Review
Virology
Justine Oliva, Olivier Terrier
Summary: Respiratory tract infections pose a significant public health problem, with viral-bacterial co-infections playing a key role in the severity of these infections. Understanding the mechanisms of these co-infections at physiological and immunological levels is crucial, as well as exploring the importance of the microbiome and pathological context in the evolution of co-infections.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Vijay Singh, Pallavi Upadhyay, Jairus Reddy, John Granger
Summary: This study investigated bacterial and viral co-infections in COVID-19 patients and found a lower rate of viral co-infections overall, but significant levels of Staphylococcus aureus and Epstein-Barr virus co-infections in SARS-CoV-2-positive patients. The findings contribute to our understanding of the current pandemic and can assist clinicians in making better patient care decisions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yingzhi Liu, Lowell Ling, Sunny H. Wong, Maggie H. T. Wang, J. Ross Fitzgerald, Xuan Zou, Shisong Fang, Xiaodong Liu, Xiansong Wang, Wei Hu, Hung Chan, Yan Wang, Dan Huang, Qing Li, Wai Wong, Gordon Choi, Huachun Zou, David S. C. Hui, Jun Yu, Gary Tse, Tony Gin, William K. K. Wu, Matthew T. Chan, Lin Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the clinical features and outcomes of patients with viral-bacterial respiratory tract co-infections in Hong Kong. The results showed that bacterial co-infection is common in hospitalized patients with viral respiratory tract infection and is associated with higher ICU admission rate and mortality. Active surveillance for bacterial co-infection and early antibiotic treatment may be required to improve outcomes in patients with respiratory viral infection.
Article
Cell Biology
Matthew R. Hendricks, Sidney Lane, Jeffrey A. Melvin, Yingshi Ouyang, Donna B. Stolz, John Williams, Yoel Sadovsky, Jennifer M. Bomberger
Summary: Extracellular vesicles play a role in promoting secondary bacterial growth during viral infections by transferring iron through host proteins, contributing to bacterial biofilm formation. This demonstrates cross-kingdom communication in the context of polymicrobial infections.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Melissa Ross, Ricardo Henao, Thomas W. Burke, Emily R. Ko, Micah T. McClain, Geoffrey S. Ginsburg, Christopher W. Woods, Ephraim L. Tsalik
Summary: The study compared three host response strategies to distinguish bacterial and viral etiologies of acute respiratory illness. The gene expression signature was found to be the most accurate strategy for classifying subjects with bacterial, viral, or non-infectious ARI.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fernando W. Rossine, Gabriel T. Vercelli, Corina E. Tarnita, Thomas Gregor
Summary: This study reveals the foraging strategy of amoebae, a common protozoan predator in soil, and identifies amoebae mobility as the key determinant of predation efficiency. The findings provide insights into the role of protozoan predators in microbial soil ecosystems.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Paul Rand Broadway, Jeffery Carroll, Nicole Burdick Sanchez, Alyssa Word, Shelby Roberts, Emily Kaufman, John Richeson, Mike Brown, Ken Ridenour
Summary: This study found that the type and amount of zinc supplementation may influence the response of cattle to bovine respiratory disease. Zinc sulfate and zinc methionine had different effects on the health status of cattle, with zinc sulfate worsening symptoms and zinc methionine alleviating them. Therefore, it is important to carefully choose the appropriate zinc supplementation method in cattle farming.
