Article
Critical Care Medicine
Yue Hu, Burcu Seker, Carina Exner, Junping Zhang, Nikolaus Plesnila, Susanne M. Schwarzmaier
Summary: This study visualized the full time course of vascular leakage after traumatic brain injury (TBI) using in vivo 2-photon microscopy. The results showed a biphasic pattern of vascular leakage, indicating acute and delayed mechanisms. Further studies are needed to explore these mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies in more detail.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
James R. Mester, Paolo Bazzigaluppi, Adrienne Dorr, Tina Beckett, Matthew Burke, JoAnne McLaurin, John G. Sled, Bojana Stefanovic
Summary: The study showed that repeated mTBI leads to significant changes in the neurovascular unit function, and these alterations can be prevented by attenuating tonic inhibition. The chronic, low dose administration of a GABA-A receptor inverse agonist was effective in preventing alterations in neuronal and vascular functioning.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dongyu Li, Hequn Zhang, Lina L. Streich, Yalun Wang, Ping Lu, Ling Wang, Robert Prevedel, Jun Qian
Summary: The use of organic AIE nanoparticles with high absorption cross-section has enabled ultra-deep NIR-IIa excited three-photon imaging in the in vivo mouse brain.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Chanon Srihagulang, Jirapong Vongsfak, Tanat Vaniyapong, Nipon Chattipakorn, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
Summary: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide, characterized by immediate neuronal destruction and secondary brain injury mechanisms. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) shows potential for neuroprotection in TBI through various mechanisms, providing beneficial effects in animal models and patients. Further research is needed to fully understand the therapeutic potential of VNS in treating TBI.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sophie Samuel, Carlton Menchaca, Aaron M. Gusdon
Summary: Currently, there is no consensus guideline for initiating anticoagulation in patients with a traumatic or vascular brain injury. This study compared the clinical outcomes of early versus late initiation of therapeutic anticoagulation in patients with VTE. The results showed that early initiation of anticoagulation did not worsen clinical outcomes.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND THROMBOLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Nirbhay Kumar Prabhakar, Heena Khan, Amarjot Kaur Grewal, Thakur Gurjeet Singh
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. Efforts to find neuroprotective therapeutics for TBI have not yielded beneficial outcomes in human clinical trials. Neuroinflammation and the immune system could be potential targets for TBI treatment.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Feifei Wang, Fuqiang Ren, Zhuoran Ma, Liangqiong Qu, Ronan Gourgues, Chun Xu, Ani Baghdasaryan, Jiachen Li, Iman Esmaeil Zadeh, Johannes W. N. Los, Andreas Fognini, Jessie Qin-Dregely, Hongjie Dai
Summary: By studying light scattering and utilizing new materials technology, the imaging depth of high-resolution optical microscopy in live mammals can be improved. This study demonstrates single-photon excitation fluorescence imaging in the NIR-IIc range, achieving the longest single-photon excitation and emission wavelengths to date for in vivo imaging of mice.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Nitty Skariah Mathews, Yuko Suzuki, Naoki Honkura, Hideto Sano, Toshihide Iwashita, Tetsumei Urano
Summary: The study found that the carboxypeptidase inhibitor from potato tuber (PTCI) can enhance the thrombolytic effect of rt-PA in acute thrombotic events. Early administration of PTCI can expedite the process of clot lysis, suggesting a potential adjunct role in thrombolysis therapy.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lauren Harris, Dominic Townsend, Rose Ingleton, Alice Kershberg, Chris Uff, Philip J. O'Halloran, Curtis Offiah, Grainne S. McKenna
Summary: This study investigated traumatic venous sinus thrombosis (VST) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury, identifying factors like age, skull fractures, cerebral contusions, tSAH, raised ICP, and surgical intervention as strongly associated with outcomes. Management varied and the use of anticoagulation did not show significant impact on outcomes. Larger prospective studies are needed for better understanding and evidence-based guidelines.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Igor Khalin, Nagappanpillai Adarsh, Martina Schifferer, Antonia Wehn, Bernhard Groschup, Thomas Misgeld, Andrey Klymchenko, Nikolaus Plesnila
Summary: The study investigates the distribution of lipid nano-emulsion droplets in the mouse brain after traumatic brain injury, revealing that microvascular occlusions serve as gates for the transport of nanocarriers across the blood-brain barrier. Through in vivo imaging, it was found that LNDs of both 30nm and 80nm sizes accumulate at vascular occlusions after TBI, with the smaller 30nm particles able to cross into the brain parenchyma and reach neurons.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shengliang Li, Xiangquan Deng, Hui Cheng, Xiaozhen Li, Yingpeng Wan, Chen Cao, Jie Yu, Ying Liu, Yi Yuan, Ke Wang, Chun-Sing Lee
Summary: Researchers have developed a designed and synthesized fluorescent molecule (OFET) for in vivo mouse brain imaging using three-photon microscopy. The OFET molecule, integrated as water dispersible nanoparticles (OFET NPs), has high fluorescence brightness and maximum emission at 820 nm. Under 1720 nm excitation, OFET NPs exhibit a large three-photon action crosssection, more than twice that of commonly used SR101 dye. With the advantages of long excitation and emission wavelength, and high tissue penetration depth, OFET NPs show good deep-brain imaging performance.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maryam Kia, Rajeet Singh Saluja, Judith Marcoux
Summary: Resuming anticoagulation after traumatic subdural hematoma (SDH) has completely resolved can reduce the risk of re-hemorrhage. However, restarting anticoagulation while SDH is still present increases the risk of re-hemorrhage. The risk of re-hemorrhage is even higher if the residual SDH is large.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Anesthesiology
Ireana C. Ng, Christopher Barnes, Subarna Biswas, David Wright, Arman Dagal
Summary: The timing to resume or initiate anticoagulation therapy following traumatic brain injury is controversial, and individual evaluation is needed to determine when to start anticoagulation. The use of anticoagulants in elderly patients increases the risk of rebleeding, making the decision on when to restart anticoagulation more complex.
