in maize. The results demonstrate that FA plays a key role in resistance to Fusarium ear rot, and its antioxidant activity is associated with this resistance.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Economics & Policy
Vivian Hoffmann, Samuel K. Mutiga, Jagger W. Harvey, Rebecca J. Nelson, Michael G. Milgroom
Summary: Food safety tends to degrade after harvest, with losses not readily observable by market actors. This absence of incentives to address food safety losses specifically results in no correlation between price and aflatoxin contamination. Providing consumers with information about the correlation between visible grain attributes and contamination could improve the incentives for provision of food safety in the market.
Article
Entomology
Bismark Opoku, Enoch A. Osekre, George P. Opit, Augustine Bosomtwe, Georgina Bingham
Summary: This study assessed the potential of using platforms to control aflatoxins and fumonisin levels in heaped maize cobs in the field. The results showed that aflatoxin levels decreased significantly or remained unchanged in heaps on platforms over a 14-day period, while levels increased in heaps on the ground and tarpaulin. Except for heaping on the ground during the major season in the Middle Belt, all scenarios had aflatoxin and fumonisin levels below the recommended safe thresholds. The study demonstrated that heaping maize on platforms mitigates mycotoxin contamination, while heaping on the ground and tarpaulin exacerbates contamination.
JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Akos Mesterhazy, Denes Szieberth, Eva Toldine Toth, Zoltan Nagy, Balazs Szabo, Beata Herczig, Istvan Bors, Beata Toth
Summary: This study analyzed the contamination of mycotoxins in 18-23 commercial maize hybrids between 2014 and 2021. Despite lower infection rates, many hybrids exceeded the permissible levels of toxin contamination. There were significant differences in toxin contamination among different hybrids, and visual symptoms alone could not accurately assess the level of contamination. Therefore, preharvest control and proper growing and storage conditions are crucial for maize production and feed safety.
Article
Agronomy
John S. Bennett, Thomas Isakeit, Eli J. Borrego, Gary Odvody, Seth Murray, Michael V. Kolomiets
Summary: Pre-harvest infection of maize seed with Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus can lead to economic losses and detrimental health effects. Carcinogenic mycotoxins fumonisin and aflatoxin, produced by these pathogens, can cause cancer and stunted growth. Atoxigenic strains of A. flavus are used for biocontrol, but no biocontrol agent exists for F. verticillioides. Some F. verticillioides isolates that did not produce fumonisin were found in maize in Texas. Atoxigenic strains of F. verticillioides can inhibit aflatoxin contamination but do not affect fumonisin accumulation in mature plants.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yanhua Xu, Renyong Zhao, Chenxi Liu
Summary: In this study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was used to degrade Aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)) in moldy maize. The optimal conditions for AFB(1) degradation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa fermentation supernatant were established using response surface methodology, resulting in a degradation rate of 99.67%. The Ames mutagenicity test and CCK-8 cell assay showed that AFB(1) treated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa fermentation supernatant was not mutagenic and had reduced cytotoxicity, indicating that the fermentation supernatant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa may be a good candidate for AFB(1) biodegradation.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Monica A. Schmidt, Yizhou Mao, Joseph Opoku, Hillary L. Mehl
Summary: The study showed that expressing an aflatoxin-degrading enzyme in developing maize kernels is an effective way to control aflatoxin levels in maize. This strategy could play a significant role in enhancing both US and global food security and sustainability.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Alejandro Ortega-Beltran, Ranajit Bandyopadhyay
Summary: The conflict between Ukraine and Russia will have negative impacts on both food security and food safety. Due to the conflict, crops that would have been produced in and exported from Ukraine will need to be grown elsewhere, increasing the risk of mycotoxin contamination. This contamination can have detrimental effects on health, society, and the economy.
PLANTS PEOPLE PLANET
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yordin D. Ocampo-Acuna, Enrique Salazar-Rios, M. Angeles Ramirez-Cisneros, Maria Yolanda Rios
Summary: This article provides a compilation of liquid chromatography methods for the analysis of fumonisins. It categorizes the methods based on the matrix, analytes, instrument, and method conditions, and discusses their application in various matrices such as food, beverages, and biological samples. The review also includes information on legislation, extraction, cleanup methods, derivatization procedures, and limits of detection and quantification for fumonisins.
