NF-κB Pathways in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis and the Therapeutic Implications

IL-12-polarized Th1 cells produce GM-CSF and induce EAE independent of IL-23

(2015) Heather M. Grifka-Walk et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

IκBNSRegulates Murine Th17 Differentiation during Gut Inflammation and Infection

(2015) Michaela Annemann et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

DMF, but not other fumarates, inhibits NF-κB activity in vitro in an Nrf2-independent manner

(2015) Geoffrey O. Gillard et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

STAT4 controls GM-CSF production by both Th1 and Th17 cells during EAE

(2015) Ian L. McWilliams et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Measurement of CD8+ and CD4+ T Cell Frequencies Specific for EBV LMP1 and LMP2a Using mRNA-Transfected DCs

(2015) Dae-Hee Sohn et al.   PLoS One

Genetic variants associated with autoimmunity drive NFκB signaling and responses to inflammatory stimuli

(2015) William J. Housley et al.   Science Translational Medicine

TRAF1 Coordinates Polyubiquitin Signaling to Enhance Epstein-Barr Virus LMP1-Mediated Growth and Survival Pathway Activation

(2015) Hannah Greenfeld et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Update on multiple sclerosis treatments

(2015) C Bridel et al.   SWISS MEDICAL WEEKLY

Fingolimod may support neuroprotection via blockade of astrocyte nitric oxide

(2014) Emanuela Colombo et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Tolerogenic dendritic cells and their applications in transplantation

(2014) Haibin Li et al.   Cellular & Molecular Immunology

Therapeutic uses of anti- 4-integrin (anti-VLA-4) antibodies in multiple sclerosis

(2014) N. Schwab et al.   INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY

TPL2 mediates autoimmune inflammation through activation of the TAK1 axis of IL-17 signaling

(2014) Yichuan Xiao et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

T Cell-Intrinsic Function of the Noncanonical NF- B Pathway in the Regulation of GM-CSF Expression and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Pathogenesis

(2014) J. Yu et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

A randomized placebo-controlled phase III trial of oral laquinimod for multiple sclerosis

(2014) T. L. Vollmer et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY

Oral teriflunomide for patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (TOWER): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial

(2014) Christian Confavreux et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

The Nuclear IκB Family Protein IκBNS Influences the Susceptibility to Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in a Murine Model

(2014) Shuhei Kobayashi et al.   PLoS One

p100/IκBδ sequesters and inhibits NF-κB through kappaBsome formation

(2014) Zhihua Tao et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Design of oral agents for the management of multiple sclerosis: benefit and risk assessment for dimethyl fumarate

(2014) Michael Racke et al.   Drug Design Development and Therapy

Defining a role for laquinimod in multiple sclerosis

(2014) Bernd C. Kieseier   Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders

Laquinimod reduces neuroaxonal injury through inhibiting microglial activation

(2014) Manoj Kumar Mishra et al.   Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology

Multiple Sclerosis: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities

(2013) Djordje Miljković et al.   ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING

Modulation of dendritic cell properties by laquinimod as a mechanism for modulating multiple sclerosis

(2013) Valérie Jolivel et al.   BRAIN

Dimethyl Fumarate for Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanism of Action, Effectiveness, and Side Effects

(2013) Ralf A. Linker et al.   Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports

I B  Is a Transcriptional Key Regulator of CCL2/MCP-1

(2013) D. G. Hildebrand et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Heme oxygenase-1 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells correlates with disease activity in multiple sclerosis

(2013) Paolo Fagone et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

Regulation of nuclear factor-κB in autoimmunity

(2013) Shao-Cong Sun et al.   TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in multiple sclerosis pathology

(2013) Conor Mc Guire et al.   TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE

NF-κB and IRF7 Pathway Activation by Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1

(2013) Ina Ersing et al.   Viruses-Basel

Efficacy and safety of laquinimod in multiple sclerosis: current status

(2013) Shalom Haggiag et al.   Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders

Reduced astrocytic NF-κB activation by laquinimod protects from cuprizone-induced demyelination

(2012) Wolfgang Brück et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

IκBNS Protein Mediates Regulatory T Cell Development via Induction of the Foxp3 Transcription Factor

(2012) Marc Schuster et al.   IMMUNITY

Dimethyl Fumarate Inhibits Dendritic Cell Maturation via Nuclear Factor κB (NF-κB) and Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and Mitogen Stress-activated Kinase 1 (MSK1) Signaling

(2012) Haiyan Peng et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

The NF-κB regulator MALT1 determines the encephalitogenic potential of Th17 cells

(2012) Anne Brüstle et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Chronic Activation of the Kinase IKK  Impairs T Cell Function and Survival

(2012) S. Krishna et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Upregulation of IL-17, but not of IL-9, in circulating cells of CIS and relapsing MS patients. Impact of corticosteroid therapy on the cytokine network

