Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
J. A. Frutos, R. R. Ambriz, Ch. J. Garcia, D. Jaramillo
Summary: The orthogonal impact load in 6061-T651 and 7075-T651 aluminum alloys was evaluated through experimental tests and compared with finite element and analytical approaches. It was observed that 7075-T651 alloy performed better than 6061-T651 alloy for the 200 J impact test, while the absorbed impact energy for 6061-T651 alloy was higher than for the 7075-T651 alloy at 600 J. The induced damage tended to increase with the strain rate for a given impact energy level.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
M. Abeens, R. Muruganandhan
Summary: This study investigates the corrosion behavior of shot peened AA 7075 T651 in a 3.5% solution, revealing that shot peening can improve pitting corrosion resistance and enhance oxide layer formation on the alloy surface. The research shows that shot peening leads to a decrease in corrosion rate and an increase in resistance to pit formations, as observed through SEM and EDX analysis.
SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY-METROLOGY AND PROPERTIES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shuo Zhang, Gediminas Gervinskas, Yang Liu, Ross K. W. Marceau, Jing Fu
Summary: This study explores the application of nanoscale in-situ cryo-condensation coating technique on needle-shaped specimens and frozen hydrated cells. By controlling parameters, the properties of the deposited layer can be tuned, revealing surface morphologies and investigating the physical mechanisms of curing. This approach opens a novel route to nanofabrication on tip geometry and site-specific conductive protection.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sridhar Niverty, Nikhilesh Chawla
Summary: In this study, x-ray computed tomography was utilized to investigate the corrosion behavior of dissimilar alloy couples, followed by corrosion fatigue testing and post fracture failure analysis. The precise locations of corrosion pitting damage in the specimen were studied with respect to corrosion time. Microstructural factors that contribute to crack initiation were identified using a correlative microscopy-based approach and discussed.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Liangliang Gu, Han Gao, Haifeng Hu
Summary: We present a simple and robust fiber specklegram refractive index sensor using a multimode fiber-single mode fiber-multimode fiber structure based on focused ion beam milling. Fluid channels are etched on the single-mode fiber to enhance the interaction between light and matter, and a deep learning model is employed for demodulating the sensing signal. Experimental results demonstrate high demodulation accuracy and speed, making it a promising sensing scheme for various chemical and biological applications.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chiu-Yen Wang, An-Hsuan Hsu, Yi-Chen Lin, Ya-Chu Hsu
Summary: Monocrystalline InSe nanowires with a [100] growth direction were successfully prepared via vacuum hydraulic pressure injection at low temperature. The fabricated nanowires were used to create a high-responsivity photodetector with low dark current and rapid rise and fall times.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rong Wu, M. Tauhiduzzaman, P. Ravi Selvaganapathy
Summary: Recently, there has been a growing interest in methods for creating hydrophobic surfaces, with a low-cost, high-throughput Computer Numerical Control machining method being developed to generate highly hydrophobic and anisotropic surfaces on both metal and polymeric materials. This method, utilizing micro-structured diamond tools, offers at least four times higher machining speed compared to other methods and demonstrates significant anisotropic wetting effects on the machined surfaces.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wenming Liu, Qiyun Man, Jing Li, Lin Liu, Wei Zhang, Zhijian Wang, Haijun Pan
Summary: The effects of nitrogen ion implantation on the microstructures and vibration fatigue properties of the 7075-T651 aluminum alloy were investigated. Experimental results showed that the fatigue life of the ion-implanted vibration samples increased by 75%. Ion implantation caused microscopic strain, increased the density of dislocation structure, and reduced the grain size. The high-density dislocation and fine grains induced by ion implantation were found to be beneficial for prolonging the vibration fatigue life.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Michael Haub, Martin Bogner, Thomas Guenther, Andre Zimmermann, Hermann Sandmaier
Summary: This paper introduces a miniaturized accelerometer based on the tunneling effect, which utilizes high sensitivity to detect small deflections in the sub-nanometer range. The spring-mass system is manufactured through surface micro-machining, allowing control over the size of sensor structures and electrode distances. The exponential dependency of sensitivity on electrode distance affects the sensor signal, with a measuring range of 20 g.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wenming Liu, Wenhui He, Lin Liu, Jing Li, Haijun Pan, Wei Zhang, Zhijian Wang
