Review
Immunology
Jeffrey A. Bluestone, Brent S. McKenzie, Joshua Beilke, Fred Ramsdell
Summary: Regulatory T (Treg) cells play a crucial role in maintaining peripheral tolerance and preventing various immune-related diseases. They are able to develop in both the thymus and peripheral tissues through the expression of a transcription factor called FOXP3. Treg cells exert their tolerogenic effects by using multiple mechanisms, such as producing inhibitory cytokines, suppressing T effector cells, and modulating antigen-presenting cell function. Recently, there has been a focus on genetically engineering Treg cells to enhance their therapeutic potential, leading to ongoing clinical trials. This review highlights the advancements and challenges in harnessing Treg cells as a new approach for treating diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Severine Menoret, Laurent Tesson, Severine Remy, Victor Gourain, Celine Serazin, Claire Usal, Aude Guiffes, Vanessa Chenouard, Laure-Helene Ouisse, Malika Gantier, Jean-Marie Heslan, Cynthia Fourgeux, Jeremie Poschmann, Carole Guillonneau, Ignacio Anegon
Summary: In this study, a Foxp3-EGFP rat transgenic line was created to genetically tag CD4(+) and CD8(+) FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells. CD4(+)EGFP(+) Treg were found to be 5-10 times more frequent than CD8(+)EGFP(+) Treg. RNAseq analysis provided insights into the transcriptome of CD8(+) Treg, allowing for a better understanding of their phenotype and function.
Article
Immunology
Shafat Ali, Sabhiya Majid, Md. Niamat Ali, Shahnaz Taing, Muneeb U. Rehman, Azher Arafah
Summary: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a reproductive disease that involves two or more successive spontaneous abortions, with causes often related to dysfunction of endometrial cytokines and dysregulation of decidual cytokines. Cytokine modulatory therapies are considered promising for preventing RPL.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sarah A. Robertson, Lachlan M. Moldenhauer, Ella S. Green, Alison S. Care, M. Louise Hull
Summary: Immune cells play essential roles in endometrial receptivity to embryo implantation and early placental development, providing potential targets for diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic intervention in infertility by addressing the pathophysiological mechanisms of the uterine immune response.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Mojgan Esparvarinha, Sahar Madadi, Lida Aslanian-Kalkhoran, Hamid Nickho, Sanam Dolati, Helen Pia, Shahla Danaii, Simin Taghavi, Mehdi Yousefi
Summary: Pregnancy problems such as recurrent pregnancy loss, repeated implantation failure, and pre-eclampsia are common in reproductive ages and can be caused by genetic, immunological, and environmental factors, as well as infections. By identifying and eliminating the causes of abortion, the chances of successful pregnancy can be increased, but for cases with unknown causes, an imbalance in immune cell pattern may be present, leading to failed pregnancy. Therefore, treatment focuses on increasing tolerance rather than suppressing the maternal immune system.
