Article
Virology
Alice Zhabokritsky, Rosemarie Clarke, Ron Rosenes, Graham Smith, Mona Loutfy, Nisha Andany, Julian Falutz, Marina Klein, Marianne Harris, Silvia Guillemi, Darrell H. S. Tan, Gordon Arbess, Sharon Walmsley
Summary: The CHANGE HIV study, CTN 314, is a Canadian cohort investigating the health status of older individuals living with HIV. It aims to identify factors influencing healthy aging using the framework of the WHO Aging and Health conceptual framework. The study provides a comprehensive profile of various health domains, determinants, and HIV-specific factors that may affect health in people aging with HIV. The initial data of 353 participants show vulnerabilities such as high prevalence of comorbidities, frailty, and financial insecurity among women.
Review
Neurosciences
S. M. Courtney, T. Hinault
Summary: Brain activity and communication are complex phenomena, but research on temporal dynamics of neural activity is limited. Current studies focus on MEG and EEG to understand the effects of healthy and pathological aging on neural dynamics, with implications for clinical practice and theory. Insights into these dynamics could lead to new theoretical frameworks and biomarker development for age-related cognitive changes.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Tom Behrendt, Robert Bielitzki, Martin Behrens, Oleg S. Glazachev, Lutz Schega
Summary: This study suggests that applying intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic exposure (IHHE) prior to aerobic cycling exercise can be more effective in improving global cognitive functions and physical performance, and preserving functional mobility in geriatric patients, compared to aerobic exercise alone after a 6-week intervention period.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marcio Soto-Anari, Norman Lopez, Claudia Rivera-Fernandez, Veronica Belon-Hercilla, Sara Fernandez-Guinea
Summary: The study found significant correlations between literacy level and cognitive performance, suggesting that literacy may improve executive control factors more effectively than years of education, potentially compensating for and protecting against cognitive decline and dementia.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Andres von Schnehen, Lise Hobeika, Dominique Huvent-Grelle, Severine Samson
Summary: Sensorimotor synchronization (SMS) is an important skill that plays a role not only in keeping rhythm in music production, but also in various interpersonal contexts. Assessing and stimulating SMS abilities is valuable in understanding intra-individual communication in later stages of life and developing effective music-based interventions. Natural tapping speed decreases with age, and regularity and precision may be lower in older adults, especially when synchronizing with slow tempo sequences, potentially due to attention and working memory resources in the prefrontal cortex and parietal areas. The impact of severity and etiology of neurocognitive disorders on sensorimotor abilities is still unclear and further research is needed.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Antonia Aravantinou-Karlatou, Savvato Kavasileiadou, Simeon Panagiotakis, Chariklia Tziraki, Wafa Almegewly, Emmanouil Androulakis, Christos Kleisiaris
Summary: In elderly individuals in Crete, Greece, cognitive dysfunction and mild depression were associated with frailty, while severe depression and comorbidity were not. Higher annual individual income was associated with a lower risk of frailty.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sophia Weiner-Light, Katherine P. Rankin, Serggio Lanata, Katherine L. Possin, Daniel Dohan, Alissa Bernstein Sideman
Summary: This study explored how older Spanish-speaking immigrants conceptualize spirituality in relation to brain health, highlighting themes of gratitude, trusting in God, church community, prayer, and connection with God for maintaining a healthy life. Customized spiritual interventions may enhance brain health promotion efforts.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Maria Louka, Christos Tsagkaris, Panagiotis Christoforou, Andleeb Khan, Filia Alexiou, Panagiota Simou, Ioannis Haranas, Ioannis Gkigkitzis, Georgios Zouganelis, Niraj Kumar Jha, Md Sahab Uddin, Bairong Shen, Mohammad A. Kamal, Ghulam Md Ashraf, Athanasios Alexiou
Summary: Frailty is related to multisystem failure, while geriatric assessment can identify various pathophysiological lesions and age changes. Frailty indexes and scales-biomarkers can be used to study and formulate the relationship between frailty lesions, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment, achieving more effective personalized geriatric management of healthy aging.
