Article
Behavioral Sciences
K. L. Volcko, D. J. Brakey, T. E. McNamara, M. J. Meyer, N. J. McKay, J. Santollo, D. Daniels
Summary: Several brain areas participate in thirst and fluid intake control, but the interaction and specific roles of these circuits are not fully understood. This study investigates the effect of central GLP-1 receptor activation on water intake. It suggests that the PVH is a site of action for GLP-1 receptor activation in the inhibition of water intake, but a counterbalancing pathway may exist.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lawrence E. Armstrong
Summary: During endurance exercise, both dehydration and overhydration can negatively impact performance and health. While minor dehydration or overhydration may not have significant effects, moderate to severe levels can greatly reduce performance and increase the risk of illness. Therefore, athletes should carefully consider the recommendations provided in the review article to choose the rehydration method that best balances hydration levels and optimizes physical performance.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jasmin Nessler, Christian Wunderlich, Deborah Eikelberg, Andreas Beineke, Jonathan Raue, Martin Runge, Andrea Tipold, Martin Ganter, Juergen Rehage
Summary: This case report describes the clinical findings, MRI, and necropsy results of a Belted Galloway heifer with severe dehydration and hypernatremia, but concurrent adipsia and isosthenuria. The postmortem examination revealed a complex forebrain malformation that may be involved in the development of hypernatremia and adipsia in bovines.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Neha Vyas, Jenna A. McHenry
Summary: A study reveals that task performance and sensory motor cortical encoding are impaired under low and high motivational states but improve with physiological adaption.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Destiny J. Brakey, Kelcie C. Schatz, Matthew J. Paul, Derek Daniels
Summary: Eating and drinking are controlled by similar mechanisms, making it hard to study the control of fluid intake specifically. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is involved in the control of both behaviors, but its role in fluid intake is not well understood. This study proposes using Brattleboro rats, a model of excessive water intake, to study the central controls of food and fluid intakes. The results suggest that Brattleboro rats have a selective disruption in GLP-1's control of water intake.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pascale Claveau, Thomas A. Deshayes, David Jeker, Timothee Pancrate, Eric D. B. Goulet
Summary: The terms "drinking to thirst" and "ad libitum drinking" can be used interchangeably, but they have different effects on drinking patterns during exercise. Drinking according to thirst leads to higher perception of thirst and volume consumed per sip, and lower total number of sips compared to ad libitum drinking. There were also minor differences in perceived exertion, rectal temperature, and heart rate between the two methods. However, both methods equally maintain fluid balance during prolonged exercise.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fengwei Zhang, Sarah O. K. Mak, Yuchu Liu, Ya Ke, Feng Rao, Wing Ho Yung, Li Zhang, Billy Kwok Chong Chow
Summary: This study reveals the neural mechanism of secretin in managing thirst in the central nervous system. The results demonstrate that the local ablation of SCT receptor (SCTR) in the subfornical organ (SFO) reduces water intake in dehydrated mice, while salt intake remains unaffected. Furthermore, it is found that SCT elicits inward currents in the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (SFOnNOS) neurons via SCTR in the presence of glutamate receptor antagonists.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Luca Todini, Francesco Fantuz
Summary: Animals can detect changes in their internal needs and respond with specific physiological and behavioral reactions to maintain homeostasis, particularly with regards to water-saline balance. Thirst is regulated by neural and chemical signals in the central nervous system, driving animals to seek and consume water. The mechanisms of water and electrolyte homeostasis are finely tuned, primarily influenced by plasma Na+ concentration and osmotic pressure, as well as blood volume and arterial pressure. Other factors, such as food intake and circadian rhythms, also play a role in thirst regulation.
