Article
Oncology
Lucia Lione, Erika Salvatori, Adriana Petrazzuolo, Alice Massacci, Roberta Maggio, Antonella Confroti, Mirco Compagnone, Luigi Aurisicchio, Gennaro Ciliberto, Fabio Palombo
Summary: The study found that decreased microbiota diversity induced by prolonged antibiotic treatment is associated with higher intratumor specific immune responses and consequently leads to a better antitumor effect induced by NCV delivered by DNA-EP.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Delphine Sterlin, Martin Larsen, Jehane Fadlallah, Christophe Parizot, Marina Vignes, Gaelle Autaa, Karim Dorgham, Catherine Juste, Patricia Lepage, Jennifer Aboab, Savine Vicart, Elisabeth Maillart, Olivier Gout, Catherine Lubetzki, Romain Deschamps, Caroline Papeix, Guy Gorochov
Summary: The study suggests that there is a disruption in gut and systemic microbiota/immune balance in MS patients, with reduced IgA responses and increased IgG responses to gut bacteria. This breakdown of tolerance to gut microbiota may lead to enhanced systemic IgG immunity against commensals early in MS.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Wenjing Li, Zhe Jing, Shuqing Wang, Qiyu Li, Yutong Xing, Haobo Shi, Shuang Li, Zhangyong Hong
Summary: This study utilized virus-like particles (VLPs) derived from the phage P22 to deliver peptide antigens efficiently for therapeutic cancer vaccines. Results demonstrated the potential advantages of VLPs as vaccine carriers and showed that VLP-OVAT significantly inhibited tumor growth in mouse models.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yan-Ruide Li, Kuangyi Zhou, Matthew Wilson, Adam Kramer, Yichen Zhu, Niels Dawson, Lili Yang
Summary: Human mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells express an invariant TCR a chain and a restricted TCR b chain, bridging the innate and acquired immune systems. MAIT cells recognize microbial peptides presented by MR1 and play a role in antitumor immunity. Activation of MAIT cells leads to proliferation, cytokine production, and efficient antitumor immune response. This review highlights the biology of MAIT cells, their importance in antitumor immunity, and potential applications in cancer treatment.
Review
Oncology
Shaoming Zhu, Tian Zhang, Lei Zheng, Hongtao Liu, Wenru Song, Delong Liu, Zihai Li, Chong-xian Pan
Summary: This review discusses the relationship between cancer immune response and resistance mechanisms to immunotherapy, as well as provides a comprehensive overview of the latest clinical status and FDA-approved combination therapies. It also covers therapies targeting cytokines, immunotherapy, virotherapy, innate immune modifiers, and cancer vaccines, as well as insights from the 2020 China Immuno-Oncology Workshop.
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Xinle Cui, Clifford M. Snapper
Summary: EBV is strongly implicated in the etiology of multiple cancers, and vaccines targeting EBV have shown promise in prevention and treatment. Immune cell therapy, including adoptive T-cell therapy, has emerged as a promising approach in cancer treatment, especially in EBV-associated cancers.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Tagliamonte, Beatrice Cavalluzzo, Angela Mauriello, Concetta Ragone, Franco M. Buonaguro, Maria Lina Tornesello, Luigi Buonaguro
Summary: The development of cancer immunotherapeutic strategies relies on the identification and validation of optimal target tumor antigens, which should be tumor-specific as well as able to elicit a swift and potent anti-tumor immune response. Most strategies are based on tumor associated antigens (TAAs), but these may be affected by immunological tolerance or elicit autoimmune responses. Therefore, non-self-antigens derived from microorganisms (MoAs) may be beneficial in overcoming these limitations.
