Review
Immunology
Andrea Herrero-Cervera, Oliver Soehnlein, Ellinor Kenne
Summary: Chronic inflammation is a common feature of many diseases and is especially prevalent in the aging population. The role of neutrophils in chronic inflammation is still not well understood, with conflicting evidence suggesting both beneficial and detrimental effects. However, emerging evidence indicates that neutrophils play a significant role in several chronic diseases.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anderson dos Santos Ramos, Giovana Cristina Santana Viana, Marcelo de Macedo Brigido, Juliana Franco Almeida
Summary: Neutrophils, particularly their ability to form extracellular traps (NETs), play a significant role in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Studies have shown increased levels of NETs in tissue and serum samples from IBD patients, indicating their involvement in disease progression. This highlights the potential of targeting NETs as a therapeutic strategy to expand the current spectrum of IBD therapies.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Lena Wucherpfennig, Felix Wuennemann, Monika Eichinger, Niclas Schmitt, Angelika Seitz, Ingo Baumann, Mirjam Stahl, Simon Y. Graeber, Jaehi Chung, Jens-Peter Schenk, Abdulsattar Alrajab, Hans-Ulrich Kauczor, Marcus A. Mall, Olaf Sommerburg, Mark O. Wielputz
Summary: This study longitudinally evaluated chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) using paranasal sinus magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The results showed that CRS starts early in infancy and progresses in severity until school age. The study also found that lumacaftor/ivacaftor therapy can improve CRS in children with CF.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Review
Allergy
Siyuan Zhang, Zhenlin Wang
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive overview of recent research on neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs) in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), and deepens the understanding of the functions of these extracellular traps in CRS.
CURRENT ALLERGY AND ASTHMA REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Luke W. Garratt, Oded Breuer, Craig J. Schofield, Samantha A. McLean, Daniel R. Laucirica, Rabindra Tirouvanziam, Barry S. Clements, Anthony Kicic, Sarath Ranganathan, Stephen M. Stick
Summary: This study evaluated the changes in neutrophil elastase (NE) activity following Pseudomonas aeruginosa eradication in children with cystic fibrosis. The results showed that NE activity was significantly reduced post-eradication, but persisted in some subjects. High post-eradication NE levels were associated with an increased risk for P. aeruginosa infection in the next annual visit.
JOURNAL OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Licia Totani, Concetta Amore, Antonio Piccoli, Giuseppe Dell'Elba, Angelo Di Santo, Roberto Plebani, Romina Pecce, Nicola Martelli, Alice Rossi, Serena Ranucci, Ida De Fino, Paolo Moretti, Alessandra Bragonzi, Mario Romano, Virgilio Evangelista
Summary: This study demonstrates that PDE4 inhibitors can control NETosis in CF-relevant models, showing efficacy in neutrophils from both healthy volunteers and CF patients. In a mouse model of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, aerosol treatment with the selective PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast resulted in reduced free DNA in the BALF along with decreased citrullination of histone H3 in neutrophils in the airways.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Hongqin Wang, Xiaolin Liu, Zijun Jia, Li Liu, Yifei Qi, Qingbing Zhou, Fengqin Xu, Ying Zhang
Summary: This study used bibliometric methods to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the literature on NETosis, revealing that research on NETosis is currently booming. The mechanism of NETosis and its role in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, as well as thrombosis, are the focus of research in this field. Future studies will focus on the function of NETosis in COVID-19 and recurrent metastasis of cancer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Radhakrishna Muttineni, Nagamani Kammili, Thrilok Chander Bingi, Raja M. Rao, Kalyani Putty, Pankaj Singh Dholaniya, Ravi Kumar Puli, Sunitha Pakalapati, S. Saritha, K. Shekar, Mallikarjuna Reddy Doodipala, Amit A. Upadhyay, Steven E. Bosinger, Rama R. Amara, Anand K. Kondapi
Summary: The study reported the clinical profiles of 109 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and the whole genome sequences of 7 virus isolates, indicating the associations between disease severity and comorbidities, blood cell counts, and biochemical indicators. The research also suggested possible transmission pathways of the virus from the Middle East and Europe.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Judith A. Voynow, Meagan Shinbashi
Summary: NE plays a role in chronic inflammatory airway diseases and can affect the airway environment, inducing airway remodeling and disrupting epithelial repair.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Saartje Uyttebroek, Lieven Dupont, Mark Jorissen, Laura Van Gerven
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the burden of CF-related CRS in patients with CF. The results showed a high prevalence of CF-CRS in the cohort, with only a minority of patients having controlled disease. Patients receiving CFTR modulators had significantly lower CT scores and less bacterial colonization.
Article
Respiratory System
Shiqi Li, Chunxiao Yu, Hongyu Jie, Xinai Han, Shujing Zou, Quanguang Tan, Shugeng Luo, Youming Chen, Jinhong Wang
Summary: This study aimed to explore the relationship between the values of neutrophil side fluorescence (NEUT-SFL) in the peripheral blood of bronchiectasis patients and the severity of the disease. The results showed that NEUT-SFL values were positively correlated with disease severity and negatively correlated with lung function in these patients.
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ke Wang, Yue Liao, Xiaoou Li, Ran Wang, Zijian Zeng, Mengxin Cheng, Lijuan Gao, Dan Xu, Fuqiang Wen, Tao Wang, Jun Chen
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global public health challenge caused by significant exposure to noxious agents, especially cigarette smoke. Excessive production of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the airways is associated with the severity of COPD. In this study, the inhibitor GW311616A was found to effectively prevent cigarette smoke-induced NET formation in human neutrophil cells by blocking the nuclear translocation of neutrophil elastase (NE) and subsequent chromatin decondensation. Inhibition of NE also improved lung function and attenuated COPD-related pathological changes in a mouse model.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Transplantation
Marilina Antonelou, Rhys D. R. Evans, Scott R. Henderson, Alan D. Salama
Summary: Crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN) is a group of diseases caused by immune dysregulation and breakdown of self-tolerance to autoantigens. Neutrophils play a crucial role in CGN pathogenesis by generating reactive oxygen species, releasing serine proteases, and forming NETs which can cause tissue damage. Targeting neutrophil degranulation and NETosis may offer a promising therapeutic alternative to glucocorticoid use in managing CGN.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jee Hye Wee, Chanyang Min, Hahn Jin Jung, Min Woo Park, Bumjung Park, Hyo Geun Choi
Summary: This study aimed to compare the risk of pneumonia between patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and those without CRS in a Korean population. The results showed that there was an increased risk of pneumonia in patients diagnosed with CRS.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Rostyslav Bilyy, Quentin Pagneux, Nathan Francois, Galyna Bila, Roman Grytsko, Yuri Lebedin, Alexandre Barras, Jean Dubuisson, Sandrine Belouzard, Karin Seron, Rabah Boukherroub, Sabine Szunerits
Summary: This study introduces a method of antigen conjugation using nanodiamond-based adjuvants to induce immune response through neutrophil-driven self-limiting inflammation. Experimental results demonstrate that the adjuvant is safe and effective, capable of inducing persistent high-level antibodies in animal models.