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Alejandro Ortega-Beltran, Daniel Agbetiameh, Joseph Atehnkeng, Titilayo D. O. Falade, Ranajit Bandyopadhyay
Summary: Results of the study show that treating maize with atoxigenic isolates of A. flavus used in biocontrol formulations did not lead to higher grain fumonisin levels. In fact, most treated maize samples in Nigeria and Ghana had low fumonisin levels considered safe by the European Union, along with lower Fusarium spp. densities compared to untreated maize.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kolawole I. Ayeni, Michael Sulyok, Rudolf Krska, Benedikt Warth, Chibundu N. Ezekiel
Summary: This study evaluated the presence of mycotoxins and other contaminants in complementary foods consumed by Nigerian infants and young children. The results showed that some foods exceeded the EU safety threshold for aflatoxin and fumonisin. Other mycotoxins were also detected. The study emphasizes the importance of storage and hygiene practices during food preparation and feeding.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Elzbieta Suchowilska, Wolfgang Kandler, Marian Wiwart, Rudolf Krska
Summary: Tritordeum grain has lower thousand kernel weight and ash content compared to durum wheat and barley, but it contains higher levels of potassium, magnesium, copper, zinc, and cobalt.
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Food Science & Technology
Alexandra Malachova, Marta Magdalena Sopel, Chibundu N. Ezekiel
Article
Food Science & Technology
Felipe Penagos-Tabares, Michael Sulyok, Juan-Ignacio Artavia, Samanta-Irais Flores-Quiroz, Cesar Garzon-Perez, Ezequias Castillo-Lopez, Luis Zavala, Juan-David Orozco, Johannes Faas, Rudolf Krska, Qendrim Zebeli
Summary: This study analyzed a wide range of mycotoxins, phytoestrogens, and other metabolites in dairy feeds from Mexican farms, and found widespread contamination. Fusarium-derived secondary metabolites were the most frequently detected fungal compounds. The most commonly detected mycotoxins in the feeds were zearalenone, fumonisin B1, and deoxynivalenol.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dawid Dygas, Wiktoria Liszkowska, Aleksandra Steglinska, Michael Sulyok, Dorota Kregiel, Joanna Berlowska
Summary: The potential of enriching rapeseed meal (RM) with single-cell protein through fermentation with conventional and unconventional yeasts was investigated. The process improved the protein content, reduced crude fiber content, and enhanced the biotransformation of isoflavone compounds in the waste biomass. The results demonstrate the potential of using RM as a substrate for making nutritionally improved feed components.
Article
Agronomy
Urszula Wachowska, Michael Sulyok, Marian Wiwart, Elzbieta Suchowilska, Weronika Giedrojc, Dariusz Gontarz, Wolfgang Kandler, Rudolf Krska
Summary: The efficacy of Debaryomyces hansenii (Dh) yeast in reducing the content of secondary fungal metabolites in durum wheat spikes grown in southern and northern Poland was evaluated. The results showed that the Dh yeast strain significantly decreased mycotoxin concentration in the grain and also reduced the content of other fungal metabolites in northern Poland.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Oluwadamilola M. M. Makinde, Michael Sulyok, Rasheed A. A. Adeleke, Rudolf Krska, Chibundu N. N. Ezekiel
Summary: A comprehensive study was conducted to analyze bacterial and biotoxin contaminants in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods in Nigeria. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and dilute-and-shoot LC-MS/MS method were used to profile bacteria and biotoxins, respectively. The study discovered new bacterial isolates and detected various metabolites in the RTE foods. It also found different types of contamination in artisanal and industrially-processed foods, highlighting the need for routine surveillance and food safety education.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mira Flasch, Gunda Koellensperger, Benedikt Warth
Summary: In this study, the limits of quantitation (LOQ) of over 100 xenobiotics and estrogenic hormones in pure solvent and human urine were determined using both triple quadrupole (QQQ) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) methods. It was found that HRMS enabled the screening for potential analytes and biotransformation products, but had higher LOQ values and detected fewer low-abundance analytes. The synergy between high- and low-resolution mass spectrometry may be the best option for comprehensive exposome-wide association studies.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ian Oesterle, Manuel Pristner, Sabrina Berger, Mingxun Wang, Vinicius Verri Hernandes, Annette Rompel, Benedikt Warth
