Article
Cell Biology
Jian Du, Zihui Wang, Xiao Liu, Cecilia Hu, Kevin J. J. Yarema, Xiaofeng Jia
Summary: In this study, metabolic glycoengineering technology is used to enhance the differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) into Schwann cells (SCs). This improvement can potentially contribute to neuronal regeneration and the future use of ASCs in regenerative medicine.
Article
Cell Biology
Silvan Klein, Andreas Siegmund, Andreas Eigenberger, Valerie Hartmann, Felix Langewost, Nicolas Hammer, Alexandra Anker, Konstantin Klein, Christian Morsczeck, Lukas Prantl, Oliver Felthaus
Summary: The study investigated three differentiation protocols for differentiating rat ASCs into specialized SC phenotypes, comparing their expressions of neurotrophins and myelin markers. The results showed diverse expression profiles of differentiated ASCs, with different protocols inducing varying levels of expression of neurotrophins and myelin markers.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mirko Lischer, Pietro G. di Summa, Ilias G. Petrou, Dirk J. Schaefer, Raphael Guzman, Daniel F. Kalbermatten, Srinivas Madduri
Summary: Cell-therapy-based nerve repair strategies show great promise, but there is a lack of research in large animal models. More studies using large animals are needed to better reflect human nerve repair outcomes. This review focuses on stem cell-based nerve repair strategies using large animal models such as pigs, rabbits, dogs, and monkeys, discussing the limitations and strengths of treatment approaches and outcome measurements. The future directions in the field of nerve repair are also discussed. Therefore, this review provides valuable knowledge and insights into nerve repair strategies using cell therapies in large animals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Frederic A. A. Vallejo, Anthony Diaz, Emily L. L. Errante, Taylor Smartz, Aisha Khan, Risset Silvera, Adriana E. E. Brooks, Yee-Shuan Lee, Stephen Shelby Burks, Allan D. D. Levi
Summary: This study systematically evaluated the therapeutic use of Schwann cells (SC) in the repair of peripheral nerve injuries. The results showed that SCs have clear potential in improving morphological and functional outcomes in animal studies of long gap peripheral nerve injuries. However, the optimal nerve conduit or graft for delivering and retaining SCs for nerve regeneration has yet to be determined.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Atsuhiko Okura, Koichi Inoue, Eisuke Sakuma, Hiroshi Takase, Takatoshi Ueki, Mitsuhito Mase
Summary: Schwann cells are crucial for peripheral myelination and the activation of the SGK1 signaling pathway plays a significant role in determining cell fate during nerve injury and repair.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Gonzalo Rosso, Daniel Wehner, Christine Schweitzer, Stephanie Moellmert, Elisabeth Sock, Jochen Guck, Victor Shahin
Summary: Peripheral nerve injuries trigger a reprogramming of mature Schwann cells (SCs) into a repair phenotype that promotes nerve regeneration. SCs exhibit mechanosensitivity to the stiffness of the extracellular matrix, which affects gene expression and neurite outgrowth. The manipulation of SC substrate mechanosensing and neural plasticity may offer potential for designing bioengineered scaffolds that enhance nerve regeneration after injury.
BIOENGINEERING & TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Sophie Charlotte Rhode, Justus Patrick Beier, Tim Ruhl
Summary: After peripheral nerve injury, Schwann cells play a crucial role in promoting nerve regeneration, with adipose tissue stem cells being a potential alternative for tissue reconstruction. These stem cells have the ability to differentiate into various cell types and secrete neurotrophic factors that support nerve growth.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Taotao Hu, Shusen Chang, Fang Qi, Zhonghui Zhang, Jiayin Chen, Lingli Jiang, Dali Wang, Chengliang Deng, Kaiyu Nie, Guangchao Xu, Zairong Wei
Summary: This study investigated the role of exosomes derived from Schwann cell-like cells (SCLCs) in peripheral nerve regeneration. SCLCs-exo significantly enhanced motor function recovery, attenuated muscle atrophy, and facilitated axonal regrowth, myelin formation, and angiogenesis. Furthermore, SCLCs-exo efficiently promoted proliferation and migration of Schwann cells and upregulated the expression of neurotrophic factors, myelin regulators, and myelin proteins.