Summary: This research investigated the tribological properties and microstructure of 7075-T651 aluminum alloy after nitrogen ion implantation, finding that the surface hardness improved, wear reduced, and the wear mechanism changed from adhesive to abrasive wear.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
V. Murugabalaji, Matruprasad Rout, Harsh Soni, Biranchi Narayan Sahoo
Summary: This study focuses on the corrosion characteristics of AA 7075 and AA 7075 based hybrid composite fabricated using stir casting and hot rolling techniques. The results show that the hybrid composite produced by hot cross rolling exhibits better corrosion resistance compared to the base metal. The addition of a small amount of graphite improves the bonding between the matrix and reinforcements, and the hot cross rolling enhances this bonding, leading to the formation of a strong passivation oxide layer and increased charge transfer resistance, thereby improving corrosion resistance.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
R. Branco, J. D. Costa, P. A. Prates, F. Berto, C. Pereira, A. Mateus
Summary: This study investigated the effect of loading history on cyclic deformation and fatigue behavior of 7075-T651 aluminum alloy, and found that the SW-based model properly captured the effect of load history on fatigue behavior. The fatigue life predictions from numerical simulations were in agreement with experimental results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Oleksandr Buchnev, James A. Grant-Jacob, Robert W. Eason, Nikolay I. Zheludev, Ben Mills, Kevin F. MacDonald
Summary: Researchers have developed a deep learning method based on prior experience to predict the postfabrication appearance of structures manufactured by focused ion beam (FIB) milling, which can expedite the optimization process and improve reproducibility in FIB processing.
Article
Mechanics
E. Corona, M. Spletzer, B. T. Lester, C. J. Fietek
Summary: This study conducted numerous experiments and simulations on the puncture of 7075-T651 aluminum alloy plates, and the results show that the material models used in the simulations can accurately predict the puncture speed and failure mode.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Deying Xia, Ying-Bing Jiang, John Notte, Doug Runt
Summary: This study compares the usage of a neon focused ion beam with the traditional gallium focused ion beam for milling GaAs material, finding that neon FIB produces less undesired artifacts and subsurface damage at lower energies. Additionally, neon FIB can create trenches as small as 20 nm wide with high fidelity and minimal damage.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ankita Roy, Amey Luktuke, Nikhilesh Chawla, Kumar Ankit
Summary: This study presents a method that combines material thermodynamics with diffusional kinetics to predict the growth characteristics of Cu6Sn5 in Cu-Sn alloy. The calculations indicate the limited role of IMC/Sn interfacial curvature in determining the rate at which the IMC layer thickens.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Shipra Bajpai, Alok Bhadauria, T. Venkateswaran, Sudhanshu S. Singh, Kantesh Balani
Summary: The study employed spark plasma sintering to join two pre-sintered HfB2-ZrB2 and HfB2-ZrB2-SiC composites using Ni powders as an interlayer. Solid-state diffusion of Ni into UHTCs resulted in the formation of continuous and crack-free interfaces. While the HZ/Ni/HZ joint exhibited reduced hardness due to microstructural inhomogeneity, the HZS/Ni/HZS joint achieved uniform hardness owing to microstructural homogeneity.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Chetan Singh, Aditya Gokhale, Anand Varma, Sudhanshu Shekhar Singh, Jayant Jain
Summary: The study investigates grain boundary sliding (GBS) as a potential mechanism for enhancing room-temperature ductility of a Mg-0.6Ca binary alloy at lower strain rates. The results reveal that the amount of strain accommodated by GBS increases as the strain rate decreases. The alloy exhibits high strain rate sensitivity, which is attributed to GBS.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ashwani Kumar, Bhagyaraj Jayabalan, Chetan Singh, Jayant Jain, Subrata Mukherjee, Krishanu Biswas, Sudhanshu S. Singh
Summary: In this study, lanthana based oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic steels were fabricated and the effects of chromium content and sintering temperature on the mechanical properties were investigated. The results showed that increasing the chromium content improved the compressive strength and compressive fracture strain of the steel.
