Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ying Zhang, Bei Gao, Luis Valdiviez, Chao Zhu, Tara Gallagher, Katrine Whiteson, Oliver Fiehn
Summary: Stable isotope tracers are commonly used with gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for enzyme activity and metabolic pathway studies. In this research, three commercially available instruments were used to analyze samples from a stable isotope labeling study on Rothia mucilaginosa metabolism. The study found that all three GC-MS instruments can be used for stable isotope tracing studies, with high-resolution GC-QTOF MS offering additional capabilities in identifying the chemical structures of unknown compounds.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hailee E. Anderson, Tiffany Liden, Blair K. Berger, Kevin A. Schug
Summary: Beer styles exhibit wide variations in color, flavor, and clarity due to differences in their chemical content. In a study analyzing 32 American beers covering five styles, specific compounds such as vanillin and chlorogenic acid isomers were found to be distinguishing features. Using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, distinctions were observed between different beer styles, with multivariate analysis confirming separations between India pale ales, stouts, and sours.
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Elizabeth R. Readel, Umang Dhaubhadel, Arzoo Patel, Daniel W. Armstrong
Summary: The existence of D-amino acids in peptides and proteins has been accepted in higher forms of life, but their roles and importance are not yet fully understood. The lack of analytical methods for such epimeric and isomeric analyses hampers the progress in this field. Studies have shown the presence of elevated levels of epimeric and isomeric modifications in Alzheimer's disease patients, particularly in amyloid-beta peptides. Selective liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis is required to differentiate these peptides due to their indistinguishability by mass alone.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Zainab Syed, Monika Sogani, Anu Kumar, Jayana Rajvanshi, Gopesh Sharma, Kumar Sonu
Summary: This research focused on the biodegradation of synthetic estrogenic compound 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and compared its degradation efficiency and power output in suspension flasks and a Bioelectrochemical System (BES). The results showed that the BES had significantly higher EE2 removal rate and power density. The study also identified a potential pathway for EE2 degradation using the newly isolated strain Rhodopseudomonas palustris MDOC01, and detected important metabolites during the bioelectrochemical treatment process of EE2.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jian Li, Junmei Ma, Qiang Li, Sufang Fan, Lixin Fan, Hongyu Ma, Yan Zhang, Lei Zheng
Summary: This research demonstrates the development of a simple, sensitive, and accurate method for simultaneous determination of 35 free amino acids in tea samples using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. The method showed good linearity, low limits of detection, and high recovery rates.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Patricia Aguilar-Alarcon, Susana Gonzalez, Alexandros G. Asimakopoulos, Oyvind Mikkelsen
Summary: This study used quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS) to characterize the molecular fingerprints of fulvic acids (RASFA) in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) and compared them with reference standards. The results demonstrated that QTOF-MS is a rapid and comprehensive screening technique for characterizing and monitoring differences in fulvic acid composition in RAS.
Article
Neurosciences
Guido Domingo, Luisa Benussi, Claudia Saraceno, Michela Bertuzzi, Roland Nicsanu, Antonio Longobardi, Sonia Bellini, Alfredo Cagnotto, Mario Salmona, Giuliano Binetti, Roberta Ghidoni
Summary: A newly developed antibody-free method was used to identify and quantify Aβ isoforms in human CSF, revealing the presence of novel Aβ species. Among these, five Aβ isoforms found in CSF of elderly individuals may serve as potential markers for Alzheimer's disease progression.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chu -Fan Wang, Liang Li
Summary: Chemical isotope labeling (CIL) LC-MS is a powerful tool for metabolome analysis that offers improved coverage and accuracy. This study compares quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) and Orbitrap mass spectrometers for metabolite detection in CIL LC-MS. The results show that instrument type has a significant effect on metabolite detection, and combining data from different instruments can increase the number of detected peak pairs.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Max L. Feuerstein, Ruwan T. Kurulugama, Stephan Hann, Tim Causon
Summary: This work focused on implementing ion mobility and a prototype quadrupole driver in data independent acquisition for non-targeted metabolomics to improve confidence in identity confirmation workflows. By combining hardware performance and software tools, 87 metabolites were identified using new acquisition and data processing approaches.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Soumya Kandi, Erika N. Cline, Brianna M. Rivera, Kirsten L. Viola, Jiuhe Zhu, Carlo Condello, Richard D. Leduc, William L. Klein, Neil L. Kelleher, Steven M. Patrie
