Article
Cell Biology
Nal Ae Yoon, Sungho Jin, Jung Dae Kim, Zhong Wu Liu, Qiushi Sun, Rebecca Cardone, Richard Kibbey, Sabrina Diano
Summary: Lactate activates POMC neurons through redox signaling and blocking mitochondrial glucose utilization to regulate feeding and glucose metabolism.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bellina A. S. Mushala, Iain Scott
Summary: Adropin, a peptide hormone primarily secreted by the liver, plays a regulatory role in metabolic homeostasis across various tissues. It is increasingly recognized as a key component in cardiovascular pathologies, potentially influencing cardiac fuel metabolism and vascular function. Targeting adropin-related signaling pathways may hold therapeutic promise in managing cardiovascular diseases.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thiago Bruder-Nascimento, Taylor C. Kress, Matthew Pearson, Weiqin Chen, Simone Kennard, Eric J. Belin de Chantemele
Summary: The research revealed that leptin plays an important role in regulating cardiovascular function, with leptin treatment being able to mitigate vascular hypercontractility in lipodystrophic mice, but not restoring vascular media thickness. Endothelial leptin receptor deficiency affects the regulatory role of leptin on adrenergic contractility.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nathalie Arquier, Marianne Bjordal, Philippe Hammann, Lauriane Kuhn, Pierre Leopold
Summary: It has been found in a study that a group of neurons in the Drosophila larval brain controls insulin response in peripheral tissues through AdipoR signaling, affecting metabolism and growth. The study also identified the inhibitory effect of Grp78 on AdipoR function, as well as the mechanism by which AdipoR signaling inhibits JH response and promotes insulin signaling.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mihoko Yoshino, Jun Yoshino, Brandon D. Kayser, Gary J. Patti, Michael P. Franczyk, Kathryn F. Mills, Miriam Sindelar, Terri Pietka, Bruce W. Patterson, Shin-Ichiro Imai, Samuel Klein
Summary: The study demonstrates that NMN supplementation can enhance insulin sensitivity, insulin signaling, and remodeling in women with prediabetes who are overweight or obese, improving their metabolic function.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rok Herman, Jaka Sikonja, Mojca Jensterle, Andrej Janez, Vita Dolzan
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder in women of reproductive age, characterized by hyperandrogenemia, reproductive changes, polycystic ovary morphology, and insulin resistance (IR). The primary pathophysiological process in its etiology has not yet been identified, but it is believed to involve insulin metabolism disruption and hyperandrogenemia. This review focuses on the role of insulin secretion, clearance, and decreased sensitivity in target cells as potential primary insults in PCOS pathogenesis, as well as the molecular mechanism behind IR in PCOS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Kathryn M. Brewer, Katlyn K. Brewer, Nicholas C. Richardson, Nicolas F. Berbari
Summary: A subset of genetic disorders, known as ciliopathies, are associated with obesity. The mechanisms behind cilia dysfunction and altered energy homeostasis in these syndromes are complex and involve deficits in both development and adult homeostasis. Mutations in cilia-associated genes can also lead to morbid obesity. Cilia play critical roles in energy homeostasis, including food intake regulation, and their dysfunction is linked to obesity.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Maryam Hossein Rezaei, Elham Madadizadeh, Mohsen Aminaei, Mehdi Abbaspoor, Janis Schierbauer, Othmar Moser, Kayvan Khoramipour, Karim Chamari
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on LEP signaling in the hippocampus of rats with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that HIIT improved LEP signaling and reduced the accumulation of Tau and A beta, thus reducing the risk of memory impairments in rats with type 2 diabetes.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Zhaoxun Liu, Tao Xiao, Hailan Liu
Summary: Leptin plays a critical role in regulating appetite, energy expenditure, and body weight, and is important for maintaining a healthy balance. Despite efforts to understand its mechanisms and develop therapeutic interventions, the effectiveness of targeting leptin signaling has been limited. In addition to the hypothalamus, other brain regions are also being increasingly investigated for their involvement in mediating leptin's effects.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Linh V. Nguyen, Khoa D. A. Nguyen, Chi-Thanh Ma, Quoc-Thai Nguyen, Huong T. H. Nguyen, Dong-Joo Yang, Trung Le Tran, Ki Woo Kim, Khanh V. Doan
Summary: p-Coumaric acid potentially activates peripheral AMPK and improves glucose metabolism, while showing inhibitory effects on central AMPK activity. This differential effect enhances hypothalamic leptin sensitivity and improves whole-body glucose homeostasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ting Liu, Ming Zheng, Li Jia, Mingyuan Wang, Longhai Tang, Zhenke Wen, Miaojia Zhang, Fenghong Yuan
Summary: Elevated circulating leptin levels in SLE patients are inversely associated with disease activity. Leptin inhibits Tfh cell differentiation through AMPK activation. Leptin receptor deficiency in SLE patients impairs the inhibitory effect of leptin on Tfh cell differentiation, resulting in the coexistence of high leptin levels and increased Tfh cell frequencies in SLE patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shengjie Fan, Yuanzhong Xu, Yungang Lu, Zhiying Jiang, Hongli Li, Jessie C. Morrill, Jing Cai, Qi Wu, Yong Xu, Mingshan Xue, Benjamin R. Arenkiel, Cheng Huang, Qingchun Tong
Summary: The study reveals that in type 1 diabetes, heightened activity of arcuate GABA neurons is inhibited by leptin, which restores nutrient sensing and rescues hyperglycemia.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jihoon Shin, Shinichiro Toyoda, Yosuke Okuno, Reiko Hayashi, Shigeki Nishitani, Toshiharu Onodera, Haruyo Sakamoto, Shinya Ito, Sachiko Kobayashi, Hirofumi Nagao, Shunbun Kita, Michio Otsuki, Atsunori Fukuhara, Kazuhiro Nagata, Iichiro Shimomura
Summary: HSP47 is identified as a key determinant of body adiposity, with abundant expression in adipose tissue. It is influenced by factors such as diet, exercise, hormones, and genetics. HSP47 affects body fat levels through its role in collagen dynamics, FAK signaling, and protection of PPAR gamma protein.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Tian Tong, Xiulai Chen, Guipeng Hu, Xiao-Ling Wang, Gao-Qiang Liu, Liming Liu
Summary: This review suggests strategies to balance metabolic energy in microbial cell factories, such as enhancing ME-harvesting systems in autotrophic microorganisms, improving ME-supplying pathways in heterotrophic microorganisms, and reducing unnecessary ME consumption by microbial cells. The study highlights the potential of biotechnology in engineering microbial ME homeostasis and provides guidance for more efficient bioproduction of microbial cell factories.
BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Milan Obradovic, Emina Sudar-Milovanovic, Sanja Soskic, Magbubah Essack, Swati Arya, Alan J. Stewart, Takashi Gojobori, Esma R. Isenovic
Summary: Leptin, a peptide hormone, regulates food intake, body mass, and reproductive function, playing a crucial role in fetal growth, immune responses, angiogenesis, and lipolysis. Leptin resistance can lead to reduced satiety, overconsumption of nutrients, and increased body mass, potentially causing obesity. Combining leptin therapies with sensitizers may help overcome resistance and treat obesity effectively.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