VETERINARY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sanna Hagelberg Eng, Tiny Jaarsma, Josep Lupon, Beatriz Gonzalez, Jenny Ehrlin, Violeta Diaz, Antoni Bayes-Genis, Nana Waldreus
Summary: About half of HF outpatients in a Mediterranean area of Spain experience frequent thirst, with increased duration and intensity of thirst. Factors associated with frequent thirst include less use of angiotensin receptor blockers, higher dose of diuretics, depression, male gender, and worse New York Heart Association functional class.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James C. R. Grove, Lindsay A. Gray, Naymalis La Santa Medina, Nilla Sivakumar, Jamie S. Ahn, Timothy Corpuz, Joshua D. Berke, Anatol C. Kreitzer, Zachary A. Knight
Summary: The study reveals that dopaminergic neurons in the VTA respond differently to nutrients and water intake, tracking gastrointestinal nutrients and hydration levels to facilitate learning about the consequences of ingestion.
Article
Psychiatry
Matthias Grieder, Leila M. Soravia, Raphaela M. Tschuemperlin, Hallie M. Batschelet, Andrea Federspiel, Simon Schwab, Yosuke Morishima, Franz Moggi, Maria Stein
Summary: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is characterized by enhanced reactivity to alcohol-related cues and insufficient control processes. This study found that activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) during alcohol-specific inhibition was related to craving and predicted drinking outcome in AUD patients at 3 months follow-up. However, the neurophysiological correlate of alcohol-specific inhibition was not modulated by the training.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michael R. Szymanski, Gabrielle E. W. Giersch, Margaret C. Morrissey, Courteney L. Benjamin, Yasuki Sekiguchi, Ciara N. Manning, Rebecca L. Stearns, Douglas J. Casa
Summary: The availability of the beverage Creative Roots(R) provides a small, potentially meaningful hydration benefit in children, but children still demonstrated consistent mild dehydration despite consuming the beverage.
Review
Food Science & Technology
J. D. Adams, Caroline Darcy, Alexandra G. DeGrasse, Raegan Jordan, Caroline S. Boscia
Summary: Thirst and pain are competitive motivational states that drive certain behaviors for achieving specific goals. Further research is needed to understand how these motivational states may interact with each other.
CHEMOSENSORY PERCEPTION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
C. Leonardo Jimenez Chavez, Camron D. Bryant, Melissa A. Munn-Chernoff, Karen K. Szumlinski
Summary: Selective PDE4B inhibition is an effective strategy for reducing excessive alcohol intake in murine models of binge drinking, with minimal off-target effects. While reducing sensitivity to acute alcohol intoxication, PDE4B inhibition reduces binge alcohol drinking without influencing behavioral sensitivity to alcohol in alcohol-experienced mice. Additionally, A33 is equally effective in males and females and exerts a quantitatively similar reduction in alcohol intake in mice with a genetic predisposition for high versus moderate alcohol preference. These findings further support the safety and potential clinical utility of targeting PDE4 for treating AUD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Bettina Winzeler, Clara O. Sailer, David Coynel, Davide Zanchi, Deborah R. Vogt, Sandrine A. Urwyler, Julie Refardt, Mirjam Christ-Crain
Summary: The study showed that GLP-1 receptor agonists can reduce fluid intake and thirst perception in patients with primary polydipsia, suggesting it could be a viable treatment option for these individuals.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Robert Behrens, Alice E. McGovern, Michael J. Farrell, Aung Aung Kywe Moe, Stuart B. Mazzone
Summary: Airway afferents monitor local chemical and physical environments in airway and lungs, regulating neural circuits involved in respiratory control, sensory encoding, and cognitive processing. Recent research highlights the central wiring of airway afferent circuits in the brainstem and brain, providing new insights into airway sensory processing. Describing the molecular diversity of airway afferents may shape future research on central connectivity of these pathways.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Sharna D. Jamadar, Phillip G. D. Ward, Emma X. Liang, Edwina R. Orchard, Zhaolin Chen, Gary F. Egan
