Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sandhya Verma, Prakash Sarkar, Prita Pant
Summary: Nanoindentation is widely used for characterizing the mechanical properties of materials, but conventional methods for measuring thermal drift in displacement control experiments are inaccurate. Thermal drift affects load data rather than displacement data and may not be constant, even in experiments lasting 100 seconds. A novel scheme involving prior drift monitoring is proposed to address these issues.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Megan E. Fleming, Daniel E. Hooks, Michael McBride, Nan Li, Jennifer A. Swift
Summary: Nanoindentation with a conospherical tip on the (100) face of cytosine monohydrate (CM) showed a highly anisotropic response due to the pro-chiral structure of the surface. Low rugosity slip planes induced movement of pi-stacks instead of their displacement along the hydrogen bonded ribbon direction. The anisotropic deformation supports a ribbon-rotation model and highlights the relationship between mechanical properties and solid state dehydration mechanism of hydrates.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Cecilia E. Ramirez, Abel Hurtado-Macias, Roberto Talamantes, Edgardo Flores, Hector Perez Ladron de Guevar, J. Ivan Delgado, Ruben Anguiano Estrella, Juan Manuel Riestra, Jesus Maximo Montes, Karen Esmonde-White, Martha Vardaki, J. Gonzalez-Hernandez, Juan M. Viveros
Summary: This study characterizes the anatomy, structural, surface morphological, chemical composition, and nanomechanical properties of ostrich and equine trabecular bone for potential use in guided bone regeneration surgeries. Ostrich bone shows promising properties for native tissue scaffolds, with similarities to human trabecular bone that could reduce stress shielding. These findings contribute to innovative advancements in biomedical research and applications.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Veronique Livet, Romain Rieger, Eric Viguier, Thibaut Cachon, Caroline Boulocher
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the micromechanical properties of the medial meniscus and evaluate the effects of regional and circumference locations. The results showed significant regional and radial variations in the stiffness and viscoelastic properties of the meniscus. Additionally, the meniscus exhibited a viscous behavior.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
John G. Damrath, Sharon M. Moe, Joseph M. Wallace
Summary: Chronic kidney disease affects bone quality, and treatment with calcimimetics improves tissue-level bone material properties to prevent bone deterioration.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hiroshi Masuda, Koji Morita, Tomoharu Tokunaga, Takahisa Yamamoto, Hidehiro Yoshida
Summary: Understanding the defect physics is crucial for comprehending the impact of electric fields and/or currents on enhanced ionic diffusion during flash sintering of ceramics. This study examined conventionally sintered yttria-stabilized zirconia and investigated the mechanical properties of flashed and non-flashed samples. The results showed rate-dependent and time-dependent mechanical behaviors, attributed to the presence of stress-induced and thermally activated recoverable motions of point defects induced by the flash process.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Shahid Anwar, Sheeba Sonali, Sharmistha Anwar
Summary: In this study, AlSi nanocomposite coating was deposited on float glass substrate by RF magnetron sputtering in Ar/N2 reactive atmosphere. The effect of deposition time on microstructure, mechanical and optical properties was investigated. The XRD analysis revealed the formation of h-AlN phase in the film deposited for 2 h, indicating a transition from amorphous to polycrystalline structure. The coating thickness increased with deposition time, as confirmed by stylus profiler. The coating exhibited high optical transparency (>90%) and low surface roughness (Ra < 2 nm). The maximum hardness of the coating was 31 GPa with an elastic recovery of 92%.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Hanna Tsybenko, Farnaz Farzam, Gerhard Dehm, Steffen Brinckmann
Summary: Nanoindentation and scratch experiments are used to probe the hardness of materials by leaving a permanent imprint on the surface. However, the scratch hardness is less commonly used due to unclear relation to nanoindentation hardness and discrepancies in evaluation methods. This study investigates scratch hardness evaluation methods that lead to consistent results and under which conditions the contact area can be estimated. Additionally, the relation between nanoindentation and scratch hardness is addressed in materials with different deformation behavior.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kaushik Dey, Surojit Bhunia, Himadri Sekhar Sasmal, C. Malla Reddy, Rahul Banerjee
Summary: This study investigates the mechanical behavior of different types of COF thin films by controlling the internal order and self-assembly of building blocks, revealing that defect density and the nature of supramolecular interactions play a significant role in determining the stress-strain behavior of the films.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Zhichao Ma, Zhenfeng Qiang, Kaiyang Zeng, Jianlin Xiao, Liming Zhou, Lihui Zu, Hongwei Zhao, Luquan Ren
Summary: The study utilized depth-sensing nanoindentation to obtain hardness distribution map of cortical bones, and successfully predicted the fracture path under compressive stress by analyzing the correlation between hardness distribution map and compressive fracture path. The feasibility of the prediction method was verified through experiments, and the relation between the fracture propagation path and distribution of Haversian canals was also analyzed.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Luca Andena, Giulia Chiarot
Summary: This study characterized four different polymers in terms of their bulk and surface mechanical properties. The time-dependence of the materials was addressed by conducting tests at different speeds and frequencies. Scratch hardness was determined using a specific model, which was found to be a reliable and intrinsic evaluation of scratch resistance. The compressive yield stress was identified as the key controlling factor in determining scratch hardness and can be used as a measure of mechanical scratch resistance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Caterina Czibula, August Brandberg, Megan J. Cordill, Aleksandar Matkovic, Oleksandr Glushko, Chiara Czibula, Artem Kulachenko, Christian Teichert, Ulrich Hirn