Article
Microbiology
Maria Mathisen, Sudha Basnet, Andreas Christensen, Arun K. Sharma, Garth Tylden, Sidsel Krokstad, Palle Valentiner-Branth, Tor A. Strand
Summary: Respiratory viruses are highly prevalent among young Nepalese children hospitalized with severe pneumonia, with rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus being the most commonly detected pathogens. Codetections of two or more pathogens were observed in over 50% of pneumonia cases. Human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus were more commonly detected as single-virus infections compared to rhinovirus and adenovirus. The low cycle threshold value for single detected pathogens suggests a high viral load as a marker of clinical significance.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Muhammad Ali Shahbaz, Maria-Viola Martikainen, Teemu J. Ronkko, Mika Komppula, Pasi I. Jalava, Marjut Roponen
Summary: The study found that PM2.5-1 altered the cellular responses to bacterial and viral stimuli in vitro, increasing pro-inflammatory responses to bacterial stimulation while reducing them to viral stimulation. Further research is needed to elucidate the immune modulation mechanism by PM altering susceptibility to respiratory infections.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Thomas Sura, Surabhi Surabhi, Sandra Maass, Sven Hammerschmidt, Nikolai Siemens, Dorte Becher
Summary: Viral infections can facilitate bacterial dissemination to the lower respiratory tract, with influenza A virus inducing epithelial cell damage and dysregulating immune responses. The ubiquitination process plays a critical role in host immune responses and virus transport within cells. Proteomics analysis showed that both single infections and co-infections led to distinct changes in cellular pathways, emphasizing the need for further research on the interplay between pathogens and the host.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Ciara Harrison, Daniel E. Lindholm, Andrew C. Steer, Joshua Osowicki
Summary: Research shows that upper airway swabs self-collected by patients or caregivers have good diagnostic performance in detecting pathogens, with high sensitivity and specificity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Emma M. de Koff, Marlies A. van Houten, Elisabeth A. M. Sanders, Debby Bogaert
Summary: Clinical presentation of HCoV infections in children varies, with HCoV-associated lower respiratory tract infections often co-occurring with respiratory syncytial virus and higher abundance of Haemophilus influenzae/haemolyticus. Viral and bacterial cooccurrence may drive symptoms of HCoV-associated infections.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Virology
Mutsuo Yamaya, Yoshitaka Shimotai, Ayako Ohkawara, Enkhbold Bazarragchaa, Masatoshi Okamatsu, Yoshihiro Sakoda, Hiroshi Kida, Hidekazu Nishimura
Summary: Nafamostat, a clinically used protease inhibitor, has been shown to reduce replication of pandemic and seasonal influenza viruses in human airway epithelial cells and mouse lungs, as well as decrease infection-induced airway inflammation by modulating cytokine production.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pramod Pantha, Subbaiah Chalivendra, Dong-Ha Oh, Bret D. Elderd, Maheshi Dassanayake
Summary: The study describes the transcriptional responses of two major pests, Spodoptera frugiperda and Trichoplusia ni, to AcMNPV, revealing transcriptional suppression of chitin metabolism and tracheal development in infected hosts, as well as viral transcript abundance associated with replication, structure, and movement. Additionally, the research found overlapping biological processes in both hosts, highlighting the target genes of AcMNPV that are also targeted by chemical insecticides used for pest control.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Sai-Zhen Zeng, Le-Yun Xie, Tian Yu, Li-li Zhong, Jin-song Li, Zhao-Jun Duan, Bing Zhang, Qi-yi Zeng
Summary: For children with severe HAdV pneumonia, the duration of viral shedding is longer, with slower decrease in viral load and longer persistence for HAdV-7 infection.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jeffrey A. Melvin, Erich V. Scheller, Christopher R. Noel, Peggy A. Cotter
Article
Microbiology
Erich V. Scheller, Jeffrey A. Melvin, Amanda J. Sheets, Peggy A. Cotter
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joshua D. Deschamps, Abiola F. Ogunsola, J. Brian Jameson, Adam Yasgar, Becca A. Flitter, Cody J. Freedman, Jeffrey A. Melvin, Jason V. M. H. Nguyen, David J. Maloney, Ajit Jadhav, Anton Simeonov, Jennifer M. Bomberger, Theodore R. Holman
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Jeffrey A. Melvin, Ronald C. Montelaro, Jennifer M. Bomberger
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2016)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lauren P. Lashua, Jeffrey A. Melvin, Berthony Deslouches, Joseph M. Pilewski, Ronald C. Montelaro, Jennifer M. Bomberger
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2016)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Casandra Hoffman, Joshua Eby, Mary Gray, F. Heath Damron, Jeffrey Melvin, Peggy Cotter, Erik Hewlett
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Microbiology
Jeffrey A. Melvin, Lauren P. Lashua, Megan R. Kiedrowski, Guanyi Yang, Berthony Deslouches, Ronald C. Montelaro, Jennifer M. Bomberger
Article
Microbiology
Jeffrey A. Melvin, Jordan R. Gaston, Shawn N. Phillips, Michael J. Springer, Christopher W. Marshall, Robert M. Q. Shanks, Jennifer M. Bombergera
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeffrey A. Melvin, Christine F. Murphy, Laura G. Dubois, J. Will Thompson, M. Arthur Moseley, Dewey G. McCafferty
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kathleen W. Clancy, Jeffrey A. Melvin, Dewey G. McCafferty
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiangqian Hu, Hao Hu, Jeffrey A. Melvin, Kathleen W. Clancy, Dewey G. McCafferty, Weitao Yang
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2011)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christopher R. Noel, Joseph Mazar, Jeffrey A. Melvin, Jessica A. Sexton, Peggy A. Cotter
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2012)
Review
Microbiology
Jeffrey A. Melvin, Erich V. Scheller, Jeff F. Miller, Peggy A. Cotter
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Giorgia Purcaro, Christiaan A. Rees, Jeffrey A. Melvin, Jennifer M. Bomberger, Jane E. Hill
JOURNAL OF BREATH RESEARCH
(2018)
