Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Anders Abildgaard, Tina Parkner, Cindy Soendersoe Knudsen, Hanne Gottrup, Henriette Klit
Summary: This study found that tau/Aβ 42 ratios have the best diagnostic performance, but the estimated cut-off values for the ratios were slightly higher than previously reported. Therefore, adjustment of the cut-offs may be warranted when using CSF analysis to support a diagnosis of AD in a heterogeneous high-prevalence cohort.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tyler S. Saunders, Natalie Jenkins, Kaj Blennow, Craig Ritchie, Graciela Muniz-Terrera
Summary: The relationship between APOE status and CSF p-tau may be mediated by the interaction between sex and cerebrospinal fluid Al3. These findings suggest that tau accumulation may be independent of Al3 in females, but not in males.
Review
Cell Biology
Peng Xu, Yeling Ma, Hongyu Wu, Yan-Ling Wang
Summary: Disorders in placental cells are closely associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, and microRNAs in the placenta play important roles in regulating placental cell behaviors. Placental exosome miRNAs can potentially target maternal cells for intercellular communication between the mother and fetus, serving as novel biomarkers for predicting diseases such as preeclampsia. The transfer of placental miRNAs through exosomes may offer targeted strategies for diagnosing, prognosing, or treating preeclampsia.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Timo Jan Oberstein, Manuel Alexander Schmidt, Anna Florvaag, Anna-Lena Haas, Eva-Maria Siegmann, Pauline Olm, Janine Utz, Philipp Spitzer, Arnd Doerfler, Piotr Lewczuk, Johannes Kornhuber, Juan Manuel Maler
Summary: In a long-term observational study, it was found that the combination of biomarkers pTau181, A beta 40 and A beta 42 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is not associated with dementia. Individuals with increased levels of CSF-pTau181 without amyloidopathy showed no significant cognitive decline compared to controls.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lawrence S. Honig, Min Suk Kang, Annie J. Lee, Dolly Reyes-Dumeyer, Angel Piriz, Belisa Soriano, Yahaira Franco, Zoraida Dominguez Coronado, Patricia Recio, Diones Rivera Mejia, Martin Medrano, Rafael A. Lantigua, Andrew F. Teich, Jeffrey L. Dage, Richard Mayeux
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate validated plasma biomarkers for detecting Alzheimer's disease (AD) among Caribbean Hispanic individuals. The results showed that plasma P-tau181 and P-tau181/A beta 42 measurements could correctly classify whether Caribbean Hispanic individuals had AD, suggesting that plasma biomarkers can improve the detection of preclinical AD among asymptomatic individuals and the specificity of AD diagnosis.
Article
Cell Biology
Xiaotong Yang, Paula A. Benny, Elorri Cervera-Marzal, Biyu Wu, Cameron B. Lassiter, Joshua Astern, Lana X. Garmire
Summary: Variations in telomere length have been linked to aging, stress, and diseases. This study investigated the association between placental telomere length and preeclampsia. The results suggest that placental telomere length is not significantly different between severe preeclampsia cases and healthy controls, but it is negatively correlated with gestational age and influenced by race.
Review
Immunology
Xiaoqi Wei, Xiuhua Yang
Summary: Preeclampsia (PE) is a unique pregnancy-related disease that can cause maternal and perinatal mortality. Research suggests that natural killer (NK) cells play a central role in immune communication between the fetus and mother, and changes in their count or function may be the cause of PE. This review provides obstetricians with an updated report on the immunological roles of NK cells in PE and suggests that therapeutic measures targeting NK cells are necessary to maintain immune equilibrium.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Arezoo Mirzaie, Hassan Nasrollahpour, Balal Khalilzadeh, Ali Akbar Jamali, Raymond J. Spiteri, Hadi Youse, Ibrahim Isildak, Reza Rahbarghazi
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive deterioration, loss of neurons, and cognitive decline. Amyloid beta and Tau proteins are key biomarkers of the disease, and their abnormal levels in biofluids, particularly cerebrospinal fluid, are directly linked to the incidence and progression of Alzheimer's. Developing sensitive and reliable methods for screening and evaluating these biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid can aid in early diagnosis and treatment. This article discusses the impact of Alzheimer's on cerebrospinal fluid and provides an overview of the latest biosensors for detecting amyloid beta and Tau in cerebrospinal fluid samples.
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Xiaoqi Wei, Xiuhua Yang
Summary: This study found that the expression of KIR2DS5 was significantly lower in preeclampsia patients. Overexpression of KIR2DS5 facilitated the proliferation, migration, and invasion of trophoblasts. Mechanistic study demonstrated a positive relationship between KIR2DS5 and GM-CSF. A decrease in KIR2DS5 could reduce the expression of GM-CSF via the JAK2/STAT5 pathway, resulting in the occurrence of preeclampsia.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oceane Pecheux, Ana Correia-Branco, Marie Cohen, Begona Martinez de Tejada
Summary: The apelinergic system is a highly conserved pleiotropic system that plays important roles in pregnancy and placenta-related complications. It is involved in the regulation of the adipoinsular axis, cardiovascular and central nervous systems, carcinogenesis, and embryo cardiogenesis and vasculogenesis during pregnancy. However, there are inconsistencies in the expression and circulating levels of its components in human placenta-associated preeclampsia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pei-Yang Gao, Ya-Nan Ou, Yi-Ming Huang, Zhi-Bo Wang, Yan Fu, Ya-Hui Ma, Qiong-Yao Li, Li-Yun Ma, Rui-Ping Cui, Yin-Chu Mi, Lan Tan, Jin-Tai Yu
Summary: Liver function may play a role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. The study found that as AD progressed, certain liver function markers increased while others decreased. The relationship between liver function and CSF AD biomarkers indicates a potential mediation effect on cognition.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Brooke Armistead, Leena Kadam, Emily Siegwald, Fergus P. McCarthy, John C. Kingdom, Hamid-Reza Kohan-Ghadr, Sascha Drewlo
Summary: Preeclampsia is a severe hypertensive disorder of pregnancy caused by placental villi pathology leading to widespread maternal endothelial dysfunction. Modulating trophoblast differentiation pathway through PPAR gamma-GCM1 axis may reduce excessive sFLT1 production and improve clinical outcomes. Pharmacological manipulation of PPAR gamma activity shows potential to rescue the antiangiogenic state of preeclampsia.
Article
Cell Biology
Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro, Idalia Garza-Veloz
Summary: The study evaluated serum microRNA expression profiling and identified multiple microRNAs involved in preeclampsia development, affecting various signaling pathways. Specific microRNAs were differentially expressed in the serum of pregnant women before the development of preeclampsia.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Malin Andersson, Jonatan Oras, Sven Egron Thorn, Ove Karlsson, Peter Kalebo, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Lina Bergman
Summary: This case-control study found that women with preeclampsia have increased levels of NfL in both their CSF and plasma, with a strong correlation between the two. Additionally, levels of NSE and tau were reduced in the CSF of women with preeclampsia, but no significant differences were observed in plasma levels. Serum levels of S100B were elevated in preeclampsia, while CSF levels remained consistent with those of normal pregnancy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Reinaldo Marin, Flor H. Pujol, Deliana Rojas, Luis Sobrevia
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women leads to alterations in maternal and placental function, increasing the risk of preterm birth and caesarean delivery. Placentas of infected mothers show signs of vasculopathy and inflammation. The impact of maternal infection on the fetus and postnatal health is still unclear.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2022)