(2012) Nathalie Muls et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

GM-CSF increases LPS-induced production of proinflammatory mediators via upregulation of TLR4 and CD14 in murine microglia

(2012) Bijay Parajuli et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

TRAF6-Dependent Act1 Phosphorylation by the I B Kinase-Related Kinases Suppresses Interleukin-17-Induced NF- B Activation

(2012) F. Qu et al.   MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY

Placebo-Controlled Trial of Oral Laquinimod for Multiple Sclerosis

(2012) Giancarlo Comi et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Study of Oral BG-12 or Glatiramer in Multiple Sclerosis

(2012) Robert J. Fox et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Study of Oral BG-12 for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

(2012) Ralf Gold et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

TGF-β and NF-κB signal pathway cross-talk is mediated through TAK1 and SMAD7 in a subset of head and neck cancers

(2012) C Freudlsperger et al.   ONCOGENE

Laquinimod, a Quinoline-3-Carboxamide, Induces Type II Myeloid Cells That Modulate Central Nervous System Autoimmunity

(2012) Ulf Schulze-Topphoff et al.   PLoS One

The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Dimethyl Fumarate in Astrocytes Involve Glutathione and Haem Oxygenase-1

(2011) Shao Xia Lin et al.   ASN Neuro

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: Association with mutual regulation of RelA (p65)/NF-κB and phospho-IκB in the CNS

(2011) Insun Hwang et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Epstein-Barr virus in the multiple sclerosis brain: a controversial issue--report on a focused workshop held in the Centre for Brain Research of the Medical University of Vienna, Austria

(2011) H. Lassmann et al.   BRAIN

Therapeutic potential of carbon monoxide in multiple sclerosis

(2011) P. Fagone et al.   CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY

Fumaric acid and its esters: An emerging treatment for multiple sclerosis with antioxidative mechanism of action

(2011) R. Gold et al.   CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY

TH17 cytokines in autoimmune neuro-inflammation

(2011) Burkhard Becher et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY

Contrasting effects of TNF and anti-TNF on the activation of effector T cells and regulatory T cells in autoimmunity

(2011) Xin Chen et al.   FEBS LETTERS

RelA and RelB Transcription Factors in Distinct Thymocyte Populations Control Lymphotoxin-Dependent Interleukin-17 Production in γδ T Cells

(2011) Iwona Powolny-Budnicka et al.   IMMUNITY

IL-17-induced NF-κB Activation via CIKS/Act1

(2011) Søren Ulrik Sønder et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Transcriptional regulation of the Th17 immune response by IKKα

(2011) Li Li et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

NIK signaling in dendritic cells but not in T cells is required for the development of effector T cells and cell-mediated immune responses

(2011) Janin Hofmann et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Fumarates improve psoriasis and multiple sclerosis by inducing type II dendritic cells

(2011) Kamran Ghoreschi et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

The Th17 immune response is controlled by the Rel–RORγ–RORγT transcriptional axis

(2011) Qingguo Ruan et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

The NF- B Transcription Factor c-Rel Is Required for Th17 Effector Cell Development in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

(2011) G. Chen et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Insight into the mechanism of laquinimod action

(2011) W. Brück et al.   JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES

Canonical NF- B Activation Is Essential for Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1 TES2/CTAR2 Gene Regulation

(2011) B. E. Gewurz et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

RORγt drives production of the cytokine GM-CSF in helper T cells, which is essential for the effector phase of autoimmune neuroinflammation

(2011) Laura Codarri et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

T cell exhaustion

(2011) E John Wherry   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

The encephalitogenicity of TH17 cells is dependent on IL-1- and IL-23-induced production of the cytokine GM-CSF

(2011) Mohamed El-Behi et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Randomized Trial of Oral Teriflunomide for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

(2011) Paul O'Connor et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Crucial role for TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) in regulating NF B2 signaling that contributes to autoimmunity

(2011) W.-J. Lin et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Inhibiting NF-κB activation by small molecules as a therapeutic strategy

(2010) Subash C. Gupta et al.   Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Gene Regulatory Mechanisms

Th1 versus Th17: Are T cell cytokines relevant in multiple sclerosis?

