Article
Immunology
Jonas Leinweber, Daniella M. Mizurini, Ivo M. B. Francischetti, Michael Fleischer, Dirk M. Hermann, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Friederike Langhauser
Summary: Recent research has shown that agaphelin has multiple antithrombotic effects and is protective in ischemic stroke. This protection is characterized by smaller infarct volume, reduced neurological deficits, and decreased animal mortality. Importantly, the protective effect of agaphelin does not increase the risk of intracerebral bleeding.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elias Rawish, Harald F. Langer
Summary: P2X receptors are a family of cation channel proteins that respond to extracellular ATP. Recent research suggests that targeting purinergic receptors may provide a novel therapeutic approach for neurological diseases. This review explores the role of platelets and purinergic signaling in these conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Danyang Meng, Man Luo, Beibei Liu
Summary: CLEC-2, expressed on platelets and immune cells, plays a crucial role in infection and immunity, participating in processes such as thromboinflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Xingzhi Wang, Shenyang Zhang, Bingchen Lv, Hao Chen, Wei Zhang, Liguo Dong, Lei Bao, Miao Wang, Yan Wang, Wenqi Mao, Likun Cui, Ye Pang, Fei Wang, Fuling Yan, Zuohui Zhang, Guiyun Cui
Summary: This study investigated the role of circPTP4A2 in microglial polarization after ischemic stroke and found that circPTP4A2 plays a critical role in driving STAT3-dependent microglial polarization and stimulating neuroinflammation. Knockdown of circPTP4A2 reduced cerebral ischemic injury and promoted microglial M2 polarization, suggesting circPTP4A2 as a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eleonora Galli, Elena Maggio, Fulvio Pomero
Summary: Septic patients are at a high risk of thrombotic complications due to coagulation disorders. The interconnected and reciprocal influence of immune and coagulation systems, known as immunothrombosis, plays a critical role in host defense and thrombogenesis. Dysregulation of this network during sepsis can lead to pathological thrombosis.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Raayma Iffah, Felicity N. E. Gavins
Summary: The pathophysiology of COVID-19 is complex, with multiple systems contributing to thrombosis and inflammation. Understanding the role of the immune system in different patient cohorts is crucial for developing novel therapeutic targets and drug repurposing strategies.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhiye Zhang, Chuanbin Shen, Mingqian Fang, Yajun Han, Chengbo Long, Weihui Liu, Min Yang, Ming Liu, Dengdeng Zhang, Qiqi Cao, Xue Chen, Yaqun Fang, Qiumin Lu, Zongliu Hou, Yaxiong Li, Zhenze Liu, Xi Lei, Heyu Ni, Ren Lai
Summary: Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. This study identifies a promising inhibitor called sylvestin which can protect against ischemic stroke without increasing the risk of bleeding.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xiaosheng Yang, Yang Liu, Weijie Zhong, Yi Li, Wenchuan Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the role of microglial Netrin-1 in ischemic stroke. The levels of Netrin-1 and its receptors were examined in human patients and animal models, and it was found that activation of Netrin-1 receptor signaling in microglia led to a shift in microglial phenotype towards a protective state, reducing apoptosis and migration. Targeting Netrin-1 and its receptors may be a promising therapeutic strategy for promoting post-ischemic survival and functional recovery.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Baoyi Chen, Cong Xie, Tengrui Shi, Shiqin Yue, Weiping Li, Guodong Huang, Yuan Zhang, Wenlan Liu
Summary: Cl- movement and Cl- -sensitive signal pathways are important in the survival and switch of inflammatory phenotype of microglia after ischemic stroke. Swell1, a Cl- transmembrane transporter, plays a crucial role in the survival and M2-like polarization of microglia in ischemic stroke. Activation of Swell1 promotes microglia survival and M2-like polarization through the activation of SGK1 and WNK1, leading to the attenuation of neuroinflammation and ischemic brain injury.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Shirley Marino Lee, Jacob Hudobenko, Louise D. McCullough, Anjali Chauhan
Summary: Microglia play a crucial role in ischemic injury response, with aged microglia showing increased inflammation after stroke. Depletion of microglia in aged mice led to increased infarct volume and infiltrating monocytes post-stroke, indicating a differential immune response. Treatment with PLX5622 and AFS98 resulted in depleted microglia but increased neuroinflammation in aged animals following ischemic stroke.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Shaohua Qi, Abdullah Al Mamun, Conelius Ngwa, Sharmeen Romana, Rodney Ritzel, Arthur P. Arnold, Louise D. McCullough, Fudong Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that the X escapee genes kdm5c and kdm6a play critical roles in mediating stroke sensitivity, showing significant sex differences in aged WT mice and human stroke patients. The interaction between KDM-Histone-IRF pathways and epigenetic modification of stroke-related genes suggests an important mechanism underlying ischemic sexual dimorphism.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Jieqiong Cui, Huayan Li, Zongning Chen, Ting Dong, Xiying He, Yuanyuan Wei, Zhengkun Li, Jinfeng Duan, Ting Cao, Qian Chen, Dongmei Ma, Yang Zhou, Bo Wang, Mingqin Shi, Qin Zhang, Lei Xiong, Dongdong Qin
