Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carina Carbia, Thomaz F. S. Bastiaanssen, Luigi Francesco Iannone, Ruben Garcia-Cabrerizo, Serena Boscaini, Kirsten Berding, Conall R. Strain, Gerard Clarke, Catherine Stanton, Timothy G. Dinan, John F. Cryan
Summary: This study investigated the effects of alcohol consumption on the gut microbiome and its association with social cognition, impulsivity, and craving. The results showed that binge drinking was associated with changes in the microbiome and difficulties in emotional recognition. Craving was strongly linked to alterations in the microbiome over time. These findings highlight the role of the gut microbiome as a regulator of social cognition and its relevance for addressing early alcohol-related issues during adolescence.
Article
Microbiology
Yao Zhu, Ying Li, Qiang Zhang, Yuanjian Song, Liang Wang, Zuobin Zhu
Summary: Many studies have shown that alterations in gut microbiome composition are associated with neurological disorders. Neural mitochondrial dysfunction is considered a critical factor in the onset and progress of these disorders. This study proposes a new perspective on the interaction between gut microbiota and neural mitochondria.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sidhanth Chandra, Antonio Di Meco, Hemraj B. Dodiya, Jelena Popovic, Leah K. Cuddy, Ian Q. Weigle, Xiaoqiong Zhang, Katherine Sadleir, Sangram S. Sisodia, Robert Vassar
Summary: In this study, the researchers found that antibiotic treatment alters the gut microbiome and reduces amyloid beta plaques and proinflammatory microglial phenotype in male APPPS1-21 mice. However, the effect of this alteration on astrocytes and astrocyte-microglia communication in the context of amyloidosis has not been examined.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Henry T. Darch, Michael K. Collins, Kenneth J. O'Riordan, John F. Cryan
Summary: Germ-free mice show significant alterations in the electrophysiological properties of hippocampal plasticity, specifically in male germ-free slices. This suggests the absence of a microbiome can impact dendritic signaling integration in the CA1 region of the brain.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michelle A. Chernikova, Genesis D. Flores, Emily Kilroy, Jennifer S. Labus, Emeran A. Mayer, Lisa Aziz-Zadeh
Summary: There is a need for further research on the mechanisms underlying the relationship between gut microbiota, brain function, social behavior, and ASD development, particularly in individuals with gastrointestinal issues. By exploring the potential role of microbiota-targeted therapies in ASD, there is a possibility of informing new treatments aimed at modulating the gut microbiome system and alleviating behavioral and physiological symptoms in individuals with ASD.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kunal Dixit, Diptaraj Chaudhari, Dhiraj Dhotre, Yogesh Shouche, Sunil Saroj
Summary: The human microbiome is a complex and dynamic ecosystem, with dysbiosis leading to various pathological conditions. The gut microbiome starts to develop before birth, influenced by factors such as birth mode, lifestyle, dietary practices, and medications. Restoring the dysbiotic microbiome has shown promise as a therapeutic approach.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Eman A. Mady, Ahmed S. Doghish, Walaa A. El-Dakroury, Samy Y. Elkhawaga, Ahmed Ismail, Hesham A. El-Mahdy, Elsayed G. E. Elsakka, Hussein M. El-Husseiny
Summary: The link between the gut microbiome and health has gained significant interest in using it for medicinal purposes. The early microbiota is more flexible and altering it can have significant consequences on human development. Like genetics, the human microbiota can be passed from mother to child, providing information on early acquisition, future development, and intervention chances. This article discusses the succession and acquisition of early-life microbiota, modifications of maternal microbiota, and efforts to understand maternal-infant microbiota transmission. It also explores possible paths for future research in this area to advance knowledge.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Himanshi Yadav, Jaldhi, Rati Bhardwaj, Anamika, Amrita Bakshi, Suchi Gupta, Shashank Kumar Maurya
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating brain functions and maintaining brain homeostasis. Disturbed gut microbiota has been associated with various neurological diseases, while gut microbiome-derived exosomes have shown potential as therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacological interventions, including antibiotics, prebiotics, and probiotics, can influence the management of neurological diseases mediated by the gut microbiome. However, further research is needed to enhance our understanding of the gut-brain connection and its implications for neurological diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elze R. Timmers, J. Casper Swarte, Ranko Gacesa, Johannes R. Bjoerk, Rinse K. Weersma, Marina A. Tijssen, Tom J. de Koning, Hermie J. M. Harmsen, Klary E. Niezen-Koning
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between gut microbiome and (non-)motor symptoms in dystonia, and finds differences in abundance of certain bacteria and alterations in related neuro-active metabolic pathways. It suggests the involvement of the gut-brain axis in the pathophysiology of dystonia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Xinxiu Liang, Yuanqing Fu, Wen-ting Cao, Zhihong Wang, Ke Zhang, Zengliang Jiang, Xiaofang Jia, Chun-ying Liu, Hong-rou Lin, Haili Zhong, Zelei Miao, Wanglong Gou, Menglei Shuai, Yujing Huang, Shengdi Chen, Bing Zhang, Yu-ming Chen, Ju-Sheng Zheng
Summary: This study investigates the associations between gut microbiome and cognitive impairment and brain structure changes, and reveals that specific gut microbial features may play an important role in dementia development.
