Journal
WATER RESEARCH
Volume 89, Issue -, Pages 171-179Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.11.044
Keywords
Denitrification; Autotrophic; Heterotrophic; Mixotrophic; Sulfur; Woodchips
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [51578519]
- Foundation for the Advisor of Beijing Excellent Doctoral Dissertation [20121141501, 20131141502]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2652015122]
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Nitrate contaminated water can be effectively treated by simultaneous heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification (HAD). In the present study, woodchips and elemental sulfur were used as co-electron donors for HAD. It was found that ammonium salts could enhance the denitrifying activity of the Thiobacillus bacteria, which utilize the ammonium that is produced by the dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) in the woodchip-sulfur based heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification (WSHAD) process. The denitrification performance of the WSHAD process (reaction constants range from 0.05485 h(-1) to 0.06637 h(-1)) is better than that of sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification (reaction constants range from 0.01029 h(-1) to 0.01379 h(-1)), and the optimized ratio of woodchips to sulfur is 1:1 (w/w). No sulfate accumulation is observed in the WSHAD process and the alkalinity generated in the heterotrophic denitrification can compensate for alkalinity consumption by the sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification. The symbiotic relationship between the autotrophic and the heterotrophic denitrification processes play a vital role in the mixotrophic environment. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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