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kristen M. George, Paola Gilsanz, Rachel L. Peterson, Lisa L. Barnes, Charles S. DeCarli, Elizabeth Rose Mayeda, Dan M. Mungas, Rachel A. Whitmer
Summary: The study revealed that cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in adolescence, young adulthood, and midlife are associated with late-life cognitive decline, with hypertension and diabetes having negative impacts on executive function and verbal memory.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jasmohan S. Bajaj, Angela Gentili, James B. Wade, Michael Godschalk
Summary: As the world's population ages, diseases that were traditionally associated with younger patients now affect the elderly, including chronic liver disease. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has become the leading cause of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis due to the obesity epidemic. Diagnosing hepatic encephalopathy in elderly patients, a common complication of cirrhosis, presents challenges. This article presents two cases where older patients were misdiagnosed with dementia or Parkinson's disease but were found to have contributions from cirrhosis. Cognitive impairment and tremor resolved with treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Charlotte Oris, Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois, Jeremy Pinguet, Samy Kahouadji, Julie Durif, Vallauris Mesle, Bruno Pereira, Jeannot Schmidt, Vincent Sapin, Damien Bouvier
Summary: This study confirms the impact of age on S100B concentrations in older patients, necessitating an adjustment of the threshold for S100B in management. New more efficient thresholds for different age groups were proposed, showing improvements in specificity and significant increase in reduction of cranial computed tomography scan for older patients, particularly those aged 80 and above.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Suey S. Y. Yeung, Michelle Kwan, Jean Woo
Summary: Diet is a key factor in preventing age-related diseases and maintaining overall good health status. Dietary patterns centered on plant-based foods have a beneficial role in healthy aging. There is a knowledge gap between multidimensional concepts of healthy aging and dietary patterns.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Elias G. Thomas, Hanneke Rhodius-Meester, Lieza Exalto, Sanne A. E. Peters, Liselotte van Bloemendaal, Rudolf Ponds, Majon Muller
Summary: The study found that diabetes is associated with an increased risk of cerebral lacunes, brain atrophy, and impaired cognitive function in women but not in men. This suggests that the impact of diabetes may be greater in women than in men.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Helena Espirito-Santo, Diana Dias-Azedo, Laura Lemos, Alexandra Grasina, Diogo Andrade, Sandra Henriques, Luis Paraiso, Fernanda Daniel
Summary: The study validated the Geriatric Sleep Questionnaire (GSQ) in a sample of older people in Portugal, showing good reliability and effectiveness. The GSQ-6 version with six items demonstrated good predictive and discriminant power in detecting sleep problems.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dorsa Maher, Nagham Ailabouni, Arduino A. Mangoni, Michael D. Wiese, Emily Reeve
Summary: Geriatric syndromes are common health problems in older adults with multifactorial causes. Understanding pharmacokinetic alterations related to aging and geriatric syndromes is crucial for safe and effective medication use in older adults, who are the largest users of medications.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG METABOLISM & TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Horlando Carlota da Silva, Aurelio de Oliveira Monteiro, Francisco Wagner de Queiroz Almeida-Neto, Emanuelle Machado Marinho, Maria Kueirislene Amancio Ferreira, Francisco Rogenio da Silva Mendes, Emmanuel Silva Marinho, Marcia Machado Marinho, Lucas Lima Bezerra, Matheus Nunes da Rocha, Jane Eire Silva Alencar de Menezes, Alexandre Magno Rodrigues Teixeira, Antonio Wlisses da Silva, Emanuela de Lima Reboucas, Francisco das Chagas Lima Pinto, Helcio Silva dos Santos, Gilvandete Maria Pinheiro Santiago
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that has been increasing drastically worldwide. The study found that fisetinidol, a compound obtained from plants, has potential hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective effects, and shares the same inhibitory mechanisms as existing antidiabetic drugs.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Victor Blasco, Francisco M. Pinto, Ainhoa Fernandez-Atucha, Nicolas Prados Dodd, Manuel Fernandez-Sanchez, Luz Candenas
Summary: Neurokinin B and its receptors have a significant role in the regulation of female reproduction. Abnormal expression of these molecules may be associated with decreased fertility in women with infertility, providing new insights for diagnosis and treatment.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Depypere Herman, Vergallo Andrea, Lemercier Pablo, Lista Simone, Benedet Andrea, Ashton Nicholas, Cavedo Enrica, Zetterberg Henrik, Blennow Kaj, Vanmechelen Eugeen, Hampel Harald
Summary: This study suggests that menopause hormonal replacement therapy may have a significant impact on reducing the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, especially for women at genetic risk.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Peter Leo, Manuel Mateo-March, Pedro L. Valenzuela, Xabier Muriel, Alexis Gandia-Soriano, Andrea Giorgi, Mikel Zabala, David Barranco-Gil, Inigo Mujika, Jesus G. Pallares, Alejandro Lucia
Summary: This study found that the torque/cadence relationship varies among road cyclists and is influenced by their performance level and team role. The results suggest that torque development plays a more important role in cycling performance than cadence.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Sylvain Lehmann, Susanna Schraen-Maschke, Jean-Sebastien Vidal, Bernadette Allinquant, Stephanie Bombois, Audrey Gabelle, Olivier Hanon
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Pedro L. Valenzuela, Pedro Carrera-Bastos, Adrian Castillo-Garcia, Daniel E. Lieberman, Alejandro Santos-Lozano, Alejandro Lucia
Summary: This article summarizes the fact that obesity is an evolutionarily novel condition, provides an overview of the epidemiological evidence for its harmful cardiometabolic consequences, discusses the major mechanisms involved in the association between obesity and the risk of cardiometabolic diseases, and examines the evidence for potential 'healthy' phenotypes associated with obesity.
NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christophe Hirtz, Germain U. Busto, Karim Bennys, Jana Kindermans, Sophie Navucet, Laurent Tiers, Simone Lista, Jerome Vialaret, Laure-Anne Gutierrez, Yves Dauvilliers, Claudine Berr, Sylvain Lehmann, Audrey Gabelle
Summary: Blood plasma biomarkers, especially the IPMS-Shim technology, have potential value as a screening tool for early AD patients.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anna Privitera, Vincenzo Cardaci, Dhanushka Weerasekara, Miriam Wissam Saab, Lidia Diolosa, Annamaria Fidilio, Renaud Blaise Jolivet, Giuseppe Lazzarino, Angela Maria Amorini, Massimo Camarda, Susan Marie Lunte, Filippo Caraci, Giuseppe Caruso
Summary: Carnosine is a naturally occurring peptide with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiaggregation properties. It has the potential to treat disorders characterized by oxidative stress and energy unbalance such as depression and Alzheimer's disease. Carnosine can prevent LPS + ATP-induced cell death, oxidative stress, and inflammation, and restore cellular energy metabolism. Therefore, it may be a promising pharmacological tool for neuroinflammatory disorders.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Delfina Janiri, Gaia Sampogna, Umberto Albert, Filippo Caraci, Giovanni Martinotti, Gianluca Serafini, Alfonso Tortorella, Alessandro Zuddas, Andrea Fiorillo, Gabriele Sani
Summary: This study conducted an umbrella review to analyze the efficacy and safety of lithium in mood disorders across different age groups and special clinical conditions. The results showed that lithium may be effective in treating pediatric bipolar disorders and preventing mood episodes during the peripartum period. In addition, it may also be beneficial for elderly individuals with bipolar disorders and treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIPOLAR DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Antonino Messina, Carmen Concerto, Alessandro Rodolico, Antonino Petralia, Filippo Caraci, Maria Salvina Signorelli
Summary: Understanding the pathogenesis of schizophrenia is a challenge in global mental health. Recent clinical studies suggest that microglia hyperactivation and neuroinflammation may play a crucial role in the development of the disease. Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors can cause a shift in microglia activation state, leading to neuronal damage and degeneration. Combining anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective drugs with antipsychotic treatment could be an effective approach for managing schizophrenia.
Article
Pediatrics
Carmen Matey-Rodriguez, Susana Lopez-Ortiz, Saul Penin-Grandes, Jose Pinto-Fraga, Pedro L. Valenzuela, Monica Pico, Carmen Fiuza-Luces, Simone Lista, Alejandro Lucia, Alejandro Santos-Lozano
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the accuracy of Evenson cut-points for estimating moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in children and adolescents with disabilities, as well as to define new equations for estimating energy expenditure (EE) in this population, particularly in those with cerebral palsy (CP). Specific GT3X+ cut-points were also defined for estimating MVPA in individuals with CP. The results indicate that using specific ActiGraph GT3X+ cut-points is accurate for estimating MVPA levels in children and adolescents with disabilities, especially those with CP, at least in laboratory conditions.
Review
Cell Biology
Simone Lista, Raul Gonzalez-Dominguez, Susana Lopez-Ortiz, Alvaro Gonzalez-Dominguez, Hector Menendez, Juan Martin-Hernandez, Alejandro Lucia, Enzo Emanuele, Diego Centonze, Bruno P. Imbimbo, Viviana Triaca, Luana Lionetto, Maurizio Simmaco, Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf, Jericha Mill, Lingjun Li, Mark Mapstone, Alejandro Santos-Lozano, Robert Nistico
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is determined by various pathophysiological mechanisms starting 10-25 years before the onset of clinical symptoms. Metabolomics, a rapidly developing discipline, can detect and quantify hundreds/thousands of perturbed metabolites, reproducing the fluctuations of multiple networks affected by a disease. Metabolomics can help identify potential biomarkers and elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of AD.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Pedro L. Valenzuela, Alejandro Santos-Lozano, Carmen Fiuza-Luces, Alejandro Lucia
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Saul Penin-Grandes, Susana Lopez-Ortiz, Sergio Maroto-Izquierdo, Hector Menendez, Jose Pinto-Fraga, Juan Martin-Hernandez, Simone Lista, Alejandro Lucia, Alejandro Santos-Lozano
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the effects of regular exercise in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) by summarizing published meta-analyses. The review finds that exercise has a positive impact on functional parameters and health-related quality of life in PAD patients. Supervised aerobic exercise is particularly effective in improving walking-related outcomes and pain, while resistance exercise is more effective for improving lower limb strength.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Salvatore Maugeri, Jay Sibbitts, Anna Privitera, Vincenzo Cardaci, Lucia Di Pietro, Loredana Leggio, Nunzio Iraci, Susan M. Lunte, Giuseppe Caruso
Summary: Carnosine, an endogenous dipeptide composed of beta-alanine and L-histidine, possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and other pharmacological activities. It has shown potential as an anti-cancer agent, particularly against breast cancer. However, more studies are needed to fully understand its anti-tumor activity in the context of breast cancer.