CURRENT OPINION IN ANESTHESIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hannah Mason, Ganesha Rai, Arina Kozyr, Nathaniel De Jonge, Emily Gliniewicz, Lars J. Berg, Gal Wald, Cayce Dorrier, Mark J. Henderson, Alexey Zakharov, Tristan Dyson, John Audley, Anthony M. Pettinato, Elias Carvalho Padilha, Pranav Shah, Xin Xu, Thomas L. Leto, Anton Simeonov, Kol A. Zarember, Dorian B. McGavern, John I. Gallin
Summary: NADPH oxidases (NOX's) and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) they produce are involved in various physiological processes, but excessive ROS production is associated with several diseases. In this study, a small molecule inhibitor, NCATS-SM7270, was developed and shown to specifically inhibit NOX2 activity in human and mouse granulocytes. The role of different NOX isoforms in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) was investigated, and it was found that NOX2 deficiency provided protection against mTBI pathology, while NOX4 deficiency exacerbated the injury. Treatment of mice with NCATS-SM7270 after mTBI reduced cortical cell death in a dose-dependent manner, and also partially reversed cortical damage in NOX4-deficient mice. These findings highlight the potential of NCATS-SM7270 as a specific inhibitor of NOX2 in protecting against NOX2-dependent cell death in mTBI.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nao Shibuya, Takahide Itokazu, Tsubasa Ueda, Toshihide Yamashita
Summary: In this study, the behavior of recruited neutrophils in the peri-infarct area after stroke was investigated using intravital imaging. Colchicine and an anti-P-selectin antibody were found to be effective in inhibiting neutrophil attachment and infiltration, with colchicine showing potential as a therapeutic strategy for acute ischemic stroke.
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Maria Papathanasiou, Lukas Kessler, Alexander Carpinteiro, Tim Hagenacker, Felix Nensa, Lale Umutlu, Michael Forsting, Alexandra Brainman, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Gerald Antoch, Ulrich Duhrsen, Thomas-Wilfried Schlosser, Ken Herrmann, Tienush Rassaf, Peter Luedike, Christoph Rischpler
Summary: Bone-tracer scintigraphy has an established role in diagnosing cardiac amyloidosis (CA) to detect transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR), while PET with amyloid tracers has shown high sensitivity for both ATTR and light-chain (AL) CA. However, this study found low sensitivity of PET for CA, despite supporting protein-independent binding in the results.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael Fleischer, Bayram Coskun, Benjamin Stolte, Adela Della-Marina, Heike Koelbel, Hildegard Lax, Michael Nonnemacher, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Ulrike Schara-Schmidt, Tim Hagenacker
Summary: The Essen transition model aims to improve healthcare and quality of life in young adults with neuromuscular diseases. It combines the therapeutic effort of different specialist disciplines through standardized procedures, joint consultations, interdisciplinary conferences, and a transitional database, providing complex care for patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Simon F. De Meyer, Friederike Langhauser, Steffen Haupeltshofer, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Ana Casas
Summary: Despite years of research, ischemic stroke remains a major cause of death and disability globally. Thrombosis and inflammation are key factors in stroke, and this review provides an overview of recent studies on therapies currently undergoing clinical trials.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Tsepo Goerttler, Letizia Zanetti, Maria Regoni, Karl Egger, Elias Kellner, Cornelius Deuschl, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Jenny Sassone, Stephan Klebe
Summary: In this case study, a new GFAP gene mutation causing adult-onset Alexander disease (AOAD) was identified. It is recommended to include AOAD in the diagnostic workup for adult patients with gait ataxia and cerebellar and bulbar symptoms in association with traumatic head injury.
NEUROLOGY-GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sven G. Meuth, Antonios Bayas, Boris Kallmann, Ralf Linker, Peter Rieckmann, Mike P. Wattjes, Mathias Maeurer, Christoph Kleinschnitz
Summary: Oral cladribine is an effective therapy for relapsing multiple sclerosis. Continuous monitoring of disease activity is important for managing patients beyond year 4, and treatment decisions should be based on clinical and radiological evaluation.
EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Leoni Rolfes, Steffen Pfeuffer, Jelena Skuljec, Xia He, Chuanxin Su, Sinem-Hilal Oezalp, Marc Pawlitzki, Tobias Ruck, Melanie Korsen, Konstanze Kleinschnitz, Derya Aslan, Tim Hagenacker, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Sven G. Meuth, Refik Pul
Summary: Cladribine-treated MS patients can mount an adequate immune response to influenza independently of treatment duration and time interval to the last cladribine administration. The antibody response against influenza A was comparable between cladribine-treated patients and controls, while the response against influenza B was lower in the cladribine cohort. The increase in geometric mean titers was also lower in the cladribine group compared to controls, but titers increased in both groups for all strains.
Article
Microbiology
Hedda Luise Verhasselt, Elakiya Ramakrishnan, Melina Schlag, Julian R. Marchesi, Jan Buer, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Tim Hagenacker, Andreas Totzeck
Summary: The fungal microbiome in the intestines of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) was found to be similar to that of patients with non-inflammatory neurological disorders (NIND), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), and healthy volunteers. However, due to incomplete data, further analysis and conclusions are limited.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael K. Schuhmann, Friederike Langhauser, Lena Zimmermann, Maximilian Bellut, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Felix Fluri
Summary: The study found that DMF treatment can reduce infarct volume and brain edema after stroke, and attenuate lymphocyte infiltration, thus mitigating immune cell-driven damage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Julian Schwarting, Katrin Nehrkorn, Biyan N. N. Harapan, Matilde Balbi, Nicole A. A. Terpolilli, Nikolaus Plesnila
Summary: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) leads to reduced cerebral blood flow and cortical infarcts, but the role of pericytes in this process is not well understood. This study found that pericytes do not contribute to capillary constriction after SAH, suggesting that other mechanisms may be involved.
Article
Oncology
Jonas Feldheim, Teresa Schmidt, Christoph Oster, Julia Feldheim, Martin Stuschke, Walter Stummer, Oliver Grauer, Bjoern Scheffler, Carsten Hagemann, Ulrich Sure, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Lazaros Lazaridis, Sied Kebir, Martin Glas
Summary: To minimize the risk of infections during the COVID-19 pandemic, remote video consultations have become popular in medical fields. However, telemedicine in neuro-oncology presents unique challenges and opportunities. This study analyzed over 3700 neuro-oncological consultations, including more than 300 video consultations, to understand the differences between patient groups and evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of video consultations. Patients who opted for video consultations had worse clinical conditions, higher malignancy grades, were diagnosed more frequently with glioblastoma, and traveled longer distances.
Article
Cell Biology
Markus Leo, Linda-Isabell Schmitt, Fabian Mairinger, Andreas Roos, Christina Hansmann, Stefanie Hezel, Jelena Skuljec, Refik Pul, Ulrike Schara-Schmidt, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Tim Hagenacker
Summary: This study analyzed serum samples of late-onset SMA patients before and after treatment with nusinersen using high-throughput nCounter NanoString technology. Four genes were found to have significantly altered transcript counts in the serum of patients, and these alterations were associated with SMA subtype and treatment response.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jordi Kuehne Escola, Bessime Bozkurt, Bastian Brune, Woon Hyung Chae, Lennart Steffen Milles, Doreen Pommeranz, Lena Brune, Philipp Dammann, Ulrich Sure, Cornelius Deuschl, Michael Forsting, Clemens Kill, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Martin Koehrmann, Benedikt Frank
Summary: Stroke mimics are common in the emergency department, and early detection is crucial for initiating appropriate treatment. This study compared the frequency, clinical characteristics, and predictors of non-neurological and neurological stroke mimics in patients with suspected stroke. The results highlighted the importance of awareness of underlying etiologies and differences in clinical characteristics for optimal care.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Cong Wang, Caixia Lin, Yue Zhao, Montana Samantzis, Petra Sedlak, Pankaj Sah, Matilde Balbi
Summary: The study investigates the relationship between evoked gamma oscillations and neuroprotection after stroke using optogenetic stimulation. The results show that 40 Hz stimulation drives activity in interneurons and phase-locked activity in principal neurons, leading to increased cross-frequency coupling. Furthermore, the stimulation enhances interregional communication and rescues functional synaptic plasticity after stroke. These findings suggest that restoration of cortical dynamics may confer neuroprotection after stroke.
Review
Oncology
Christoph Oster, Teresa Schmidt, Sarina Agkatsev, Lazaros Lazaridis, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Ulrich Sure, Bjorn Scheffler, Sied Kebir, Martin Glas
Summary: This study analyzed phase III clinical trials for glioblastoma conducted since 2005, revealing that the majority of trials did not result in significant improvement in overall survival. Only the EORTC/NCIC, EF-14, and CeTeG studies showed positive outcomes in terms of overall survival in the younger cohort.
NEURO-ONCOLOGY ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jordi Kuehne Escola, Cornelius Deuschl, Andreas Junker, Fabian Dusse, Refik Pul, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Martin Koehrmann, Benedikt Frank
Summary: We report a rare case of autoimmune disorder following COVID-19 vaccination, presenting with symptoms similar to bacterial meningomyelitis. The patient showed significant clinical improvement with appropriate treatment.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
(2022)
