Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Chi Zhang, Shuyan Feng, Ruonan He, Yi Fang, Shuo Zhang
Summary: This article introduces the concept, current development, and application of the Metaverse, as well as the use of basic technologies like virtual reality and telemedicine in the medical field. It also explores the new model of gastroenterology in the future era of the Metaverse.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Kunming Cheng, Qiang Guo, Yongbin He, Yanqiu Lu, Shuqin Gu, Haiyang Wu
Summary: Biomedical engineering is an interdisciplinary field that combines engineering, biology, and medicine. The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has had a significant impact on this field and continues to drive innovation. This study explores the potential of GPT-4 in various branches of biomedical engineering, showing that its application can bring new opportunities for development.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shon A. Levkovich, Sigal Rencus-Lazar, Ehud Gazit, Dana Laor Bar-Yosef
Summary: Protein misfolding and aggregation are linked to human diseases and aging, while microorganisms use prions as carriers of epigenetic information to drive phenotypic adaptations and encode molecular information. Recent microbial prion research has revealed the functional and structural diversity of these agents. A hypothesis regarding the existence of non-proteinaceous prion-like entities has been proposed in light of advancements in molecular self-assembly.
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Linghui Qian, Xuefen Lin, Xue Gao, Rizwan Ullah Khan, Jia-Yu Liao, Shubo Du, Jingyan Ge, Su Zeng, Shao Q. Q. Yao
Summary: The high selectivity and affinity of antibodies have made them valuable tools in disease therapy, diagnosis, and basic research. Various chemical and genetic approaches have been developed to improve their effectiveness and expand their applications in areas such as targeted protein degradation, real-time live-cell imaging, and catalytic labeling or decaging. Advancements in chemistry and biotechnology have led to well-designed antibodies and their derivatives that improve our understanding of biological processes and offer potential treatments for various diseases.
Review
Immunology
Zhuoya Deng, Yuying Tian, Jianxun Song, Guangwen An, Penghui Yang
Summary: mRNA therapy is a novel anticancer strategy that has gained significant interest, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. By improving key technologies such as mRNA production and delivery systems, this therapy has overcome previous challenges in cancer treatment. This review provides a comprehensive overview of mRNA cancer vaccine production, immunological mechanisms, clinical applications, and discusses future challenges and prospects.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Sagar S. Arya, Sofia B. Dias, Herbert F. Jelinek, Leontios J. Hadjileontiadis, Anna-Maria Pappa
Summary: Advances in consumer electronics, microfluidics and nanotechnology have led to the development of low-cost wearable/portable smart devices. While many smart devices can track digital biomarkers, few are capable of tracking traditional biomarkers. Current practices still rely on laboratory-based tests and blood collection in a clinical setting, which requires trained personnel and specialized equipment. Real-time sensing of physiological and behavioral data from patients using AI-based models can significantly improve decision-making, diagnosis, and treatment at the point-of-procedure, bypassing traditional methods and scarce expert pathologists in developing countries. This review summarizes the technological advances in both fields, discusses the integration of traditional and digital biomarkers through AI/ML technologies, and showcases the fundamental role, limitations, and prospects of AI in point-of-care diagnostics.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Late Tokgozoglu, Peter Libby
Summary: Lipid risk factors for cardiovascular disease depend on both lifestyle and additional measures for optimum control. Recent genetic findings have identified novel targets for lipid-lowering therapy, providing new avenues for management. New treatments targeting triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and lipoprotein(a) have emerged and shown improved efficacy and tolerability. Gene-editing approaches are also being explored in lipid management.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Benjamin Shickel, Azra Bihorac
Summary: The next generation of AI-enabled nephrology will utilize large language models to connect diverse patient data, shaping intelligent clinical practice and research. Advancements in technology have improved the prediction and screening of kidney diseases, providing significant implications for precision medicine.
NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kazuhiko Yamamura, Takeshi Nakahara
Summary: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation. Recent studies have led to the development of various narrow targeting therapies for AD. Topical medications such as Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors, and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist tapinarof are effective and safe for AD compared to corticosteroids. Oral JAK inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies targeting interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, IL-31, IL-33, OX40, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling have shown outstanding efficacy for moderate-to-severe AD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
Liang Zhao
Summary: Events are crucial occurrences with significant impacts on society or nature, such as earthquakes, system failures, and pandemics. Anticipating events in advance can help mitigate social upheaval, and event prediction is now more feasible in the big data era due to advancements in AI and high-performance computing. Existing methods are often domain-specific but share generalizable techniques and evaluation procedures, though cross-referencing techniques across domains remains a challenge.
ACM COMPUTING SURVEYS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Niamh Coleman, Timothy A. A. Yap, John V. V. Heymach, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Xiuning Le
Summary: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a growing class of oncology drugs that combine cytotoxic chemotherapy with targeted therapy to deliver potent agents to cancer cells. In lung cancer treatment, ADCs have emerged as potential options, with FDA-approved and breakthrough therapy designated ADCs available. Early-phase trials are also exploring novel ADCs for advanced lung cancer. This review discusses the structure, mechanism of action, recent progress, toxicity profiles, and strategies to enhance potency and overcome resistance of ADCs in lung cancer, as well as novel ADC strategies using non-cytotoxic payloads.
NPJ PRECISION ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Engineering, Biomedical
Gemingtian Liu, Xin Ma, Yu Zhang, Boyan Su, Pinan Liu
Summary: GPT4, the latest multimodal language model introduced by OpenAI, has the potential to revolutionize the healthcare industry with its impressive capabilities. This study proposes various ways in which GPT4 could contribute to neurosurgery in the future. It is believed that GPT4 has the possibility to become an indispensable assistant for neurosurgeons in the new era.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Tian Peng, Chi Zhang, Wen-Jun Chen, Xue-Fei Zhao, Wei-Bo Wu, Wei-Ji Yang, Ruo-Jia Liang
Summary: This article provides an overview of the research progress made in the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis. It discusses the role of pyroptosis in the initiation and progression of endometrial cancer and explores its potential value in the treatment of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Social Issues
Gadi Nissim, Tomer Simon
Summary: The COVID-19 crisis has accelerated the process of digitalization in economic production and services, with AI and robotics becoming more autonomous and self-learning. The discussion about digitalization and the future of work has become urgent, especially considering the potential for human workers to be replaced by intelligent machines. Unions are facing challenges in representing employees in a transitioning economy, and need to consider new roles in safeguarding workers' rights and representing the social rights of all citizens.
TECHNOLOGY IN SOCIETY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Shashikiran Shanmugasundaram, Namratha Nayak, Lakshmi Puzhankara, Madhurya N. Kedlaya, Anjale Rajagopal, Shaswata Karmakar
Summary: The bacteriophages in the oral microbiome play a critical role in periodontal disease by preventing colonization of pathogens and upregulating the virulence of periodontal pathogens. They have potential as a therapeutic strategy, as demonstrated by successful phage therapy for antibiotic-resistant systemic infections. Research on the oral phageome and phage therapy's effectiveness and safety could lead to new avenues in periodontal therapy.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