TRANSLATIONAL NEURODEGENERATION
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tongtong Ge, Xiaoxiao Yao, Haisheng Zhao, Wei Yang, Xiaohan Zou, Fanzhen Peng, Bingjin Li, Ranji Cui
Summary: Increasing evidence suggests that dysbiosis of gut microbiota may be involved in the physiological mechanisms of neuropsychiatric disorders, but the exact pathways are still unclear. The complex crosstalk between neuroendocrine and immunological regulation may underlie the mechanisms by which gut microbiota are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Qiulian Zhou, Jiali Deng, Xue Pan, Danni Meng, Yujiao Zhu, Yuzheng Bai, Chao Shi, Yi Duan, Tianhui Wang, Xinli Li, Joost P. G. Sluijter, Junjie Xiao
Summary: Exercise training improves cardiac dysfunction post-myocardial infarction (MI) and modulates gut microbiota. Pre-depletion of gut microbiota abolishes the protective effects of exercise training in MI mice. Mice receiving microbiota transplants from exercised MI mice have better cardiac function. The metabolites 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (3-HPA) and 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA) protect cardiac dysfunction and reduce apoptosis through NRF2 pathway.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kirsty J. MacLeod, Kevin D. Kohl, Brian K. Trevelline, Tracy Langkilde
Summary: The gut microbiota of vertebrates can be significantly influenced by stress-related glucocorticoid hormones, with effects varying based on gestational state and stage. Experimental elevation of CORT altered microbiome characteristics, increasing diversity in late-gestation females, and impacting microbial community membership. Contextual factors, such as reproductive stages, play a crucial role in interpreting stress effects on gut microbiota in ecology.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alexander N. Boytar, Tina L. Skinner, Ruby E. Wallen, David G. Jenkins, Marloes Dekker Nitert
Summary: This study systematically reviewed human longitudinal exercise interventions and found that moderate to high-intensity exercise for 30-90 min, at least 3 times per week (or 150-270 min per week) for 8 weeks or more, is likely to produce changes in the gut microbiota. Exercise appears to be effective in modifying the gut microbiota in both clinical and healthy populations. More rigorous methodology is needed for future studies to improve the certainty of the evidence.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sung-Min Won, Ki Kwang Oh, Haripriya Gupta, Raja Ganesan, Satya Priya Sharma, Jin-Ju Jeong, Sang Jun Yoon, Min Kyo Jeong, Byeong Hyun Min, Ji Ye Hyun, Hee Jin Park, Jung A. Eom, Su Been Lee, Min Gi Cha, Goo Hyun Kwon, Mi Ran Choi, Dong Joon Kim, Ki Tae Suk
Summary: This study investigates the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis and focuses on the relationship with the gut microbiota. The study also evaluates clinical studies on microbiome-targeted therapy for improving hepatic encephalopathy patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiaoliang Zhou, Debopriya Chakraborty, Iain A. Murray, Denise Coslo, Zoe Kehs, Anitha Vijay, Carolyn Ton, Dhimant Desai, Shantu G. Amin, Andrew D. Patterson, Gary H. Perdew
Summary: Intestinal homeostasis is maintained through balanced cellular turnover, proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal, but can be influenced by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). The AHR plays a role in small intestinal gene expression and cellular repertoire remodeling, promoting intestinal resilience. Genetic ablation of Ahr impairs lineage commitment and differentiation, while exposure to AHR ligands reverses these effects.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sougat Misra, Tai-Jung Lee, Aswathy Sebastian, John McGuigan, Chang Liao, Imhoi Koo, Andrew D. Patterson, Randall M. Rossi, Molly A. Hall, Istvan Albert, K. Sandeep Prabhu
Summary: Macrophages play a crucial role in inflammation and its resolution. Selenium and selenoproteins, which contain the amino acid selenocysteine, are essential for the functions of macrophages. In this study, the researchers investigated the role of SELENOW, a highly expressed selenoprotein, in inflammation using Selenow knock-out macrophages. The results suggest that SELENOW is involved in redox processes and bioenergetics during inflammation and its resolution.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jonathan A. A. Young, Silvana Duran-Ortiz, Stephen Bell, Kevin Funk, Yuan Tian, Qing Liu, Andrew D. D. Patterson, Edward O. O. List, Darlene E. E. Berryman, John J. J. Kopchick
Summary: Growth hormone (GH) affects protein metabolism and alters circulating levels of glycine and hydroxyproline. GH abnormality, such as increased GH action or GH resistance, leads to changes in amino acid concentrations in plasma and feces. Acute GH treatment decreases liver gene expression of glycine metabolism genes and serum glycine in mice.