Article
Microbiology
Ana Montalban-Arques, Egle Katkeviciute, Philipp Busenhart, Anna Bircher, Jakob Wirbel, Georg Zeller, Yasser Morsy, Lubor Borsig, Jesus F. Glaus Garzon, Anne Mueller, Isabelle C. Arnold, Mariela Artola-Boran, Michael Krauthammer, Anna Sintsova, Nicola Zamboni, Gabriel E. Leventhal, Laura Berchtold, Tomas de Wouters, Gerhard Rogler, Katharina Baebler, Marlene Schwarzfischer, Larissa Hering, Ivan Olivares-Rivas, Kirstin Atrott, Claudia Gottier, Silvia Lang, Onur Boyman, Ralph Fritsch, Markus G. Manz, Marianne R. Spalinger, Michael Scharl
Summary: Despite the overall success of T cell checkpoint inhibitors in cancer treatment, research has found that certain commensal species of gut microbiota associated with lower tumor burden and are significantly reduced in CRC patients. Oral application of specific Clostridiales strains can prevent and even treat CRC successfully in mouse models, outperforming anti-PD-1 therapy in some cases. This indicates the potential of gut bacteria as a novel stand-alone therapy against solid tumors.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Da Zhang, Ziguo Lin, Ming Wu, Zhixiong Cai, Youshi Zheng, Lei He, Zhenli Li, Jie Zhou, Liqin Sun, Geng Chen, Yongyi Zeng, Juan Li, Jingfeng Liu, Huanghao Yang, Xiaolong Liu
Summary: A thiolated nano-vaccine was developed to deliver neoantigens and TLR9 agonist CpG-ODN directly into the cytosol, bypassing degradation pathways and enhancing antigen uptake, leading to increased anti-cancer T-cell immunity. In vivo immunization with this vaccine inhibited tumor growth, prolonged survival, and combining it with anti-PD-1 antibody further enhanced immune response and tumor elimination.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dandong Dai, You Yin, Yuanbo Hu, Ying Lu, Hongbo Zou, GuangZhao Lu, Qianqian Wang, Jie Lian, Jie Gao, Xian Shen
Summary: The optimized LPD nanoliposomes generated in this study exhibited improved characteristics, high stability, low toxicity, and enhanced anti-tumor immune response in colorectal cancer. The LPD nanoliposomes may serve as an effective vaccine to induce antitumor immunity and can enhance the therapeutic effect of oxaliplatin, presenting a new treatment option for colorectal cancer.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yun Chen, Boyuan Liu, Yuan Wei, Dong-Ming Kuang
Summary: The impact of microbiota on disease progression varies depending on the tumor types, therapeutic regimens, and microbiota composition, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of host-microbiome interactions. Gut microbiota influences disease progression by regulating local and systemic immunity, with intratumoral microbiota being an important component of the tumor microenvironment. The identification of intra-tumor microbiota and its role in immune microenvironment interaction may benefit current anti-cancer approaches.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Xin Zhang, Yanlong Zhang, Li Zhao, Jiayu Wang, Jiaxing Li, Xi Wang, Min Zhang, Xiaopeng Hu
Summary: This study identified potential tumor antigens for mRNA vaccines in bladder cancer (BLCA) and defined three immune subtypes in BLCA. It also applied the immcluster package to predict suitable BLCA patients for antitumor therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Joao I. B. Goncalves, Thiago J. Borges, Ana Paula Duarte de Souza
Summary: This mini review describes the role of gut and lung microbiota in respiratory viral infection and vaccine-induced immune responses. Recent evidence suggests that the composition and function of the microbiota can modulate immune responses to respiratory viruses and interfere with vaccination protection. Modulating the microbiota composition may improve vaccine efficacy, and the use of prebiotics and probiotics as adjuvants has shown promising results.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Matheswaran Kandasamy, Uzi Gileadi, Pramila Rijal, Tiong Kit Tan, Lian N. Lee, Jili Chen, Gennaro Prota, Paul Klenerman, Alain Townsend, Vincenzo Cerundolo, Tomohiro Kurosaki
Summary: Virus-based tumour vaccines, such as the engineered NY-ESO-1 S-FLU virus, show promise in inducing a strong antigen-specific CD8(+) T cell response and protection against tumour development. In mice, intranasal or intramuscular immunization with NY-ESO-1 S-FLU virus resulted in tumour regression and decreased metastasis. Additionally, combining NY-ESO-1 S-FLU virus with anti-PD-1 antibody further enhanced tumour protection.
Article
Microbiology
Hao Yu, Xing-Xiu Li, Xing Han, Bin-Xin Chen, Xing-Hua Zhang, Shan Gao, Dan-Qi Xu, Yao Wang, Zhan-Kui Gao, Lei Yu, Song-Ling Zhu, Li-Chen Yao, Gui-Rong Liu, Shu-Lin Liu, Xiao-Qin Mu
Summary: Many lines of evidence suggest that maintaining the homeostasis of microbiota and host might be beneficial to colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. This study established a CRC mouse model of microbial dysbiosis and found that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) could effectively reverse the disordered gut microbiota of CRC mice. FMT also suppressed cancer progression, reduced excessive intestinal inflammation, and promoted anti-cancer immune responses. Furthermore, FMT regulated the expressions of inflammatory cytokines and cancer-related genes, which contributed to its anti-cancer efficacy.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)