Review
Cell Biology
Sara Saffari, Tiam M. Saffari, Dietmar J. O. Ulrich, Steven E. R. Hovius, Alexander Y. Shin
Summary: The microenvironment at the site of injury plays a crucial role in altering the degree of nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injury. Stem cells and vascularity are proposed to be important factors in enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration, with stem cells secreting various angiogenic factors and regulating angiogenesis to promote nerve regeneration and vascular expansion.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Sergey O. Solomevich, Carlo M. Oranges, Daniel F. Kalbermatten, Anna Schwendeman, Srinivas Madduri
Summary: Peripheral nerve repair is a serious problem in neurosurgery, with poor clinical outcomes and significant socioeconomic burden. Biodegradable polysaccharides show great potential for improving nerve regeneration. This review focuses on the promising therapeutic strategies involving different types of polysaccharides and their composites for promoting nerve regeneration, highlighting their applications in nerve guidance conduits, hydrogels, nanofibers, and films. The ease of therapeutic implementation, drug release properties, therapeutic outcomes, and future research directions are also discussed.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Elsa Gonzalez-Cubero, Maria Luisa Gonzalez-Fernandez, Maria Rodriguez-Diaz, Marta Palomo-Irigoyen, Ashwin Woodhoo, Vega Villar-Suarez
Summary: The study investigated the therapeutic benefits of adipose tissue derived-mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and ASC-conditioned medium (CM) in promoting myelination and axonal regeneration. Results showed that both ASCs and CM could potentially aid in nerve regeneration, especially in reversing the effects of TNF-induced nerve damage on myelination-related genes and proteins.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Errante, Anthony Diaz, Taylor Smartz, Aisha Khan, Risset Silvera, Adriana E. Brooks, Yee-Shuan Lee, S. Shelby Burks, Allan D. Levi
Summary: Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is common in trauma patients, and severe PNI can be challenging to treat. The use of cell therapies, particularly Schwann cells, has shown effectiveness in PNI treatment. Our laboratory has demonstrated the effectiveness of Schwann cells in the treatment of severe PNI when used with axon guidance channels, but optimal cellular placement techniques are crucial.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Andres Fuentes-Flores, Cristian Geronimo-Olvera, Karina Girardi, David Necunir-Ibarra, Sandip Kumar Patel, Joanna Bons, Megan C. Wright, Daniel Geschwind, Ahmet Hoke, Jose A. Gomez-Sanchez, Birgit Schilling, Daniela L. Rebolledo, Judith Campisi, Felipe A. Court
Summary: Reparative Schwann cells transition into a senescent phenotype in aging and chronic denervation, leading to inhibition of axonal regeneration. Elimination of senescent cells improves nerve regeneration and functional recovery.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose A. Gomez-Sanchez, Nikiben Patel, Fernanda Martirena, Shaline Fazal, Clara Mutschler, Hugo Cabedo
Summary: The peripheral nervous system (PNS) has superior regenerative capacity compared to the central nervous system (CNS). This regenerative ability is attributed to the reprogramming of Schwann cells (SC) into repair Schwann cells, which support axonal growth, myelin degradation, neurotrophic factor secretion, and axonal growth guidance. Epigenetic regulations, particularly histone acetylation and deacetylation, play a crucial role in SC reprogramming and nerve regeneration. This review focuses on Zn2+-dependent histone deacetylases (HDACs) and their importance in repair SC biology and remyelination after PNS injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Qunzhou Zhang, Justin C. Burrell, Jincheng Zeng, Faizan Motiwala, Shihong Shi, D. Kacy Cullen, Anh D. Le
Summary: This study generated gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cell (GMSC)-repopulated nerve protectors and evaluated their therapeutic effects in a crush injury model. The results showed that the Schwann-like cells converted from GMSCs were able to promote functional recovery and axonal regeneration of injured sciatic nerves.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Orthopedics
Ahmed Aljawadi, Amirul Islam, Noman Jahangir, Noman Niazi, Mohammed Elmajee, Adam Reid, Jason Wong, Anand Pillai
Summary: This study demonstrated that low infection rate, high limb salvage rate, and high union rate can be achieved in open Gustilo-Anderson IIIB fractures through meticulous technique, combined Ortho-Plastic (Fix and Flap) approach, and multidisciplinary team input.
ARCHIVES OF ORTHOPAEDIC AND TRAUMA SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Paul Dark, Martin Smith, Harry Ziman, Simon Carley, Fiona Lecky
Summary: The study aimed to objectively evaluate the regional trauma care system's response to a major incident and showed how routinely collected hospital performance data can assess impact on regional healthcare. The data indicated that a pre-rehearsed patient dispersal plan at the incident scene was implemented effectively.
EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luis Oliveros Anerillas, Paul J. Kingham, Mikko J. Lammi, Mikael Wiberg, Peyman Kelk
Summary: Autologous bone transplantation is a common method for reconstructing large bone defects, but has limitations. This study explores the benefits of culturing bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in 3D compared to traditional 2D culture. Findings suggest that type I collagen gels are suitable for 3D osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, potentially enhancing the production of tissue-engineered constructs for bone defect treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Rachel A. Crompton, Helen Williams, Laura Campbell, Lim Hui Kheng, Charis Saville, David M. Ansell, Adam Reid, Jason Wong, Leah A. Vardy, Matthew J. Hardman, Sheena M. Cruickshank
Summary: Nonhealing wounds represent a significant clinical challenge with limited treatment options. This study reveals a previously unknown intrinsic role of epidermal ARG1 in cutaneous wound healing, highlighting the potential of targeting epidermal ARG1 and its downstream mediators as therapeutic strategies for wound repair.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Andrea F. Verre, Alessandro Faroni, Maria Iliut, Claudio H. B. Silva, Cristopher Muryn, Adam J. Reid, Aravind Vijayaraghavan
Summary: Graphene scaffolds have been chemically functionalized to direct stem cell differentiation for potential therapeutic applications in peripheral nerve injuries. Functionalized GO substrates, particularly IKVAV, are more effective in guiding stem cell differentiation towards neuroglial phenotypes compared to standard glass, showing increased neuronal attachment and neurite growth.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vijay Kumar Kuna, Andre Lundgren, Luis Oliveros Anerillas, Peyman Kelk, Maria Brohlin, Mikael Wiberg, Paul J. Kingham, Ludmila N. Novikova, Gustav Andersson, Lev N. Novikov
Summary: In this study, peripheral nerve-derived hydrogels were prepared using different decellularization methods, and their efficacy in nerve regeneration was evaluated. The hydrogel prepared using sodium deoxycholate showed the best preservation of extracellular matrix and support for nerve regeneration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liam A. McMorrow, Adrian Kosalko, Daniel Robinson, Alberto Saiani, Adam J. Reid
Summary: Patients with major peripheral nerve injury have poor recovery outcomes due to slow axonal regeneration and deterioration in the ability of the distal stump to support axonal growth. Schwann cells play a crucial role in nerve regeneration, but chronic denervation leads to instability in their repair phenotype and hinders regeneration support. Recent research on the cellular machinery, particularly the role of c-Jun, has opened opportunities for therapeutic intervention to support prolonged neural regeneration.
Editorial Material
Surgery
Shehan Hettiaratchy, A. J. Reid
JOURNAL OF PLASTIC RECONSTRUCTIVE AND AESTHETIC SURGERY
(2023)
Letter
Surgery
Nikhil Chotai, Jason K. Wong, Adam J. Reid
JOURNAL OF PLASTIC RECONSTRUCTIVE AND AESTHETIC SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Ralph N. A. Murphy, Camille de Schoulepnikoff, Jacky H. C. Chen, Malachy O. Columb, James Bedford, Jason K. Wong, Adam J. Reid
Summary: Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a significant health problem with lifelong impact. Surgical interventions have poor outcomes and there is a lack of high-quality epidemiological data to guide resource allocation and reduce the injury burden.
JOURNAL OF PLASTIC RECONSTRUCTIVE AND AESTHETIC SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Ralph N. A. Murphy, Adam J. Reid, Malachy O. Columb, Siobhan O'Ceallaigh, Jonathan Duncan, Rachel Holt
Summary: This study investigated the sensory reinnervation of autologous breast tissue after free flap reconstruction and its impact on patients' quality of life and nerve-related symptoms. The results showed a significant reduction in breast sensation and quality of life after reconstruction, with delayed procedures having a more pronounced effect than immediate procedures. The study suggests the need for a minimum outcome set to quantify breast sensation and further research on the cost-effectiveness of neurotized autologous breast reconstruction.
JOURNAL OF PLASTIC RECONSTRUCTIVE AND AESTHETIC SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Joshua A. Henry, Almigdad Ali, Ibrahim H. Elkhidir, Adam Reid, Jason Wong, Anand Pillai
Summary: This retrospective study reviewed the outcomes of using adjuvant local antibiotic hydroxyapatite bio-composite in the management of open Gustilo-Anderson IIIB fractures. The results showed a union rate of 96%, a limb salvage rate of 96.3%, and a deep infection rate of 3.7%. The study suggests that the combination of local antibiotic therapy and orthoplastic fix and flap approach can significantly reduce infection rate and improve union and limb salvage rates for Gustilo-Anderson IIIB fractures. Future studies should consider functional and quality of life outcome measures to evaluate the efficacy of this method.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberta Piovesana, Adam J. Reid, Ada Maria Tata
Summary: The communication between neurons and glial cells has been well-documented in various stages of development and disease. Neurotransmitters, especially acetylcholine, play a significant role in regulating the development and physiology of glial cells. This review focuses on the contribution of neurotransmitter receptors, particularly the M2 muscarinic receptor and the alpha 7 nicotinic receptor, in influencing the phenotype and functioning of Schwann cells. Understanding these interactions can help identify potential therapeutic targets for pathological conditions involving glial cells.
Meeting Abstract
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Sergio Oliveira Formoso, Adam J. Reid, Lee A. Fielding
TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Gill Norman, Chunhu Shi, En Lin Goh, Elizabeth M. A. Murphy, Adam Reid, Laura Chiverton, Monica Stankiewicz, Jo C. Dumville
Summary: The use of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) can effectively prevent surgical site infections, reduce mortality, and decrease the occurrence of surgical site infections, however, it may increase the incidence of skin blisters.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2022)