Article
Toxicology
Anitha Vijay, Nina R. Boyle, Supriya M. Kumar, Gary H. Perdew, Shanthi Srinivasan, Andrew D. Patterson
Summary: This study investigates the effects of a persistent organic pollutant on the enteric nervous system, finding that it leads to delayed intestinal motility and neuronal damage, thereby affecting gastrointestinal function.
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lulu Sun, Yi Zhang, Jie Cai, Bipin Rimal, Edson R. Rocha, James P. Coleman, Chenran Zhang, Robert G. Nichols, Yuhong Luo, Bora Kim, Yaozong Chen, Kristopher W. Krausz, Curtis C. Harris, Andrew D. Patterson, Zhipeng Zhang, Shogo Takahashi, Frank J. Gonzalez
Summary: Bile salt hydrolase (BSH) in Bacteroides is associated with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) by activating the beta-catenin/CCL28 pathway and promoting the generation of immunosuppressive T-reg cells. Inhibition of BSH activity could slow down CRC progression and serve as a potential target for CRC prevention and treatment.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea C. Wong, Ashwarya S. Devason, Iboro C. Umana, Timothy O. Cox, Lenka Dohnalova, Lev Litichevskiy, Jonathan Perla, Patrick Lundgren, Zienab Etwebi, Luke T. Izzo, Jihee Kim, Monika Tetlak, Helene C. Descamps, Simone L. Park, Stephen Wisser, Aaron D. Mcknight, Ryan D. Pardy, Junwon Kim, Niklas Blank, Shaan Patel, Katharina Thum, Sydney Mason, Jean-Christophe Beltra, Michael F. Michieletto, Shin Foong Ngiow, Brittany M. Miller, Megan J. Liou, Bhoomi Madhu, Oxana Dmitrieva-Posocco, Alex S. Huber, Peter Hewins, Christopher Petucci, Candice P. Chu, Gwen Baraniecki-Zwil, Leila B. Giron, Amy E. Baxter, Allison R. Greenplate, Charlotte Kearns, Kathleen Montone, Leslie A. Litzky, Michael Feldman, Jorge Henao-Mejia, Boris Striepen, Holly Ramage, Kellie A. Jurado, Kathryn E. Wellen, Una O'Doherty, Mohamed Abdel-Mohsen, Alan L. Landay, Ali Keshavarzian, Timothy J. Henrich, Steven G. Deeks, Michael J. Peluso, Nuala J. Meyer, E. John Wherry, Benjamin A. Abramoff, Sara Cherry, Christoph A. Thaiss, Maayan Levy
Summary: Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC, Long COVID) present a significant global health challenge. The underlying causes are still unknown, and effective treatment options have not been identified yet. This study proposes a mechanism that links viral persistence, chronic inflammation, hypercoagulability, and autonomic dysfunction in PASC through serotonin reduction, which impairs hippocampal responses and memory. These findings provide insights for potential therapeutic interventions and offer a possible explanation for the neurocognitive symptoms associated with viral persistence in Long COVID and other post-viral syndromes.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiaoling Chen, Andrew D. Patterson, Gary H. Perdew, Iain A. Murray, Joshua J. Kellogg
Summary: A novel AHR modulator, 2-amino-4-methyl-benzothiazole, was predicted, identified, and characterized in white button mushrooms using a molecular networking approach. Cell-based assays showed that this compound has agonistic activity and upregulates CYP1A1 expression. These findings demonstrate the potential of molecular networking in identifying novel receptor modulators from natural products.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoyang Zhu, Qing Liu, Andrew D. Patterson, Arun K. Sharma, Shantu G. Amin, Samuel M. Cohen, Frank J. Gonzalez, Jeffrey M. Peters
Summary: Long-term ligand activation of PPARa in mice causes hepatocarcinogenesis, while hepatocarcinogenesis is diminished in Ppara-null and PPARA-humanized mice. Lipidomic analyses showed elevated levels of hepatic linoleic acid and overall fatty liver in Ppara-null and PPARA-humanized mice. The accumulation of linoleic acid and loss of CD4+ T cells suggest a new role for PPARa in age-associated hepatocarcinogenesis.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Patrick Lundgren, Prateek V. Sharma, Lenka Dohnalova, Kyle Coleman, Giulia T. Uhr, Susanna Kircher, Lev Litichevskiy, Klaas Bahnsen, Helene C. Descamps, Christina Demetriadou, Jacqueline Chan, Karthikeyani Chellappa, Timothy O. Cox, Yael Heyman, Sarshan R. Pather, Clarissa Shoffler, Christopher Petucci, Ophir Shalem, Arjun Raj, Joseph A. Baur, Nathaniel W. Snyder, Kathryn E. Wellen, Maayan Levy, Patrick Seale, Mingyao Li, Christoph A. Thaiss
Summary: Transient cold exposure leads to sustained transcriptional and metabolic adaptations in brown adipose tissue, improving thermogenic responses to subsequent cold encounters. These adaptations are driven by a lipogenic subpopulation of brown adipocytes located around Ucp1hi adipocytes, and are associated with the production of acylcarnitines.
Article
Oncology
Sangshan Tian, Devendra Paudel, Fuhua Hao, Rabin Neupane, Rita Castro, Andrew D. Patterson, Amit K. Tiwari, K. Sandeep Prabhu, Vishal Singh
Summary: This study reveals that supplementation of diet with refined inulin leads to abnormal succinate accumulation in the intestinal lumen, which contributes to promoting colon inflammation and tumorigenesis.
Article
Cell Biology
Beng San Yeoh, Rachel M. Golonka, Piu Saha, Mrunmayee R. Kandalgaonkar, Yuan Tian, Islam Osman, Andrew D. Patterson, Andrew T. Gewirtz, Bina Joe, Matam Vijay-Kumar
Summary: Congenital portosystemic shunt (PSS) occurs sporadically in C57BL/6 J mice, leading to abnormal serologic, metabolic, and physiologic parameters. To reliably and efficiently identify PSS mice, we explored simple, inexpensive, and noninvasive urine-based screening tests. Metabolome profiling revealed elevated levels of Krebs cycle intermediates in the urine of PSS mice, which we utilized to develop three colorimetric assays: urinary iron-chelation, pH strip, and phenol red assays. These assays provide a feasible and noninvasive method for diagnosing PSS in mice, aiding biomedical research by stratifying PSS mice and minimizing confounding factors.
Article
Neurosciences
Fangcong Dong, Andrew J. Annalora, Iain A. Murray, Yuan Tian, Craig B. Marcus, Andrew D. Patterson, Gary H. Perdew
Summary: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) plays important roles in xenobiotic metabolism, immune function, and tissue homeostasis. The regulation of AHR activity by endogenous ligands is still poorly understood. In this study, we identified and quantified 6 tryptophan metabolites that individually activate AHR in mouse and human serum. These metabolites are not significantly metabolized by CYP1A1/1B1, unlike the potent endogenous AHR ligand 6-formylindolo[3,2b]carbazole. Our results suggest that these tryptophan metabolites may contribute to constitutive but low level systemic AHR activity in humans.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRYPTOPHAN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ethan W. Morgan, Fangcong Dong, Andrew J. Annalora, Iain A. Murray, Trenton Wolfe, Reece Erickson, Krishne Gowda, Shantu G. Amin, Kristina S. Petersen, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Craig B. Marcus, Seth T. Walk, Andrew D. Patterson, Gary H. Perdew
Summary: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand activated transcription factor that regulates various cellular functions. Tryptophan metabolites derived from host and bacterial metabolism act as AHR activators. This study investigates the presence and metabolic source of these metabolites and examines the biological relevance of circulating tryptophan metabolites. The results improve our understanding of homeostatic AHR activity and related diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRYPTOPHAN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alexis Bretin, Jun Zou, Beng San Yeoh, Vu L. Ngo, Shawn Winer, Daniel A. Winer, Lavanya Reddivari, Michael Pellizzon, William A. Walters, Andrew D. Patterson, Ruth Ley, Benoit Chassaing, Matam Vijay-Kumar, Andrew T. Gewirtz
Summary: Psyllium protects against experimental colitis by altering bile acid metabolism and activating FXR, which suppresses pro-inflammatory signaling.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gary H. Perdew, Charlotte Esser, Megan Snyder, David H. Sherr, Ellen H. van den Bogaard, Karen McGovern, Pedro M. Fernandez-Salguero, Xavier Coumoul, Andrew D. Patterson
Summary: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) senses low-molecular-weight molecule signals from environmental exposures, the microbiome, and host metabolism. It plays important roles in host homeostasis, chronic disease development, and responses to toxic insults. Recent research has shown that AHR is a promising target for cancer, metabolic diseases, skin conditions, and autoimmune disease. This meeting aimed to explore the potential therapeutic applications based on our understanding of this receptor.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)