METALS AND MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Daniel Sinclair, Sridhar Niverty, Nikhilesh Chawla
Summary: X-ray microcomputed tomography was used to observe the localized corrosion of an AA7075-T651 sample immersed in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. Pitting initiated at cathodic intermetallic inclusions and showed a start-and-stop trend due to decoupling effects. Samples with higher extent of cold rolling had a finer and more homogeneous distribution of inclusions, leading to increased pit depth. Alternate immersion with intermittent drying destabilized the passive layer, while continuous immersion for 20 days produced a uniform and protective corrosion product layer.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tarun Amla, Nikhilesh Chawla
Summary: Devices used in power electronics, such as GaN, SiC, and other wide band gap semiconductors, have high operating temperatures and require special die attach materials. Traditional solder materials are not suitable due to their limitations. Sintered nano-silver with high thermal and electrical conductivity is a good alternative. High thermomechanical stresses in these devices affect their performance and reliability. Virtual testing using finite element analysis is an effective method to overcome the challenges of building test vehicles and making predictions. The paper demonstrates a detailed reliability assessment using FEA simulations and an analytical fatigue reliability model.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
John A. Wu, Amey Luktuke, Nikhilesh Chawla
Summary: With the development of heterogeneous integration packaging, there is a growing demand for solders with ideal mechanical properties and melting temperatures. Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) solders are a reliable alternative to PbSn solders, offering ideal mechanical properties and low melting points when alloyed with other elements. SAC-3Bi solder is found to have bismuth precipitation at room temperature after being aged, specifically on the exposed surface. Different cooling rates during solder solidification affect the coarsening rates, indicating varying diffusion and nucleation rates influenced by the cooling process.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Poresh Kumar, Tu-Ngoc Lam, Pawan Kumar Tripathi, Sudhanshu Shekhar Singh, Peter K. Liaw, E-Wen Huang
Summary: Recent advancements in high-entropy alloys and high-entropy materials have shown promising potential for various applications. These materials, consisting of five or more elements, exhibit unique properties that can be tuned by proper element selection and manufacturing methods. They offer characteristics such as high thermal stability, creep resistance, high stiffness, and good corrosion resistance, making them sought after for aerospace applications.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Swapnil K. Morankar, Yash Mistry, Dhruv Bhate, Clint A. Penick, Nikhilesh Chawla
Summary: In this study, the unique layered structure of the fibers from deep-sea sponge Euplectella aspergillum was investigated using in situ tensile testing and fractography. The real-time observation revealed that the failure of fibers initiated from the surface and propagated towards the center through successive layers. The concentric layers sacrificed themselves to protect the central core through various toughening mechanisms. These findings provide insights for the design of architected materials for load-bearing applications.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Amey Luktuke, Arun Sundar Sundaram Singaravelu, Arun Mannodi-Kanakkithodi, Nikhilesh Chawla
Summary: The composition of alloying elements in Sn-rich solder is crucial for the performance of solder joints in electronic packages. This study investigates the impact of small additions of Indium (In) on the properties of pure Sn solder. Various characterization techniques reveal insights into the microstructure and interfacial intermetallic (IMC) layer formation, as well as the mechanisms behind the changes in these properties due to the addition of In.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Swapnil Morankar, Ankit Kumar, Amey Luktuke, Nikhilesh Chawla
Summary: The properties of the deep-sea sponge Euplectella aspergillum's spicules were investigated using in situ nanoindentation in different water conditions. The layered regions of the spicules were found to be softer and more compliant than the central core. Exposure to water resulted in a decrease in stiffness and hardness of the layered regions, indicating the influence of hydration and plasticization on the mechanical behavior. These findings provide insight into the role of spicule architecture and its constituents in determining mechanical properties in a water environment.
Meeting Abstract
Zoology
G. C. Cope, D. Goss, N. Chawla, A. Grishin, D. Bhate, C. Penick
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Zoology
C. A. Penick, G. Cope, D. Goss, A. Grishin, N. Chawla, D. Bhate
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Paul Paradise, Shawn Clonts, Sridhar Niverty, Mandar Shinde, Austin Suder, Tyler Smith, Thomas Broderick, Mark Benedict, Nikhilesh Chawla, Dhruv Bhate
Summary: This study examines the measurement capabilities of four different methods for thin-wall structures and finds that the standard micrometer is inaccurate, while the point micrometer and blue light scanning are reliable. Variations in section area for thin specimens can contribute to mechanical failure.