Summary: This study focuses on the role of different proteoforms of A beta in Alzheimer's disease. The authors evaluated the flux of A beta proteoforms using quantitative top-down mass spectrometry in a mouse model. They found 25 different forms of A beta with differential solubility in addition to the major A beta 1-42 form. These proteoforms were categorized into three groups based on expression levels and solubility. The findings suggest that this workflow has potential for investigating the relationship between insoluble fibrils and soluble A beta, as well as the role of low-molecular-weight oligomers in neurotoxicity. It may also help validate the use of AD-relevant animal models.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kazuto Yamashita, Shunsuke Watanabe, Kengo Ishiki, Masahiro Miura, Yasuhiro Irino, Toshiko Kubo, Jun Matsui, Kei Hagino, Shigeki Iwanaga, Tomokazu Yoshida
Summary: The study developed plasma A beta 40 and A beta 42 immunoassays with high sensitivity and reproducibility, showing potential to accurately detect amyloid positivity in the brain. The new method provides clinicians and patients with a way to continuously monitor disease progression.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Eleni Gkanatsiou, Charlotte Sahlin, Erik Portelius, Malin Johannesson, Linda Soderberg, Johanna Falting, Hans Basun, Christer Moller, Tomas Odergren, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Lars Lannfelt, Gunnar Brinkmalm
Summary: The patterns of A beta peptides in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Down's syndrome (DS) patients differ, with DS patients showing higher amyloid pathology, and varying abundances of main A beta species in different patient groups.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Eleanor Drummond, Tomas Kavanagh, Geoffrey Pires, Mitchell Marta-Ariza, Evgeny Kanshin, Shruti Nayak, Arline Faustin, Valentin Berdah, Beatrix Ueberheide, Thomas Wisniewski
Summary: This study comprehensively identified proteins that are enriched in amyloid plaques using unbiased proteomics in two subtypes of early onset AD: sporadic early onset AD (EOAD) and Down Syndrome (DS) with AD. The study found that many proteins were consistently enriched in amyloid plaques compared to beta amyloid (A beta), with endosomal/lysosomal proteins particularly highly enriched. The study also showed that the amount of enrichment of some proteins differed between EOAD and DS. These findings suggest that these enriched proteins could serve as potential therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers for AD.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Joakim Bastrup, Kathrine H. Hansen, Thomas B. G. Poulsen, Kenneth Kastaniegaard, Ayodeji A. Asuni, Soren Christensen, Dorthe Belling, Lone Helboe, Allan Stensballe, Christiane Volbracht
Summary: Chronic treatment with aducanumab significantly reduces the number of senile plaques in AD mouse model and alters the proteomic profile of surrounding tissue, potentially inhibiting Aβ toxicity and increase cell viability.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Johannes Wellmann, Conny Traenkner, Nicolas Dostert, Esther-Corinna Schwarze, Silke Hillebrand, Jakob P. Ley, Peter Winterhalter
Summary: A workflow for comprehensive semi-polar metabolite profiling was developed and validated using liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. This workflow has the capability to distinguish different cultivars of Hydrangea macrophylla ssp. serrata and obtain a list of metabolites responsible for the differentiation. Suspect screening of phenyldihydroisocoumarins provides valuable information for the biosynthesis of phyllodulcin.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Song Xue, Feng Kong, Yiying Song, Jia Liu
Summary: This study used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the relationship between individual's spontaneous neural activity and social interaction anxiety in a nonclinical population. The results showed that social interaction anxiety was correlated with the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in several brain regions, and that emotional intelligence partially mediated this relationship. This study provides evidence for the neural basis of social interaction anxiety in the normal population and highlights the role of emotional intelligence in this anxiety.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Katsuyuki Yamaguchi, Takuya Yazawa
Summary: This study provides morphometric data on the development of the human medullary arcuate nucleus (AN) by examining the brains of preterm and perinatal infants. The results show that AN morphology demonstrates asymmetry and individual variability during the fetal period. The volume and neuronal number of AN increase exponentially with age, while neuronal density decreases exponentially. The AN may undergo neuron death and neuroblasts production after mid-gestation.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Zhan Zhou, Weixin Dai, Tianxiao Liu, Min Shi, Yi Wei, Lifei Chen, Yubo Xie
Summary: Studies have shown that propofol-induced neurotoxicity is caused by disruption of mitochondrial fission and fusion, leading to an energy supply imbalance for developing neurons. Healthy mitochondria released by astrocytes can migrate to compromised neurons to mitigate propofol-induced neurotoxicity, but the exact mechanisms involved still need further clarification.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
An Chen, Song Hao, Yongpeng Han, Yang Fang, Yibei Miao
Summary: This study explores the efficacy of two forms of BCI attention training games and finds that physical games may be more effective than video games. The research also offers valuable insights for future game design from a neuroscience perspective.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Lina Liu, Luran Liu, Yunting Lu, Tianyuan Zhang, Wenting Zhao