Summary: Simultaneous FDG-PET/fMRI allows imaging of energetic dynamics in the brain, but fPET metabolic connectivity shows little similarity with FDG-sPET metabolic covariance, indicating that individual brain connectivity cannot be inferred from group-level metabolic data. The study highlights the complementary strengths of fPET and fMRI in measuring intrinsic brain connectivity and the potential for novel multimodality biomarkers of neurological diseases.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Claudio Babiloni, Xianhong Arakaki, Laura Bonanni, Ana Bujan, Maria C. Carrillo, Claudio Del Percio, Rebecca M. Edelmayer, Gary Egan, Fanny M. Elahh, Alan Evans, Raffaele Ferri, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Bahar Guntekin, Atticus Hainsworth, Harald Hampel, Vesna Jelic, Jaesieung Jeong, Doh Kwan Kim, Milica Kramberger, Sanjev Kumar, Roberta Lizio, Flavio Nobili, Giuseppe Noce, Aina Puce, Petra Ritter, Dirk J. A. Smit, Andrea Soricelli, Stefan Teipel, Fedeico Tucci, Perminder Sachdev, Mitchell Valdes-Sosa, Pedro Valdes-Sosa, Andrea Vergallo, Gorinev Yener
Summary: In patients with VCI and dementia, abnormal EEG measures include smaller alpha rhythms, widespread increases in delta and theta rhythms, and delayed peak latencies in event-related potentials. These measures may serve as potential biomarkers in clinical trials for prognosis and interventions to normalize brain excitability and vigilance.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Shenpeng Li, Sharna D. Jamadar, Phillip G. D. Ward, Gary F. Egan, Zhaolin Chen
Summary: The study introduced a new multimodality concatenated ICA method for identifying joint fMRI-fPET brain activations in response to visual stimulation. The method was validated both theoretically and experimentally, showing effectiveness in estimating activated brain regions modulated by signals.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Mathew Birdsall Abrams, Jan G. Bjaalie, Samir Das, Gary F. Egan, Satrajit S. Ghosh, Wojtek J. Goscinski, Jeffrey S. Grethe, Jeanette Hellgren Kotaleski, Eric Tatt Wei Ho, David N. Kennedy, Linda J. Lanyon, Trygve B. Leergaard, Helen S. Mayberg, Luciano Milanesi, Roman Moucek, J. B. Poline, Prasun K. Roy, Stephen C. Strother, Tong Boon Tang, Paul Tiesinga, Thomas Wachtler, Daniel K. Wojcik, Maryann E. Martone
Summary: There is a great need for coordination around standards and best practices in neuroscience to address challenges in data science. Developing community standards and gaining their adoption is difficult, as the current landscape is characterized by a lack of robust, validated standards and a plethora of underdeveloped and underutilized standards and best practices. An independent organization, the International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility (INCF), is dedicated to promoting data sharing in neuroscience and has implemented procedures for evaluating and endorsing community standards and best practices.
Correction
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Mathew Birdsall Abrams, Jan G. Bjaalie, Samir Das, Gary F. Egan, Satrajit S. Ghosh, Wojtek J. Goscinski, Jeffrey S. Grethe, Jeanette Hellgren Kotaleski, Eric Tatt Wei Ho, David N. Kennedy, Linda J. Lanyon, Trygve B. Leergaard, Helen S. Mayberg, Luciano Milanesi, Roman Moucek, J. B. Poline, Prasun K. Roy, Stephen C. Strother, Tong Boon Tang, Paul Tiesinga, Thomas Wachtler, Daniel K. Wojcik, Maryann E. Martone
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jo Wrigglesworth, Nurathifah Yaacob, Phillip Ward, Robyn L. Woods, John McNeil, Elsdon Storey, Gary Egan, Anne Murray, Raj C. Shah, Sharna D. Jamadar, Ruth Trevaks, Stephanie Ward, Ian H. Harding, Joanne Ryan
Summary: In this study, the difference between brain age and chronological age (brain-PAD) was found to be negatively associated with psychomotor speed in relatively healthy older adults, but not with other cognitive functions at baseline or longitudinally. Further research into longitudinal changes in brain-PAD is needed to fully understand its relationship with cognitive function.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Shenjun Zhong, Zhaolin Chen, Gary Egan
Summary: This study proposes an atlas-free method that uses a deep recurrent auto-encoder to learn a latent space for efficient tractogram parcellation. The method embeds streamlines into fixed-size feature vectors, named streamline embedding, and utilizes non-parametric clustering in the latent space. The method shows innovative and efficient characteristics through evaluation on different datasets.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Edwina R. Orchard, Phillip G. D. Ward, Gary F. Egan, Sharna D. Jamadar
Summary: This study investigated cognitive function in mothers and non-mothers at 1 year postpartum. The results showed no significant differences in objective cognition between the two groups, but mothers self-reported worse subjective memory. Mothers showed a positive correlation between subjective and objective memory, indicating self-awareness of their memory performance. Mothers also demonstrated a positive relationship between subjective memory and wellbeing, where better wellbeing correlated with higher subjective memory. The study provides insights into maternal cognition at 1 year postpartum.
JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Biological
Hamish A. Deery, Robert Di Paolo, Chris Moran, Gary F. Egan, Sharna D. Jamadar
Summary: This article systematically reviewed the literature on large-scale resting-state functional brain networks across the adult lifespan. The findings suggest that there are age-related alterations in functional connectivity, network characteristics, and dynamic connectivity, which may contribute to cognitive decline in older adults.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Edwina R. Orchard, Katharina Voigt, Sidhant Chopra, Tribikram Thapa, Phillip G. D. Ward, Gary F. Egan, Sharna D. Jamadar
Summary: The study uses spDCM analysis of resting-state fMRI data to investigate differences in brain function between first-time mothers at 1-year postpartum and women who have never been pregnant. The results show a selective modulation of inhibitory pathways related to differences between mothers and non-mothers, cognitive performance, social cognition, and maternal caregiving behavior. The findings suggest that mothers have more efficient and responsive behavior in cognitive performance, social cognition, and maternal caregiving, supporting the interpretation of key brain regions as constituting a parental caregiving network.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Kamlesh Pawar, Shenjun Zhong, Dilshan Sasanka Goonatillake, Gary Egan, Zhaolin Chen
Summary: We propose Orthogonal-Nets, a network architecture consisting of numerous ensembles of 2D encoder-decoder convolutional neural networks, for tumor segmentation. The Orthogonal-Nets predict the tumor regions by taking 2D slices of the 3D brain volume from different views and averaging the predicted probability distributions. A two-stage strategy is employed, where the first stage predicts brain tumor labels for the entire 3D image and the second stage trains multiple Orthogonal-Nets on the cropped region. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in tumor segmentation.
BRAINLESION: GLIOMA, MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, STROKE AND TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURIES, BRAINLES 2021, PT II
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Kamlesh Pawar, Shenjun Zhong, Zhaolin Chen, Gary Egan
Summary: A deep learning method using a two-stage encoder-decoder convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed for brain tumor segmentation. The method achieves high Dice scores in a federated evaluation and ranks second in the evaluation task.
BRAINLESION: GLIOMA, MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, STROKE AND TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURIES, BRAINLES 2021, PT II
(2022)
Article
Biology
Sharna D. Jamadar, Emma X. Liang, Shenjun Zhong, Phillip G. D. Ward, Alexandra Carey, Richard McIntyre, Zhaolin Chen, Gary F. Egan
Summary: FDG-fPET is a new method for measuring glucose uptake in the human brain, often applied in simultaneous BOLD-fMRI/FDG-fPET imaging. This data note describes an open access dataset, comparing three radiotracer administration protocols for FDG-fPET.
Review
Anesthesiology
Malcolm N. Hogg, Anthony Kavanagh, Michael J. Farrell, Anne L. J. Burke
Summary: The study found that persistent pain services in Australia have increased in both adult and pediatric fields, but there are still some long wait times. Although clinical activity has increased, the number of medical staff has not increased, indicating that clinics are operating differently. Privately funded clinics perform more procedures than publicly funded services.