Summary: This article discusses the role of platelets in stroke and explores the evolving role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and platelets in ischemic stroke (IS). In response to these issues, there is a need to develop more targeted immunotherapy methods focusing on platelets and Tregs to prevent and manage stroke.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Luo, Yuan Feng, Mingyue Li, Mingyu Yin, Feng Qin, Xiquan Hu
Summary: The study shows that long-term rTMS stimulation can promote neurogenesis, inhibit apoptosis, and control inflammation. rTMS modulates microglia with anti-inflammatory polarization variation and improves neural function recovery. It may be a promising therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Jinsong Zeng, Tingting Bao, Kailin Yang, Xiaofei Zhu, Shanshan Wang, Wang Xiang, Anqi Ge, Liuting Zeng, Jinwen Ge
Summary: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a fatal disease in which neuroimmunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress play important roles. Activation of microglia, the innate immune cells in the brain, leads to secondary brain injury after cerebral ischemia. This review focuses on the interaction between M1/M2 microglia and other immune cells involved in IS, as well as the mechanism of natural plant components in regulating microglia after IS, providing potential drugs for regulating microglial balance and IS treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olga Zharkova, Maryam F. Salamah, Maria V. Babak, Elanchezhian Rajan, Lina H. K. Lim, Frans Andrade, Cristiane D. Gil, Sonia M. Oliani, Leonardo A. Moraes, Sakthivel Vaiyapuri
Summary: This study reveals that ANXA1 modulates platelet function through its receptor Fpr2/3. ANXA1(Ac2-26) activates platelets, leading to increased fibrinogen binding and P-selectin exposure. It also enhances platelet-leukocyte aggregates. These findings suggest that ANXA1 plays a role in thrombosis, haemostasis, and platelet-mediated inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Maria Papathanasiou, Lukas Kessler, Alexander Carpinteiro, Tim Hagenacker, Felix Nensa, Lale Umutlu, Michael Forsting, Alexandra Brainman, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Gerald Antoch, Ulrich Duhrsen, Thomas-Wilfried Schlosser, Ken Herrmann, Tienush Rassaf, Peter Luedike, Christoph Rischpler
Summary: Bone-tracer scintigraphy has an established role in diagnosing cardiac amyloidosis (CA) to detect transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR), while PET with amyloid tracers has shown high sensitivity for both ATTR and light-chain (AL) CA. However, this study found low sensitivity of PET for CA, despite supporting protein-independent binding in the results.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Markus Leo, Linda-Isabell Schmitt, Michael Fleischer, Rebecca Steffen, Cora Osswald, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Tim Hagenacker
Summary: This study investigates the role of spinal astrocytes in the pathogenesis of late-onset SMA forms. Using a mouse model and SMA-like astrocytes, they observed the activation of spinal astrocytes, reduction of certain proteins, and impaired glutamate uptake and potassium uptake. These findings demonstrate the crucial role of spinal astrocytes in the development of late-onset SMA.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Niklas Frahm, Firas Fneish, David Ellenberger, Peter Flachenecker, Friedemann Paul, Clemens Warnke, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Tina Parciak, Dagmar Krefting, Kerstin Hellwig, Judith Haas, Paulus S. Rommer, Alexander Stahmann, Uwe K. Zettl
Summary: This study analyzed treatment switches and changes over time in sociodemographic/clinical characteristics of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) receiving fingolimod therapy. The study found that the duration of fingolimod treatment has decreased over time, and female and young patients have a shorter time on fingolimod therapy.
NEUROLOGY AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael Fleischer, Bayram Coskun, Benjamin Stolte, Adela Della-Marina, Heike Koelbel, Hildegard Lax, Michael Nonnemacher, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Ulrike Schara-Schmidt, Tim Hagenacker
Summary: The Essen transition model aims to improve healthcare and quality of life in young adults with neuromuscular diseases. It combines the therapeutic effort of different specialist disciplines through standardized procedures, joint consultations, interdisciplinary conferences, and a transitional database, providing complex care for patients.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Tsepo Goerttler, Letizia Zanetti, Maria Regoni, Karl Egger, Elias Kellner, Cornelius Deuschl, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Jenny Sassone, Stephan Klebe
Summary: In this case study, a new GFAP gene mutation causing adult-onset Alexander disease (AOAD) was identified. It is recommended to include AOAD in the diagnostic workup for adult patients with gait ataxia and cerebellar and bulbar symptoms in association with traumatic head injury.