CELL BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Qi Jiang, Guocan Yang, Qi Liu, Shengjun Wang, Dawei Cui
Summary: Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic and heterogeneous autoimmune disease characterized by symmetrical polyarthritis, with dysfunction of regulatory T (Treg) cells potentially contributing to the breakdown of self-tolerance. The ideal treatment strategy for RA should focus on re-inducing self-tolerance to prevent obvious tissue injury.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Kai Yang
Summary: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play important roles in immune regulation, and cellular metabolism is crucial for their function. Tregs reprogram cellular metabolic programs to sustain their suppressive function, and altered metabolism also influences Treg activation and function. Manipulation of systemic metabolites has emerged as an attractive strategy to modulate tissue Treg metabolism and improve treatment of immune-related diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kuda Mutasa, Joice Tome, Sandra Rukobo, Margaret Govha, Patience Mushayanembwa, Farai S. Matimba, Courage K. Chiorera, Florence D. Majo, Naume V. Tavengwa, Batsirai Mutasa, Bernard Chasekwa, Jean H. Humphrey, Robert Ntozini, Andrew J. Prendergast, Claire D. Bourke
Summary: There are differences in antibacterial immune function between stunted and non-stunted children, which are related to their health and environment during early life.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mihaela Andreescu, Francesca Frincu, Mihaela Plotogea, Claudia Mehedintu
Summary: Immune tolerance at the feto-maternal interface is crucial for a successful pregnancy. Natural killer (NK) cells and T-cells play a important role in supporting the growth of the developing fetus by producing various factors. Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) on NK cells enable them to differentiate between self and non-self, contributing to immune tolerance. Abnormalities in NK cells, KIRs, and T-cells have been linked to recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). This review discusses the research on these immune factors in RSA incidence.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jianguang Du, Qun Wang, Shuangshuang Yang, Si Chen, Yongyao Fu, Sabine Spath, Phillip Domeier, David Hagin, Stephanie Anover-Sombke, Maya Haouili, Sheng Liu, Jun Wan, Lei Han, Juli Liu, Lei Yang, Neel Sangani, Yujing Li, Xiongbin Lu, Sarath Chandra Janga, Mark H. Kaplan, Troy R. Torgerson, Steven F. Ziegler, Baohua Zhou
Summary: In this study, researchers discovered that the human FOXP3 gene encodes two major isoforms through alternative splicing. Patients who only express the shorter isoform may develop immunodeficiency and autoimmune diseases. Mice with the deletion of Foxp3 exon 2 also develop autoimmune diseases. The FOXP3 Delta E2 isoform allows increased expression of certain cytokines while decreasing the expression of positive regulators of Foxp3, leading to an unstable regulatory T cell phenotype.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jie Sun, Guang-Peng Zhou, Shi-Peng Li, Xiao-Jie Chen, Jin-Ming Zhang, Yi-Zhou Jiang, Bin Cui, Hai-Ming Zhang, Li-Ying Sun, Zhi-Jun Zhu
Summary: The role of ILC2s in acute rejection after liver transplantation remains unclear. This study found that hepatic ILC2s were significantly increased in rejection cases compared to non-rejection cases, and there was a close correlation between hepatic ILC2s and Treg cells. The number of allograft infiltrating ILC2s may play inhibitory roles in posttransplant immune homeostasis, favoring resolution of liver allograft rejection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anne Wisgalla, Caren Ramien, Mathias Streitz, Stephan Schlickeiser, Andreea-Roxana Lupu, Anke Diemert, Eva Tolosa, Petra C. Arck, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Nadja Siebert, Christoph Heesen, Friedemann Paul, Manuel A. Friese, Carmen Infante-Duarte, Stefan M. Gold
Summary: During pregnancy, there are significant shifts in NK cell populations, with an increase in CD56(bright) NK cells and a decrease in CD56(dim) NK cells. These changes occur in both pregnant women with multiple sclerosis and healthy pregnant women, potentially contributing to disease amelioration in multiple sclerosis during pregnancy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Naomi Benne, Danielle ter Braake, Arie Jan Stoppelenburg, Femke Broere
Summary: This article discusses the strategy of using nanoparticles to deliver antigens and restore immune tolerance. It highlights potential cell targets and application methods for nanoparticles, as well as how nanoparticles carrying immunomodulators can activate tolerance in other antigen-presenting cell types. It also emphasizes the importance of considering relevant factors when translating animal studies to clinical applications.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Michelle F. Huffaker, Srinath Sanda, Sindhu Chandran, Sharon A. Chung, E. William St Clair, Gerald T. Nepom, Dawn E. Smilek
Summary: The article reviews concepts evolved from the clinical trial experience of the Immune Tolerance Network, focusing on lessons learned from innovative mechanistic studies and new strategies for tolerance induction.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Sabine Muth, Annekatrin Klaric, Markus Radsak, Hansjoerg Schild, Hans Christian Probst
Summary: Treg-expressed CD27 maintains DC tolerogenic in steady state and limits anti-tumor immunity; Ablation of Treg-expressed CD27 synergizes with PD-1 blockade to improve CTL-mediated tumor control.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2022)