MANUFACTURING LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Paul Paradise, Shawn Clonts, Sridhar Niverty, Mandar Shinde, Austin Suder, Tyler Smith, Thomas Broderick, Mark Benedict, Nikhilesh Chawla, Dhruv Bhate
Summary: This study examined the measurement capabilities of four different methods for thin-wall structures, showing that point micrometer and blue light 3D scanning are reliable measurement methods while standard micrometer is not. The variation in cross-sectional area of thin specimens contributes to failure initiation at lower strengths and explains mechanical debits observed with reductions in thickness.
MANUFACTURING LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuai Zhang, Shuye Zhang, Hongzhi Zhou, Kyung-Wook Paik, Tianran Ding, Weimin Long, Sujuan Zhong, Peng He
Summary: Microwave Hybrid Heating (MHH) is a promising method for material joining, allowing for selective and uniform heating. This experimental study focused on investigating the characteristics and reliability of joints made using nano-Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu soldering paste and MHH technique. The research findings showed that the shear strength of the joints reached its peak value under specific microwave power and exposure time, but decreased after thermal shock tests.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Peibin Ma, Mingyang Wang, Aiying Chen, Lijian Gu, Zhiyi Ding, Xiaogui Wang, Bin Gan
Summary: Nano-twinned boundaries in high-temperature alloys play a crucial role in regulating the distribution of nano-precipitates and enhancing mechanical properties.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jiachen Zhang, Fan Lu, Xinxin Liu, Taiwen Huang, Rui Li, Changsheng Tan, Guojun Zhang, Lin Liu
Summary: This study investigates the effects of Re and Ta interactions on the precipitation of the TCP phase in experimental alloys under long-term thermal exposure. The study finds that microstructure segregation is not fully eliminated even with standard heat treatment, and the interaction between Re and Ta enhances the formation of the TCP phase. Thermodynamic calculations and first-principles analysis reveal that Re significantly improves the driving force of TCP phase precipitation. The study also observes a phase transition from the sigma-phase to the P-phase, with Ni playing a crucial role in the diffusion process.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ronit Roy, Adil Shaik, Matthew Topping, Fei Long, Mark R. Daymond
Summary: This study demonstrates the improvements in characterizing localized dislocation distribution using the HR-EBSD method compared to the conventional approach. Two extreme examples of deformation conditions were investigated to show the efficacy of HR-EBSD in identifying dislocations and subtle features. The direct correlation between slip bands and HR-EBSD estimated GNDs is also presented, enhancing the scope of this approach in identifying individual slip bands.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wenshan Guo, Hui Zhang, Qingjun Zhou, Guangchun Xiao, Ning Guo, Wei Zhao, Gang Wang
Summary: The microstructures and corrosion resistance of TC11 components were significantly improved using a high-power, high-speed laser metal deposition (LMD) process and subsequent post-heat treatment, with greater improvements observed in the deposition direction. The significant improvement of corrosion resistance in the deposition direction is mainly due to the weakening of the charged galvanic corrosion effect between the non-interlayer zone and interlayer zone.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuai Xu, Rui Cao, Junheng Gao, Yu Zhang, Haitao Zhao, Shuize Wang, Yuhe Huang, Guilin Wu, Honghui Wu, Chaolei Zhang, Xinping Mao
Summary: In this study, the microstructures and mechanical properties of interphase precipitation strengthening micro-alloyed steels were investigated. The addition of Cr was found to increase the yield strength without significant decrease of ductility. Thermodynamics analysis revealed that the addition of Cr led to grain refinement and decrease of sheet spacing of nanoprecipitates. Calculations showed that the decrease of interphase-precipitated carbides sheet spacing and the refinement of grain size were responsible for the strength enhancement of Cr microalloyed steel.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhaoxin Zhong, Biao Zhang, Yuhan Ren, Jian Ye, Jiawei Zhang, Feng Ye
Summary: In this study, bioinspired web-liked multiphase composites were successfully constructed using boron-modified polysilazane polymer. The composites consisted of long TiB nanowires as 'web' and hybrid TiC and Ti3Si particles as 'nodes'. The enhanced strength of these composites was attributed to the synergistic load transfer of the hybrid reinforcements. This study provides a promising design approach for developing high-performance composites with high reinforcement content, utilizing polymer instead of traditional ceramic powder.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Geng Liu, Linran Yu, Jie Su, Ran Ding, Min Xiong, Qi Gao