NEUROLOGY-GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Leoni Rolfes, Steffen Pfeuffer, Jelena Skuljec, Xia He, Chuanxin Su, Sinem-Hilal Oezalp, Marc Pawlitzki, Tobias Ruck, Melanie Korsen, Konstanze Kleinschnitz, Derya Aslan, Tim Hagenacker, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Sven G. Meuth, Refik Pul
Summary: Cladribine-treated MS patients can mount an adequate immune response to influenza independently of treatment duration and time interval to the last cladribine administration. The antibody response against influenza A was comparable between cladribine-treated patients and controls, while the response against influenza B was lower in the cladribine cohort. The increase in geometric mean titers was also lower in the cladribine group compared to controls, but titers increased in both groups for all strains.
Article
Microbiology
Hedda Luise Verhasselt, Elakiya Ramakrishnan, Melina Schlag, Julian R. Marchesi, Jan Buer, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Tim Hagenacker, Andreas Totzeck
Summary: The fungal microbiome in the intestines of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) was found to be similar to that of patients with non-inflammatory neurological disorders (NIND), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), and healthy volunteers. However, due to incomplete data, further analysis and conclusions are limited.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael K. Schuhmann, Friederike Langhauser, Lena Zimmermann, Maximilian Bellut, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Felix Fluri
Summary: The study found that DMF treatment can reduce infarct volume and brain edema after stroke, and attenuate lymphocyte infiltration, thus mitigating immune cell-driven damage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jonas Feldheim, Teresa Schmidt, Christoph Oster, Julia Feldheim, Martin Stuschke, Walter Stummer, Oliver Grauer, Bjoern Scheffler, Carsten Hagemann, Ulrich Sure, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Lazaros Lazaridis, Sied Kebir, Martin Glas
Summary: To minimize the risk of infections during the COVID-19 pandemic, remote video consultations have become popular in medical fields. However, telemedicine in neuro-oncology presents unique challenges and opportunities. This study analyzed over 3700 neuro-oncological consultations, including more than 300 video consultations, to understand the differences between patient groups and evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of video consultations. Patients who opted for video consultations had worse clinical conditions, higher malignancy grades, were diagnosed more frequently with glioblastoma, and traveled longer distances.
Article
Cell Biology
Markus Leo, Linda-Isabell Schmitt, Fabian Mairinger, Andreas Roos, Christina Hansmann, Stefanie Hezel, Jelena Skuljec, Refik Pul, Ulrike Schara-Schmidt, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Tim Hagenacker
Summary: This study analyzed serum samples of late-onset SMA patients before and after treatment with nusinersen using high-throughput nCounter NanoString technology. Four genes were found to have significantly altered transcript counts in the serum of patients, and these alterations were associated with SMA subtype and treatment response.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alejandra Palomino-Antolin, Celine Decouty-Perez, Victor Farre-Alins, Paloma Narros-Fernandez, Ana Belen Lopez-Rodriguez, Maria Alvarez-Rubal, Ines Valencia, Francisco Lopez-Munoz, Eva Ramos, Antonio Cuadrado, Ana I. Casas, Alejandro Romero, Javier Egea
Summary: The role of inflammation and immunity in the pathomechanism of neurodegenerative diseases is significant. The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a crucial role in activating inflammatory responses. The interaction between NOX4 and Nrf2 is found to be critical in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jordi Kuehne Escola, Bessime Bozkurt, Bastian Brune, Woon Hyung Chae, Lennart Steffen Milles, Doreen Pommeranz, Lena Brune, Philipp Dammann, Ulrich Sure, Cornelius Deuschl, Michael Forsting, Clemens Kill, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Martin Koehrmann, Benedikt Frank
Summary: Stroke mimics are common in the emergency department, and early detection is crucial for initiating appropriate treatment. This study compared the frequency, clinical characteristics, and predictors of non-neurological and neurological stroke mimics in patients with suspected stroke. The results highlighted the importance of awareness of underlying etiologies and differences in clinical characteristics for optimal care.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Christoph Oster, Teresa Schmidt, Sarina Agkatsev, Lazaros Lazaridis, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Ulrich Sure, Bjorn Scheffler, Sied Kebir, Martin Glas
Summary: This study analyzed phase III clinical trials for glioblastoma conducted since 2005, revealing that the majority of trials did not result in significant improvement in overall survival. Only the EORTC/NCIC, EF-14, and CeTeG studies showed positive outcomes in terms of overall survival in the younger cohort.
NEURO-ONCOLOGY ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jordi Kuehne Escola, Cornelius Deuschl, Andreas Junker, Fabian Dusse, Refik Pul, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Martin Koehrmann, Benedikt Frank
Summary: We report a rare case of autoimmune disorder following COVID-19 vaccination, presenting with symptoms similar to bacterial meningomyelitis. The patient showed significant clinical improvement with appropriate treatment.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
(2022)