Summary: Cellulose fibers are difficult to characterize accurately due to their irregular shape and anisotropic material response. Traditional single fiber tensile testing has limitations, but nanoindentation can provide elastic material constants for individual fibers and enable in-situ measurement in paper sheets, capturing the entire industrial process history. Longitudinal modulus is comparable to traditional methods for larger indents, but with increased scatter as the indentation size decreases.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Chao Peng, Fanlin Zeng, Bin Yuan, Youshan Wang
Summary: In this work, the size effects in spherical contact were investigated using a modified couple stress elasticity theory. A model to describe the stiffening effects of couple stress on contact load and the modulus model for size effects in spherical contact tests were proposed. The validity of the modulus model was demonstrated by comparing model results with experimental data.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Javier Varillas, Jan Ocenasek, Jordi Torner, Jorge Alcala
Summary: Nanoindentation experiments in various metals show the onset of plastic instabilities, formation of permanent nanoimprints and defect networks. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal the processes governing contact resistance, abrupt plastic instabilities, and the evolution towards a steady-state with plateauing hardness. The ratio of hardness to Young's modulus varies between different metals, with BCC Ta and Fe showing higher values. Factors such as stacking faults, nanotwin interlocking, and defect remobilization events contribute to the formation of permanent nanoimprints. Additionally, the correlation between nanoimprint formation and material response to indentation influences the hardness to yield strength ratio, exceeding the continuum plasticity bound.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Jamal Ahmad Khan, Yogita Maithani, Ray Hua Horng, J. P. Singh
Summary: The role of sintering on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ZnGa2O4 pellets was investigated in this study. It was found that the hardness and elastic modulus of the sintered pellets decrease with increased sintering duration. In addition, ZnGa2O4 ceramics show the reverse indentation size effect and have a high storage modulus and low damping factor.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amy Creecy, Kyle L. Brown, Kristie L. Rose, Paul Voziyan, Jeffry S. Nyman
Summary: The research found that levels of deamidation of specific asparagine and glutamine residues in collagen I significantly increased with age, suggesting a new mechanism for the age-related reduction in fracture resistance of cortical bone.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Robert C. Singleton, George M. Pharr, Jeffry S. Nyman
Summary: The incidence of bone fractures increases with age due to declining bone quantity and quality. In males, the age-related decline in fracture toughness of cortical bone is characterized by increased stiffness and hardness with age, while viscoelasticity remains constant. The changes in tissue-level characteristics, such as mineralization, contribute to decreased fracture toughness in male cortical bone.
Article
Biophysics
Gregory B. Lowen, Katherine A. Garrett, Stephanie N. Moore-Lotridge, Sasidhar Uppuganti, Scott A. Guelcher, Jonathan G. Schoenecker, Jeffry S. Nyman
Summary: Delayed long bone fracture healing and nonunion are significant socioeconomic burdens. Mechanical stimulation plays a crucial role in bone repair process. Understanding the impact of interfragmentary strain (IFS) in terms of its magnitude, mode, and commencement on fracture healing can guide the development of new therapeutic strategies. This proof-of-concept finite element analysis study focuses on identifying the design parameters of intramedullary nails (IMNs) that have the largest impact on IFS in a murine transverse femoral osteotomy model. Results show that the nail material, distance between interlocking screws, and clearance between the nail and endosteal surface are important factors affecting IFS. Therefore, low modulus IMNs, such as PEEK, can be used alongside commercially available SS nails to investigate the effect of initial IFS or stability on fracture healing in different biological repair conditions.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
M. Saito, S. N. Moore-Lotridge, S. Uppuganti, S. Egawa, T. Yoshii, J. P. Robinette, S. L. Posey, B. H. Y. Gibson, H. A. Cole, G. D. Hawley, S. A. Guelcher, S. B. Tanner, J. R. McCarthy, J. S. Nyman, J. G. Schoenecker
Summary: This study found that bisphosphonates can prevent severe injury-induced bone loss and soft tissue calcification if administered early after injury, without interfering with bone repair or remodeling.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
J. Ethan Joll Ii, Matthew R. Bersi, Jeffry S. Nyman, W. David Merryman
Summary: Postmenopausal women with severe osteoporosis tend to have worse cardiovascular outcomes. This study evaluated the left ventricle and aortic valve phenotype of ovariectomized mice on a Western diet. The results showed that ovariectomized mice had increased left ventricle mass compared to control mice, but no fibrosis. This model provides a novel method for studying left ventricle hypertrophy in female populations.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Donald H. Lee, Kaitlyn Reasoner, Sasidhar Uppuganti, Mihir J. Desai, Jeffry S. Nyman
Summary: This study investigated the safety and utility of impact microindentation technique in measuring bone quality during surgical procedures. The results showed that there were no significant differences in bone material strength index (BMSi) between patients with different fracture histories, indicating that BMSi may not be sensitive to osteoporosis. The study demonstrated the feasibility of intraoperative impact microindentation but called for further research to determine its ability to identify patients with inferior bone matrix quality.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sasidhar Uppuganti, Thammathida Ketsiri, Yumeng Zhang, Mark D. Does, Jeffry S. Nyman
Summary: This study found that HR-pQCT parameters are capable of predicting the bending strength of cortical bone, with cortical area and estimated failure load showing the strongest correlation with ultimate moment. However, there was no significant correlation between HR-pQCT parameters and post-yield displacement, an indicator of bone brittleness.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Thammathida Ketsiri, Sasidhar Uppuganti, Kevin D. Harkins, Daniel F. Gochberg, Jeffry S. Nyman, Mark D. Does
Summary: Ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI techniques can be used to assess the concentration of water in bones, which have the potential to serve as biomarkers for bone fracture risk. This study demonstrates that MRI-derived measures of collagen-bound water concentration (C-bw) and pore water concentration (C-pw) improve the prediction of bone mechanical properties and have the potential to assess patient-specific bone fragility risk.