(2010) Amy E. Lovett-Racke et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE

Regulation and function of TPL-2, an IκB kinase-regulated MAP kinase kinase kinase

(2010) Thorsten Gantke et al.   CELL RESEARCH

Non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathway

(2010) Shao-Cong Sun   CELL RESEARCH

Structural studies of NF-κB signaling

(2010) Chao Zheng et al.   CELL RESEARCH

γδ T Cells Enhance Autoimmunity by Restraining Regulatory T Cell Responses via an Interleukin-23-Dependent Mechanism

(2010) Franziska Petermann et al.   IMMUNITY

Astrocyte-Restricted Ablation of Interleukin-17-Induced Act1-Mediated Signaling Ameliorates Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

(2010) Zizhen Kang et al.   IMMUNITY

Modulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through TRAF3-mediated suppression of interleukin 17 receptor signaling

(2010) Shu Zhu et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Laquinimod interferes with migratory capacity of T cells and reduces IL-17 levels, inflammatory demyelination and acute axonal damage in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

(2010) Christiane Wegner et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

Laquinimod suppress antigen presentation in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis: In-vitro high-throughput gene expression study

(2010) M. Gurevich et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

Interleukin 18 in the CNS

(2010) Silvia Alboni et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

IκBζ regulates TH17 development by cooperating with ROR nuclear receptors

(2010) Kazuo Okamoto et al.   NATURE

Fumaric acid diesters deprive cultured primary astrocytes rapidly of glutathione

(2010) Maike M. Schmidt et al.   NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL

A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Oral Fingolimod in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

(2010) Ludwig Kappos et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Specific and Strain-Independent Effects of Dexamethasone in the Prevention and Treatment of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Rodents

(2010) M. Donia et al.   SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Sphingolipids: The Oil on the TRAFire That Promotes Inflammation

(2010) G. Napolitano et al.   Science Signaling

Review of teriflunomide and its potential in the treatment of multiple sclerosis

(2010) Bernd Kieseier   Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment

T-helper 17 cells expand in multiple sclerosis and are inhibited by interferon-β

(2009) Luca Durelli et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Regulation of Th17 cell differentiation and EAE induction by MAP3K NIK

(2009) W. Jin et al.   BLOOD

Interferon-β treatment in multiple sclerosis attenuates inflammatory gene expression through inducible activity of the phosphatase SHP-1

(2009) George P. Christophi et al.   CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY

NF-κB, a Potential Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

(2009) J. Yan et al.   CNS & Neurological Disorders-Drug Targets

Interleukin-1 and IL-23 Induce Innate IL-17 Production from γδ T Cells, Amplifying Th17 Responses and Autoimmunity

(2009) Caroline E. Sutton et al.   IMMUNITY

NF-κB regulation: the nuclear response

(2009) Arun K. Mankan et al.   JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE

Therapeutic effect of PEGylated TNFR1-selective antagonistic mutant TNF in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice

(2009) Tetsuya Nomura et al.   JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE

IL-4 Suppresses Very Late Antigen-4 Expression Which is Required for Therapeutic Th1 T-cell Trafficking Into Tumors

(2009) Kotaro Sasaki et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTHERAPY

The analysis of IL-1 beta and its naturally occurring inhibitors in multiple sclerosis: The elevation of IL-1 receptor antagonist and IL-1 receptor type II after steroid therapy

(2009) Irena Dujmovic et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY

Ser276 Phosphorylation of NF-kB p65 by MSK1 Controls SCF Expression in Inflammation

(2009) Laurent Reber et al.   PLoS One

How does Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) complement the activation of Myc in the pathogenesis of Burkitt's lymphoma?

(2009) Martin J. Allday   SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY

Signaling to NF- B: Regulation by Ubiquitination

(2009) I. E. Wertz et al.   Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

IL‐21 and IL‐21R are not required for development of Th17 cells and autoimmunityin vivo

(2008) Ivo Sonderegger et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Dual inhibition of proteasomal and lysosomal proteolysis ameliorates autoimmune central nervous system inflammation

(2008) Nicolas Fissolo et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

T Helper 17 Lineage Differentiation Is Programmed by Orphan Nuclear Receptors RORα and RORγ

(2008) Xuexian O. Yang et al.   IMMUNITY

S1P1 Receptor Signaling Overrides Retention Mediated by Gαi-Coupled Receptors to Promote T Cell Egress

(2008) Trung H.M. Pham et al.   IMMUNITY

IL-17A and IL-17F do not contribute vitally to autoimmune neuro-inflammation in mice

(2008) Stefan Haak et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Thematic Review Series: Sphingolipids.Cross-talk at the crossroads of sphingosine-1-phosphate, growth factors, and cytokine signaling,

(2008) Deborah A. Lebman et al.   JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH

Decreased T cell reactivity to Epstein-Barr virus infected lymphoblastoid cell lines in multiple sclerosis

(2008) M P Pender et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY

Nonredundant and complementary functions of TRAF2 and TRAF3 in a ubiquitination cascade that activates NIK-dependent alternative NF-κB signaling

(2008) Sivakumar Vallabhapurapu et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

"Inside-Out" Signaling of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate: Therapeutic Targets

(2008) K. Takabe et al.   PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEWS

Interleukin-17 Production in Central Nervous System-Infiltrating T Cells and Glial Cells Is Associated with Active Disease in Multiple Sclerosis

(2007) John S. Tzartos et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY