Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Zhaoyan Tian, Yafeng Wu, Fengying Shao, Dezhi Tang, Xiang Qin, Chenchen Wang, Songqin Liu
Summary: An integrated microfluidic system was designed for real-time monitoring of glycan expression on the surface of single tumor cells, achieving a level of 5.0 x 10^8 molecules per cell. This platform has the capability to distinguish single cancer cells from normal cells based on the expression level of glycans, providing a simple and accessible method for single-cell analysis.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Agustin Maceda, Teresa Terrazas
Summary: Various methods for analyzing lignin autofluorescence have been developed, including fluorescence microscopy and other semi-quantitative methods, which efficiently characterize lignin. These methods can be used to analyze the transport of lignin monomers, distribution of lignin types in different plant tissues, changes in wood degradation, and purity of cellulose nanofibers in lignocellulosic biomass.
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Irene Georgakoudi, Kyle P. Quinn
Summary: In the past fifty years, the autofluorescence of NADH and FAD has been studied in various cell types and diseases. With the advancement of nonlinear optical microscopy in biomedical research, NADH and FAD imaging provides a noninvasive method to monitor cell and tissue status and understand dynamic changes in metabolism. Different tools and methods have been developed to measure the properties of NADH and FAD autofluorescence, but further work is needed to fully understand metabolism. This article discusses the current understanding of our optical sensitivity to metabolic pathways and the challenges in the field.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Caio Vaz Rimoli, Cesar Augusto Valades-Cruz, Valentina Curcio, Manos Mavrakis, Sophie Brasselet
Summary: Single-molecule localization microscopy does not provide orientation information of proteins in cells. The authors propose a method called 4polar-STORM combining STORM with four-polarisation image splitting to measure single molecule orientation and wobbling in cells.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Bailey C. Buchanan, Jeong-Yeol Yoon
Summary: This review provides an overview of various imaging methods that can be used to image organ-on-a-chip platforms, including transillumination imaging, fluorescence imaging, and smartphone-based imaging. Compared to conventional microfluidic devices, the use of microscopic imaging methods on OOC platforms is relatively limited, with some methods rarely used for OOC imaging.
Article
Optics
Qianyi Wu, Junxiao Zhou, Xinyu Chen, Junxiang Zhao, Ming Lei, Guanghao Chen, Yu-Hwa Lo, Zhaowei Liu
Summary: A single-shot quantitative amplitude and phase imaging (QAPI) method is proposed by inserting a pair of all-dielectric geometric phase metasurfaces into a traditional microscope. The metasurface pair splits a linearly polarized incident beam into two circularly polarized components and deflects them back toward their initial directions. The interference of the laterally displaced replicas of the input object formed by the metasurface pair generates a retardance image, from which the amplitude and phase information of the object can be reconstructed using a polarized camera.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nazar Oleksiievets, Christeena Mathew, Jan Christoph Thiele, Jose Ignacio Gallea, Oleksii Nevskyi, Ingo Gregor, Andre Weber, Roman Tsukanov, Joerg Enderlein
Summary: This study compares the performance of wide-field and confocal FL-SMLM techniques in different spectral regions and provides practical advice.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chenfei Hu, Shenghua He, Young Jae Lee, Yuchen He, Edward M. Kong, Hua Li, Mark A. Anastasio, Gabriel Popescu
Summary: The study introduces a method for assessing cell viability without the need for labeling, utilizing deep learning techniques combined with quantitative phase imaging to accurately determine cell survival status without causing damage to the cells.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaofei Shi, Siming Zhao, Fei Wang, Qinyuan Jiang, Chenhao Zhan, Run Li, Rufan Zhang
Summary: Direct visualization and imaging of nanomaterials under ambient conditions is important for their characterization and application. Optical microscopes are more convenient than electron microscopes, but have lower resolution. Effective imaging strategies are needed for accurate location and manipulation of nanomaterials.
NANOSCALE ADVANCES
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hana Kolesova, Veronika Olejnickova, Alena Kvasilova, Martina Gregorovicova, David Sedmera
Summary: This review focuses on different tissue clearing methods for 3D imaging of heart and vasculature, based on chemical composition, compatibility with visualization methods, myocardium visualization, tissue shrinking and expansion, imaging methods used to study cardiovascular system, heart and vessels segmentation methods, and image analysis.
Review
Plant Sciences
Mathilde Heriche, Christine Arnould, Daniel Wipf, Pierre-Emmanuel Courty
Summary: Understanding plant organ structure and physiology requires high-resolution 3D imaging, but plant tissues are opaque to light, making it difficult to study them using optical microscopes. Over the past 20 years, progress has been made in developing plant clearing protocols (CPs) through an improved classification system based on their physical and optical parameters. Combining CPs with new microscopy methods is a successful approach with promising future applications in plant science research.
TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Vinayak Juvekar, Hyo Won Lee, Dong Joon Lee, Hwan Myung Kim
Summary: Two-photon microscopy is an important tool for deep-tissue imaging, providing high-resolution fluorescence images beyond millimeter depths. Recent research has focused on developing innovative strategies and probes for quantitative analysis using two-photon fluorescence.
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Aric Bitton, Jesus Sambrano, Samantha Valentino, Jessica P. Houston
Summary: Fluorescence has intrinsic properties of lifetime and anisotropy in addition to spectral qualities, each with unique advantages, limitations, and challenges in biological studies. This review focuses on fluorescence lifetime, providing background on instrumentation and theory, and examining recent advancements and applications in high-throughput fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy and time-resolved flow cytometry, as well as discussing their crossover and outlooks.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Franziska Weigl, Carina Blum, Ana Sancho, Juergen Groll
Summary: In recent decades, hybrid characterization systems have become important in cellular biomechanics research. This paper introduces a multifunctional device that combines Fluorescence Microscopy (FL) with FluidFM technology, allowing for real-time optical tracking of cell detachment processes while acquiring force-distance curves simultaneously.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ilaria De Santis, Michele Zanoni, Chiara Arienti, Alessandro Bevilacqua, Anna Tesei
Summary: This study proposes a method that reinforces the association of each pixel position with surrounding information to resolve subcellular structures location and improve the accuracy of signal mapping.
Article
Immunology
Michael Jager, Stefanie Dichtl, Rosa Bellmann-Weiler, Markus Reindl, Cornelia Lass-Florl, Doris Wilflingseder, Wilfried Posch
Summary: The study found that immunity to Omicron variants wanes over time in individuals vaccinated with ChAdOx1, BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273 vaccines. The strongest neutralization and T-cell response against Omicron BA.1 were detected in ChAdOx1 vaccinees 6 months after the second dose, but no long-lasting neutralization against BA.2 was observed.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Celina Eckfeld, Benjamin Schoeps, Daniel Haeussler, Julian Fraedrich, Felix Bayerl, Jan Philipp Boettcher, Percy Knolle, Simone Heisz, Olga Prokopchuk, Hans Hauner, Enkhtsetseg Munkhbaatar, Ihsan Ekin Demir, Chris D. Hermann, Achim Krueger
Summary: The study reveals that TIMP-1 interacts with APP family members and triggers monocyte activation, leading to proinflammatory cytokine expression. This mechanism is confirmed in clinical cancer samples and suggests that TIMP-1 can be a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Magdalena Lerch, Kathrin Schanda, Eliott Lafon, Reinhard Wuerzner, Sara Mariotto, Alessandro Dinoto, Eva Maria Wendel, Christian Lechner, Harald Hegen, Kevin Rostasy, Thomas Berger, Doris Wilflingseder, Romana Hoeftberger, Markus Reindl
Summary: This study aimed to investigate complement-mediated cytotoxicity induced by IgG anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-IgG) and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-IgG) in serum samples from patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and MOG-IgG-associated disease (MOGAD). Cell-based assays were used to measure complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and formation of the terminal complement complex (TCC) in response to the antibodies. Results showed that AQP4-IgG induced higher CDC and TCC levels compared to MOG-IgG.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Stefanie Dichtl, Gabriel Diem, Michael Jaeger, Viktoria Zaderer, Gaia Lupoli, Christopher Daechert, Maximilian Muenchhoff, Alexander Graf, Helmut Blum, Oliver T. Keppler, Cornelia Lass-Floerl, Guenter Weiss, Doris Wilflingseder, Wilfried Posch