COMPUTER METHODS IN BIOMECHANICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rafay Ahmed, Sasidhar Uppuganti, Shrey Derasari, Joshua Meyer, Jacquelyn S. Pennings, Florent Elefteriou, Jeffry S. Nyman
Summary: This study assessed the ability of matrix-sensitive techniques to differentiate between NF1 mice and wild-type mice. The results showed that low bound water and cortical volumetric bone mineral density were the most accurate characteristics for distinguishing between the two genotypes in femurs, while cyclic reference point indentation tests' average unloading slope was the most sensitive in differentiating tibias. These findings provide guidance for the clinical trials of NF1.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
J. Ethan Joll, Lance A. Riley, Matthew R. Bersi, Jeffry S. Nyman, W. David Merryman
Summary: This study demonstrates that genetic ablation of the Sost gene can prevent aortic valve stenosis in aged mice on a Western diet. This reveals a novel role for sclerostin in the cardiovascular system. It is one of the first studies to directly manipulate sclerostin in a cardiovascular disease model, specifically studying the aortic valve. Additionally, this study highlights the potential involvement of Hox genes in cardiovascular disease, with the upregulation of pan-Hox genes in the aortic roots of sclerostin knockouts.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thomas L. Willett, Paul Voziyan, Jeffry S. Nyman
Summary: The accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in bone may increase fracture risk, but there is a lack of clinical trials demonstrating the effectiveness of inhibiting AGE accumulation in preventing fractures. Further research is needed to understand the different types of AGEs in the bone extracellular matrix and their specific contributions to hindering fracture resistance, in order to develop strategies for preventing fragility fractures.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Mustafa Unal, Sasidhar Uppuganti, Daniel Y. Dapaah, Rafay Ahmed, Jacquelyn S. Pennings, Thomas L. Willett, Paul Voziyan, Jeffry S. Nyman
Summary: Raman spectroscopy (RS) can detect the accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and measure matrix-sensitive properties related to the fracture toughness of human cortical bone. However, it is unclear if the sugar-mediated accumulation of AGEs affects the fracture toughness of human cortical bone as indicated by the negative correlations between amide I sub-peak ratios.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Spectroscopy
Rekha Gautam, Rafay Ahmed, Ezekiel Haugen, Mustafa Unal, Sean Fitzgerald, Sasidhar Uppuganti, Anita Mahadevan-Jansen, Jeffry S. Nyman
Summary: This study investigated the feasibility of using spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) to acquire Raman bands related to bone fracture resistance. The results showed that autoclaving of femur mid-shafts reduced the yield stress of cortical beams. Autoclaving also affected the Raman characteristics of the organic matrix, but changes in Raman properties related to bone strength could still be detected with SORS.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Rafay Ahmed, Mustafa Unal, Rekha Gautam, Sasidhar Uppuganti, Shrey Derasari, Anita Mahadevan-Jansen, Jeffry S. Nyman
Summary: The fracture resistance of bone is determined by the hierarchical arrangement of minerals, collagen fibrils, non-collagenous proteins, and water. Raman spectroscopy can detect changes in the protein structure and composition, making it a valuable tool for studying bone properties.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Mustafa Unal, Rafay Ahmed, Anita Mahadevan-Jansen, Jeffry S. Nyman
Summary: Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive method used to analyze the physiochemical properties of bone. Over two decades of research have developed multiple methods for acquiring Raman signals from bone and determining peak ratios, although selecting which methods to use is not always clear. This article provides guidance on how RS instruments influence Raman spectra quality and the challenges in preparing acquired spectra for determining bone matrix properties.