Summary: Polyphenols, abundant in plants and fungi, have beneficial bioactive properties. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) is favored for analyzing their complexity. This study evaluated the advantages of HRMS, using untargeted techniques and online resources, for annotating polyphenols and other molecules. Despite the sensitivity loss compared to low-resolution mass spectrometry (LRMS), HRMS is capable of comprehensively investigating human polyphenol exposure, linking it to human health effects and toxicological mixture effects with other xenobiotics.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kolawole I. Ayeni, Thomas Jamnik, Yasmin Fareed, Mira Flasch, Dominik Braun, Maria Uhl, Christina Hartmann, Benedikt Warth
Summary: This study assessed the levels of environment and food-related exposures in urine of Austrian school children and found that they had frequent exposures to mycotoxins, phytoestrogens, and food processing by-products. Some children exceeded the tolerable daily intake for deoxynivalenol, and the exposure to ochratoxin A indicated potential health risks.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Muiz O. Akinyemi, Obinna T. Ezeokoli, M. N. Mthiyane, Rasheed A. Adeleke, Chibundu N. Ezekiel
Summary: This study compared the microbial composition of raw milk from dairy camels, cows, and goats in Northwestern Nigeria using high-throughput DNA metabarcoding. Although the dominant bacterial and yeast phyla were similar across the three species, there were noticeable differences in the microbial compositions at the genus level. The results provide insight into the diverse microbial communities in raw animal milk consumed in Nigeria, which could have both beneficial and harmful effects on consumers.
LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ewelina Bigoraj, Iwona Kozyra, Agnieszka Kaupke, Zbigniew Osinski, James Lowther, Artur Rzezutka
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of human enteric viruses in mussels sold on the Polish market and study the fecal contamination of shellfish. The study found that human enteric viruses were commonly present in shellfish, with norovirus being the most frequently detected. The study also observed a seasonal distribution pattern of viruses in shellfish samples.
Editorial Material
Food Science & Technology
Bojan Blagojevic, Lis Alban Denmark
Article
Food Science & Technology
Indy Magnus, Fatemeh Abbasi, Hugo Thienpont, Lien Smeesters
Summary: Food safety and quality are increasingly important in our society, driving the development of novel optical food sensing technologies. However, current optical sensing technologies are often limited in their sensitivity and product variability. In this study, we developed a novel pistachio nut screening methodology using fluorescence spectroscopy and advanced chemometrics to simultaneously detect shells, tree parts, and aflatoxins. By optimizing hardware and software parameters, we achieved a high classification accuracy for healthy pistachio kernels.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiaodong Wang, Jingqiang Yu, Haixia Wu, Leiying Wu, Wuyunga Borjihan, Cong Wang, Munkhjargal Burenjargal, Alideertu Dong
Summary: This study developed a novel photon-phonon coupling (PPC) cold sterilization technology and compared its effects with low-temperature pasteurization and microwave ultraviolet. The results showed that PPC effectively reduced bacterial count in raw milk with minimal impact on milk quality and nutritional composition.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Riyadh Abdulmalek Hassan, Sharina Abu Hanifah, Lee Yook Heng, Fawaz Al-badaii, Alizar Ulianas
Summary: This study used bibliometric visualisation map analysis to explore the publication outputs, trends, and hotspots for endocrine disruptors (EDMs) biosensor development in relation to mycotoxins. The analysis showed that the current literature primarily focuses on developing biosensors for detecting highly toxic and widely distributed mycotoxins in food, but there needs to be more focus on biosensors for detecting mycotoxins known as endocrine disruptors.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yajie Zheng, Jianpeng Dou, Changpo Sun, Hujun Liu, Shipei Zhang, Wenfu Wu
Summary: This study investigated the efficiency of modified SA/ll-glucan/Mt microsphere adsorbents in removing DON and ZEN from CSL. The microspheres showed high adsorption capacity, and simple and rapid regeneration was achieved without affecting the removal efficiency of mycotoxins from CSL.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Carlos Adelantado, Jose Angel Salatti-Dorado, Carlos Herrera, Lourdes Arce, Maria Jose Cardador