Summary: The efficacy of monoclonal antibody therapies and antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants BA.4/BA.5, BF.7, and BQ.1.1 was examined. It was found that Molnupiravir, Nirmatrelvir, and Remdesivir efficiently inhibit the replication of these variants, while Cilgavimab had inhibitory effects on certain variants. Different treatment approaches also had varying effects on tissue inflammation levels. Overall, the study provides important insights into the efficacy of different treatments against Omicron variants.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Felix Bayerl, Philippa Meiser, Sainitin Donakonda, Anna Hirschberger, Sebastian B. Lacher, Anna-Marie Pedde, Chris D. Hermann, Anais Elewaut, Moritz Knolle, Lukas Ramsauer, Thomas J. Rudolph, Simon Grassmann, Rupert Oellinger, Nicole Kirchhammer, Marcel Trefny, Martina Anton, Dirk Wohlleber, Bastian Hoechst, Anne Zaremba, Achim Krueger, Roland Rad, Anna C. Obenauf, Dirk Schadendorf, Alfred Zippelius, Veit R. Buchholz, Barbara U. Schraml, Jan P. Boettcher
Summary: Tumor-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) induces dysfunction in conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s), impairing anti-cancer CD8+ T cell responses, and this dysfunction is associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
H. Schoebel, G. Diem, J. Kiechl, D. Chiste, G. Bertacchi, A. Mayr, D. Wilflingsederb, C. Lass-Floerl, W. Posch
Summary: This study evaluated the antimicrobial efficacy of UV-C LEDs on various microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses. The results showed that short-wavelength UV-C LEDs can effectively inactivate bacteria and enveloped and non-enveloped viruses when exposed to the appropriate UV dose. However, the availability and production costs of shortwave UV-C LEDs currently restrict their implementation.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Michael Jaeger, Gabriel Diem, Sabina Sahanic, Vilmos Fux, Andrea Griesmacher, Cornelia Lass-Floerl, Doris Wilflingseder, Ivan Tancevski, Wilfried Posch
Summary: In this study, the effectiveness of heterologous and homologous booster vaccination was compared. It was found that individuals who received two doses of the vaccine and had previous infection showed the strongest immunity against the Omicron BA.2 and BA.4/5 variants, followed by those who received heterologous and homologous booster vaccines.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Luise Rupp, Antonia Resag, Vlatko Potkrajcic, Verena Warm, Rebekka Wehner, Korinna Joehrens, Hans Boesmueller, Franziska Eckert, Marc Schmitz
Summary: Soft tissue sarcomas are a diverse group of tumors originating from mesenchymal tissue. The tumor immune microenvironment plays a crucial role in determining the clinical outcome and response to therapy. Analysis of lymphocytes and tertiary lymphoid structures in tumor tissues can predict the survival rate and response to checkpoint inhibitor treatment in STS patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
David Digomann, Johannes Strack, Max Heiduk, Ioana Plesca, Luise Rupp, Charlotte Reiche, Simone Nicolaus, Carolin Beer, Ulrich Sommer, Marc Schmitz, Marius Distler, Juergen Weitz, Adrian M. Seifert, Lena Seifert
Summary: This study found that increased expression of VISTA in pancreatic tumor cells is associated with decreased overall survival. Immune cells also express VISTA, and interaction with tumor cells further enhances their VISTA expression. Recombinant VISTA inhibits proinflammatory T-cell function and cytokine production. VISTA blockade results in decreased tumor weights in an orthotopic PDAC mouse model.
Article
Microbiology
Gabriel Diem, Michael Jaeger, Stefanie Dichtl, Angelika Bauer, Cornelia Lass-Floerl, Markus Reindl, Doris Wilflingseder, Wilfried Posch
Summary: This study investigated the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants in vaccinated and/or convalescent individuals. The results showed that current COVID-19 vaccines induce strong humoral immunity, but the neutralizing effectiveness against novel variants is reduced. Therefore, it is suggested to adjust the vaccine strategy to include mucosal booster vaccinations to establish robust immunity against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Elvira Mass, Falk Nimmerjahn, Katrin Kierdorf, Andreas Schlitzer
Summary: Macrophages play important roles in host immunity, waste clearance, metabolism regulation, and neuronal functions. They form a 3D network in tissues and phagocytose dying cells, immune complexes, bacteria, and waste products, while also producing growth factors and signaling molecules. Macrophages are involved in physiological processes such as blood vessel formation, adipogenesis, metabolism, and neuronal function. Different tissue-specific macrophage populations have distinct developmental trajectories, transcriptional programs, and life cycles.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)