Summary: This study reveals that GDI1 serves as a potential diagnostic biomarker for AD and inhibition of GDI1 can attenuate Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. The findings offer new insights for the treatment of AD.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Zahra Gholami, Ava Soltani Hekmat, Ali Abbasi, Kazem Javanmardi
Summary: This study investigated the effects of alamandine on allodynia in a rat model and found the presence of MrgD receptors in the vlPAG and RVM regions. Microinjection of alamandine resulted in a significant increase in paw withdrawal threshold and could be blocked by an MrgD receptor antagonist. Upregulation of MrgD receptor expression following allodynia induction suggests a potential compensatory mechanism in response to pain.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Mingliang Xu, Lei Xia, Junjie Li, Yehong Du, Zhifang Dong
Summary: This study found that DHF effectively alleviates sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in developing mice by restoring the balance between tau O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation. Therefore, DHF has the potential to be a therapeutic agent for treating cognitive impairment associated with anesthetics, such as sevoflurane.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Tsubasa Mitsutake, Hisato Nakazono, Takanori Taniguchi, Hisayoshi Yoshizuka, Maiko Sakamoto
Summary: The posterior parietal cortex plays a crucial role in postural stability, and transcranial electrical stimulation of this region can modulate physical control responses. This study found that cathodal stimulation significantly decreased joint angular velocity in multiple directions, while there were no significant differences with transcranial random noise stimulation.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Xishuai Yang, Wei Zhang, Xueli Chang, Zuopeng Li, Runquan Du, Junhong Guo
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose rituximab (RTX) in patients with muscle-specific kinase antibody positive myasthenia gravis (MuSK-MG). The results showed that low-dose RTX treatment led to significant improvements in clinical symptoms and quality of life for patients with MuSK-MG.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Jian Zhang, Shunyuan Guo, Rong Tao, Fan Wang, Yihong Xie, Huizi Wang, Lan Ding, Yuejian Shen, Xiaoli Zhou, Junli Feng, Qing Shen
Summary: This study established an Alzheimer's disease (AD) model of zebrafish induced by AlCl3 and found that marine-derived plasmalogens (Pls) could alleviate cognitive impairments of AD zebrafish by reversing athletic impairment and altering the expression levels of genes related to oxidative stress, ferroptosis, synaptic dysfunction, and apoptosis.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Lu Li, Jiaqi Ren, Qi Fang, Liqiang Yu, Jintao Wang
Summary: ICU-AW is a common and severe neuromuscular complication in critically ill patients. Electrophysiological examination is essential for accurate diagnosis and early prediction of the disease. This study aimed to establish and validate an ICU-AW predictive model in SIRS patients, providing a practical tool for early clinical prediction.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Ahmad Alipour, Roghayeh Mohammadi
Summary: The present study aimed to investigate the separate and combined effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3) regions on pain relief in patients with type-2 diabetes suffering from neuropathic pain (NP). The results showed that tDCS had the potential to induce pain relief in patients with type-2 diabetes suffering from NP. The mean perceived pain intensity in the posttest was lower in the M1 stimulation group than in the F3 stimulation group. However, more trials with larger sample sizes are necessary to define clinically relevant effects.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Eduardo J. Fusse, Franciele F. Scarante, Maria A. Vicente, Mariana M. Marrubia, Flavia Turcato, Davi S. Scomparin, Melissa A. Ribeiro, Maria J. Figueiredo, Tamires A. V. Brigante, Francisco S. Guimaraes, Alline C. Campos
Summary: Repeated exposure to psychosocial stress alters the endocannabinoid system and affects brain regions associated with emotional distress. Enhancing the effects of endocannabinoids through pharmacological inhibition induces an anti-stress behavioral effect, possibly mediated by the mTOR signaling pathway.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Giulia Agostoni, Luca Bischetti, Federica Repaci, Margherita Bechi, Marco Spangaro, Irene Ceccato, Elena Cavallini, Luca Fiorentino, Francesca Martini, Jacopo Sapienza, Mariachiara Buonocore, Michele Francesco D'Incalci, Federica Cocchi, Carmelo Guglielmino, Roberto Cavallaro, Marta Bosia, Valentina Bambini
Summary: This study found a general impairment in humor comprehension in individuals with schizophrenia, with mental jokes being more difficult for both patients and controls. Humor comprehension was closely associated with the patients' overall pragmatic and linguistic profile, while the association with Theory of Mind (ToM) was minimal. Another notable finding was the increased appreciation of humor in individuals with schizophrenia, who rated jokes as funnier than controls did, regardless of whether they were correctly or incorrectly completed. The funniness ratings were not predicted by any measure, suggesting a dimension of humor untied to cognition or psychopathology.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiuping Gong, Qi Li, Yang Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that Sev targets CREBBP to inhibit ALG13 transcription, leading to hippocampal damage and cognitive impairment.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2024)