Summary: High-performance-ion mobility spectrometry (HPIMS) was used for the first time in the analysis of olive oil samples, following a simple liquid-liquid extraction procedure. The developed methodology is user-friendly, fast, and inexpensive, complying with the principles of green chemistry. The proposed approach, combined with multivariate analysis, showed potential in classifying olive oil samples based on their organoleptic quality, with high accuracy rates.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jia-Wen Wei, Jia-Rong He, Shi-Yi Chen, Yi-Han Guo, Xuan-Zhu Huo, Nuan Zheng, Shuo-Hui Cao, Yao-Qun Li
Summary: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a major cause of human cancer. This study developed a quantitative analysis method for PAH4 using the back propagation neural network (BPNN) algorithm and constant wavelength synchronous fluorescence (CWSF) spectra as the data sets. The method can predict the concentrations of PAH4 in edible oil samples without preprocessing or pre-separation. It has been proven to be a powerful tool for the rapid detection of PAH4.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Liyun Chen, Xiumei Li, Jingyi Chen, Ranxun Lin, Yuhan Mai, Yuxin Lin, Guodong Wang, Zheng Chen, Wei Zhang, Jiang Wang, Cai Yuan, Longguang Jiang, Peng Xu, Mingdong Huang
Summary: Food spoilage is primarily caused by microbial contamination. Curcumin has shown moderate antimicrobial activity as a food preservative. This study formulates curcumin with zinc acetate to enhance its efficacy, resulting in Cur-Zn with increased antimicrobial activity against multiple food-contaminating bacteria and fungi. With light illumination, the antimicrobial activity of Cur-Zn is further enhanced due to the photodynamic inactivation (PDI) effect.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Marta Pilar Ortiz-Moriano, Gonzalo Machado-Schiaffino, Eva Garcia-Vazquez, Alba Ardura
Summary: Mislabelling in the global fisheries sector raises concerns about the identity, safety, and sustainability of seafood products. This study examined mislabelling in shrimps and prawns sold in the Spanish market and assessed potential risks of heavy metal ingestion.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Doyeon Kim, Jinwoo Kim, Minsik Kim
Summary: This study demonstrates the enhanced bactericidal activity of engineered lysins fused with amphipathic antimicrobial peptides against Gram-negative bacterium Cronobacter sakazakii. The fusion lysins are capable of disrupting bacterial cells and significantly reducing the risk of infection within a certain range of temperature and pH. Additionally, the study also shows the bactericidal effect of these fusion lysins against other Gram-negative pathogens.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Seul-Ki Park, Kyung-Jin Cho, Du-Min Jo, Young-Mog Kim
Summary: This study presents a new approach for detecting pathogenic Vibrio spp. in contaminated seafood, which combines PCR with a simplified DNA extraction process and pre-culturing step. The method has been validated and shown to be efficient, time-saving, and highly sensitive, offering a potential alternative for improving safety measures in the food industry.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Suwimol Surareungchai, Chaleeda Borompichaichartkul, Chitsiri Rachtanapun, Nutthachai Pongprasert, Pongphen Jitareerat, Varit Srilaong
Summary: This study builds upon previous research and focuses on risk assessment and analysis in the organic salad industry. The results show that previous risk matrix models can be adapted for various raw materials, and preventive control plans can be applied across different aspects of the production process.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xuan Zhang, Changling Fang, Xiaoyi Lou, Feng Han, Siman Li, Yongfu Shi, Dongmei Huang
Summary: This study aimed to assess the levels of Biogenic amines (BAs) in four common food types in the Chinese market. It was found that cheese and seafood derived product showed higher levels of BAs, and the histamine level in mackerel and yellow rice wine exceeded the limits.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Martina Foschi, Alessandra Biancolillo, Federico Marini, Francesco Cosentino, Francesca Di Donato, Angelo Antonio D'Archivio
Summary: This study aimed to develop a potentially non-destructive and routine-compatible method for the geographical traceability of high-valued Italian chickpeas. By analyzing the spectral information of the outer and inner parts of the kernels, it was found that the spectral analysis of the outer part yielded accurate and reliable results, indicating the possibility of non-destructive authentication.
