Journal
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 221, Issue -, Pages 1382-1387Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.016
Keywords
Microwave extraction; Ultrasonic extraction; Bioactive compounds; Orthosiphon stamineus; Scale up
Funding
- Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) [FP076-2015A]
- University of Malaya Research Grant (UMRG) [RP002A-13AET]
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This work demonstrated the optimization and scale up of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of bioactive compounds from Orthosiphon stamineus using energy-based parameters such as absorbed power density and absorbed energy density (APD-AED) and response surface methodology (RSM). The intensive optimum conditions of MAE obtained at 80% EtOH, 50 mL/g, APD of 0.35 W/mL, AED of 250 J/mL can be used to determine the optimum conditions of the scale-dependent parameters i.e. microwave power and treatment time at various extraction scales (100-300 mL solvent loading). The yields of the up scaled conditions were consistent with less than 8% discrepancy and they were about 91-98% of the Soxhlet extraction yield. By adapting APD-AED method in the case of UAE, the intensive optimum conditions of the extraction, i.e. 70% EtOH, 30 mL/g, APD of 0.22 W/mL, AED of 450 J/mL are able to achieve similar scale up results. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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