Summary: In this study, a flash austenitization heat treatment approach was used to achieve a dual-phase microstructure consisting of retained austenite and fine-grained ferrite in low-carbon TRIP steel. Phase-field simulations revealed the acceleration of ferrite transition kinetics in the Mn-depleted region and the influence of chemical heterogeneity of C and Mn on the stabilization of austenite.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhichao Yang, Dehui Zheng, Zhen Wang, Tingbin Liang, Shuangbao Wang
Summary: In this study, the configurations, formation process, and properties of the Cu-rich layer formed during TJE of Al alloys were revealed using aberration-corrected scanning TEM (STEM), STEM image simulations, and first-principles calculations. The results showed a new orientation relationship between the Cu-rich layer and Al matrix, and provided insights into the formation mechanisms of the Cu-rich layer and Cu diffusion zone.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuai Chen, Ruyu Tian, Jiayue Wen, Yanhong Tian
Summary: In this study, the interfacial microstructure evolution and reliability of Cu/Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305)/Ni and Cu/Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu-0.05TiO2 (SAC305-0.05TiO2)/Ni interconnections under thermal shock were investigated. The results showed that the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles can suppress the growth of interfacial IMCs and improve the reliability of the connections.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yunbin Lu, Yangju Feng, Wei Wang, Wenke Wang, Jianlei Yang, Wenzhen Chen, Guorong Cui, Dongdong Zhuang, Hongyang Cao
Summary: In order to improve the wear resistance of titanium alloy, titanium matrix composites with network distributed TiBw were fabricated. The results showed that the wear rate of the composites decreased by 17.2% at room temperature and 38.4% at high temperature compared to the TA15 alloy. The TiBw in the composites enhanced work hardening, improved thermal conductivity, and effectively hindered dislocation movement and promoted dynamic recrystallization during high-temperature wear.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jubert Pasco, Lu Jiang, Thomas Dorin, Ali Keshavarzkermani, Youliang He, Clodualdo Aranas Jr
Summary: The unique structure and solute distribution of CoCrMo alloys produced using Laser Powder Bed Fusion technique require custom heat-treating processes to achieve the targeted phase distribution and mechanical properties. This study investigates the phase transformation behavior and precipitate distribution of CoCrMo samples after aging heat treatment. The results show differences in phase fraction and nucleation sites between directly aged and solution heat-treated samples.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zipeng Ma, Meng Zhou, Baohong Tian, Yi Zhang, Heng Li, Xu Li, Jin Zou, Haoyan Hu, Ke Jing, Yong Liu, Alex A. Volinsky
Summary: In this study, two electrical contact composites were prepared using the vacuum hot pressing sintering endo-oxidation method. The addition of Y2O3 had no negative effects on the electrical conductivity and hardness of the composites. Moreover, it reduced the welding force and arc energy, and improved the stability of the contacts.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Sun, Ning Cui, Shuling Zhang, Tiewei Xu, Xiaopeng Wang, Fantao Kong
Summary: A laminated composite was successfully fabricated and its microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. The composite exhibited high bonding strength, improved flexural strength and fracture toughness, and superior tensile properties compared to the monolithic alloy.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zih-You Wu, Yin-Ku Lee, Su-Yueh Tsai, Po-Yu Chen, Jenq-Gong Duh
Summary: With the development of the artificial intelligence (AI) industries, electronic packaging is advancing towards high density, high efficiency, and multi-functionality. The application of microbumps is necessary to achieve high density and small-scale interconnection. In this study, three types of full intermetallic compounds (IMCs) bumps were fabricated, and the mechanical and thermal properties of IMCs were analyzed. The results showed that the full IMCs bumps with added Ni and Zn exhibited consistent structure and excellent thermal stability, providing a reliable microstructure for application.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
